{"id":2992,"date":"2024-08-13T10:35:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-13T14:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/assessmentnursingmain\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=2992"},"modified":"2024-11-11T10:04:28","modified_gmt":"2024-11-11T15:04:28","slug":"brief-scan-of-the-ophthalmic-system","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/assessmentnursingmain\/chapter\/brief-scan-of-the-ophthalmic-system\/","title":{"raw":"Brief Scan of the Ophthalmic System","rendered":"Brief Scan of the Ophthalmic System"},"content":{"raw":"<span style=\"color: #000000\">A <strong>brief scan<\/strong> of the ophthalmic system allows you to quickly recognize ophthalmic signs, changes in clinical status, and\/or cues of clinical deterioration. This brief scan will influence your decision on whether immediate action is required and whether a focused assessment is needed.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000\">Steps of a <strong>brief scan<\/strong> include checking the following:<\/span>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Are there any observable cues that suggest the client may have a vision impairment (e.g., eyeglasses, cane, ocular prosthesis, eye patch)?<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Knowing whether a client has a potential existing vision impairment may inform how you conduct your assessment. For example, where you physically position yourself as the nurse may be influenced by the presence of an ocular prosthesis in one of the client\u2019s eyes.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ol start=\"2\">\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Is the client using their hands to guide their movement, bumping into objects, squinting and\/or having difficulty maintaining eye contact?<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">This cue needs to be explored as it can suggest vision impairment or other eye problems.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ol start=\"3\">\r\n \t<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Are there any observable signs of redness or discolouration, swelling, discharge, or lesions?<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">These signs are quickly observable when you see a client. They can provide cues that inform your clinical judgement. If present, wear gloves and examine these cues further as part of the external eye assessment.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>Contextualizing Inclusivity<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000\">Do not make assumptions related to<strong> eye contact<\/strong>; be aware of cultural differences in terms of maintaining or avoiding eye contact. Eye contact is intentionally or subconsciously avoided among some groups: for example, eye contact led to punishment in some residential schools, so some Indigenous clients may begin an interaction with eye contact and then look away (Indigenous Corporate Training Inc., 2024). Some clients from Eastern and Caribbean cultures consider direct eye contact to be disrespectful and even aggressive (Bauer, 2015). In contrast, in many Western cultures there is an expectation to maintain eye contact, with the misguided assumption that a person who doesn\u2019t maintain eye contact is dishonest or shy.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>Activity: Check Your Understanding<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000\">[h5p id=\"264\"]<\/span>\r\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000000\">References<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000\">Bauer, R. (2015). The impact of making eye contact around the world. World Economic Forum.<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2015\/02\/the-impact-of-making-eye-contact-around-the-world\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2015\/02\/the-impact-of-making-eye-contact-around-the-world\/<\/a>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000\">Indigenous Corporate Training Inc. (2024). Eye contact and Indigenous Peoples.<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ictinc.ca\/blog\/eye-contact-and-indigenous-peoples\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ictinc.ca\/blog\/eye-contact-and-indigenous-peoples<\/a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">A <strong>brief scan<\/strong> of the ophthalmic system allows you to quickly recognize ophthalmic signs, changes in clinical status, and\/or cues of clinical deterioration. This brief scan will influence your decision on whether immediate action is required and whether a focused assessment is needed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Steps of a <strong>brief scan<\/strong> include checking the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Are there any observable cues that suggest the client may have a vision impairment (e.g., eyeglasses, cane, ocular prosthesis, eye patch)?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Knowing whether a client has a potential existing vision impairment may inform how you conduct your assessment. For example, where you physically position yourself as the nurse may be influenced by the presence of an ocular prosthesis in one of the client\u2019s eyes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Is the client using their hands to guide their movement, bumping into objects, squinting and\/or having difficulty maintaining eye contact?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">This cue needs to be explored as it can suggest vision impairment or other eye problems.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000\">Are there any observable signs of redness or discolouration, swelling, discharge, or lesions?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">These signs are quickly observable when you see a client. They can provide cues that inform your clinical judgement. If present, wear gloves and examine these cues further as part of the external eye assessment.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>Contextualizing Inclusivity<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Do not make assumptions related to<strong> eye contact<\/strong>; be aware of cultural differences in terms of maintaining or avoiding eye contact. Eye contact is intentionally or subconsciously avoided among some groups: for example, eye contact led to punishment in some residential schools, so some Indigenous clients may begin an interaction with eye contact and then look away (Indigenous Corporate Training Inc., 2024). Some clients from Eastern and Caribbean cultures consider direct eye contact to be disrespectful and even aggressive (Bauer, 2015). In contrast, in many Western cultures there is an expectation to maintain eye contact, with the misguided assumption that a person who doesn\u2019t maintain eye contact is dishonest or shy.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000000\"><strong>Activity: Check Your Understanding<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\"><\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-264\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-264\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"264\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Brief Scan of the Ophthalmic System\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000000\">References<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Bauer, R. (2015). The impact of making eye contact around the world. World Economic Forum.<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2015\/02\/the-impact-of-making-eye-contact-around-the-world\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2015\/02\/the-impact-of-making-eye-contact-around-the-world\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">Indigenous Corporate Training Inc. (2024). Eye contact and Indigenous Peoples.<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ictinc.ca\/blog\/eye-contact-and-indigenous-peoples\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ictinc.ca\/blog\/eye-contact-and-indigenous-peoples<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"menu_order":5,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-2992","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":1653,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/assessmentnursingmain\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2992","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/assessmentnursingmain\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/assessmentnursingmain\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/assessmentnursingmain\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/assessmentnursingmain\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2992\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3489,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/assessmentnursingmain\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2992\/revisions\/3489"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/assessmentnursingmain\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/1653"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/assessmentnursingmain\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2992\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/assessmentnursingmain\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2992"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/assessmentnursingmain\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=2992"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/assessmentnursingmain\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=2992"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/assessmentnursingmain\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=2992"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}