{"id":84,"date":"2016-10-12T14:15:40","date_gmt":"2016-10-12T14:15:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/authorsguide\/?post_type=chapter&p=84"},"modified":"2021-05-26T02:33:55","modified_gmt":"2021-05-26T02:33:55","slug":"canadian-spellings","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/authorsguide\/chapter\/canadian-spellings\/","title":{"raw":"Canadian Spellings","rendered":"Canadian Spellings"},"content":{"raw":"<\/a>\r\nWhen writing a textbook for the Canadian market, it's best to use Canadian spellings. Consult this list for first-choice spelling preferences for Canadian and other words and terms.\r\n<\/span>\r\n\r\nA<\/a> B<\/a> C<\/a> D<\/a> E<\/a> F<\/a> G<\/a> H<\/a> I<\/a> J<\/a> K<\/a> L<\/a> M<\/a> N<\/a> O<\/a> P<\/a> Q<\/a> R<\/a> S<\/a> T<\/a> U<\/a> V<\/a> W<\/a> X<\/a> Y<\/a> Z<\/a>\r\n

A<\/h3>\r\na.m.\/p.m.\r\nAB\u00a0(Alberta)\r\nAboriginal (preferred to \u201cIndian\u201d and \u201cNative\u201d)\r\nacknowledgment (no \u201ce\u201d)\r\nAct (of Parliament; u.c., roman)\r\nAD\/BC (small caps, no periods; AD 5, 12 BC) [Note, however, that in most current texts CE and BCE are preferred style.)\r\nadvisor (not -er)\r\naging\r\nAIDS (no need to spell out)\r\nAlzheimer\u2019s disease\r\nanalgesics\r\nanalogue\r\nanalyze\r\nanti (close compound except when word begins with an i or capital letter, or if word may be unclear or looks awkward)\r\nanti-anxiety\r\nanti-inflammatory\r\nattention deficit disorder, ADD\r\nattention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD\r\nattorney general (no hyphen; u.c. when used as title)\r\naudioconferencing\r\naxe\r\n

B<\/h3>\r\nbaby boomers\r\nbarbecue\r\nbackup (n. and adj.)\r\nBC (British Columbia)\r\nbehaviour\r\nbenefited\r\nbenzodiazepine\r\nbest-seller list\r\nBill (u.c. when referring to legislation)\r\nbreastfeeding, breastfed\r\nbreast milk\r\nburnout (n.)\r\nbylaw\r\nbypass\r\nby-product\r\n

C<\/h3>\r\ncabinet (l.c.)\r\ncaf\u00e9\r\ncalibre\r\ncaregiver, caretaker\r\ncatalogue\r\nCD-ROM\r\ncellphone\r\ncentre\r\nchair (not chairman or chairperson)\r\ncheckup (n.), check up (v.)\r\ncheque, chequebook\r\nchild care\r\nchildbearing\r\ncigarette\r\nclawback\r\ncleanup (adj., n.)\r\nclear-cut (adj.)\r\nco-author\r\nco-chair\r\nco-director\r\ncoexisting\r\nco-founder\r\ncognitive-behavioral therapy, CBT\r\nco-infection\r\ncolour\r\nco-management\r\ncommon sense (n.), commonsense (adj.)\r\ncooperate\r\ncoordinate\r\nco-payment\r\ncost-effective, cost-effectiveness\r\ncounselling, counsellor\r\nco-worker\r\nCriminal Code\r\ncross-examine\r\ncutoff (adj.)\r\n

D<\/h3>\r\ndata (may be plural or singular, but be consistent)\r\ndatabase\r\ndata set\r\nday care (n.), day-care (adj.)\r\ndecision-maker (n.)\r\ndecision making (n. phrase)\r\ndecision-making (adj.)\r\ndecolonization\r\nde facto (no italics)\r\ndefence (n.)\r\ndependant (n.)\r\ndependent (adj.)\r\ndesktop\r\ndiarrhea\r\ndietitian\r\ndos and don\u2019ts\r\ndropout (n.)\r\n

E<\/h3>\r\ne.g. (follow with comma)\r\ne-learning\r\nemail\r\nemphasize\r\nendeavour\r\nendpoint\r\nend-stage (adj.)\r\nend-user\r\nenroll, enrolled, enrolling, enrollment\r\n

F<\/h3>\r\nfavour\r\nfetus\r\nfibre optic\r\nfield test\r\nfieldwork\r\nfirst aid supplies\r\nFirst Nations\r\nfirsthand\r\nflare-up (n.), flare up (v.)\r\nfocused, focusing\r\n\u2026fold (close compound and spell out number used, \u201ctwofold,\u201d \u201ctwelvefold\u201d)\r\nfollow-up (n., adj.), follow up (v.)\r\nfront-line (preceding adj.)\r\nfuelled\r\nfulfill\r\nfull-time\r\nfundraising\r\n

G<\/h3>\r\nglamour\r\ngovernor general (no hyphen; u.c. as title)\r\nGrade (1, 2, etc.)\r\ngrey\r\n

H<\/h3>\r\nhalfway\r\nhand washing (v.), hand-washing (adj.)\r\nhands-on (adj.)\r\nhealth care (n. or adj., open)\r\nHIV (human immunodeficiency virus; never HIV virus)\r\nHIV\/AIDS (no need to spell out)\r\nHIV-positive\r\nhonorary\r\nhonour\r\nhotline\r\n

I<\/h3>\r\ni.e. (follow with comma)\r\nIndian (see \u201cAboriginal\u201d \u201cNon-Status\u201d and Status\u201d)\r\nIndo-Canadian\r\ninpatient\r\nin-service\r\ninstalment\r\nInternet\r\nintra (close compound except when word begins with a or when word may be unclear or looks awkward)\r\nintranet\r\n

J<\/h3>\r\njudgment\r\n

K<\/h3>\r\nkg (sing. and pl.), but use only with measurements; otherwise spell out as kilograms\r\n

L<\/h3>\r\nlabelled, labelling\r\nlabour\r\nlayperson\r\nlegislature (but Legislative Assembly of Ontario)\r\nlicence (n.), license (v.), BUT: when referring to a formal open license agreement note the use of \u201cs\u201d\r\nlieutenant governor (u.c. when used as title)\r\nlife cycle\r\nlifelong\r\nlifesaving\r\nlife stage\r\nlifestyle\r\nlineup (n.), line up (v.)\r\nlitre\r\nlogin (n.), log in (v.)\r\nlong-lasting\r\nlong-standing\r\nlong-term, longer-term (adj.)\r\n

M<\/h3>\r\nmakeup (n.)\r\nmanoeuvre\r\nMB (Manitoba)\r\nmedallists\r\nmental health (n. or adj., open)\r\nmeta-analysis\r\nM\u00e9tis\r\nmetre\r\nmg (sing. and pl.), but use only with measurements; otherwise spell out as milligrams\r\nmidlife\r\nMinistry of Health, MOH (not \u201cMoH\u201d)\r\nmodelling\r\nmL (sing. and pl.), but use only with measurements; otherwise spell out as millilitres\r\nmulti (close compound when word begins with consonant, \u201cmultidisciplinary,\u201d \u201cmultispecialty\u201d; hyphenate with vowel, \u201cmulti-authored\u201d)\r\n

N<\/h3>\r\nnationwide\r\nNative people (\u201cAboriginal\u201d and \u201cFirst\u00a0Nations\u201d preferred)\r\nNB (New Brunswick)\r\nneighbour\r\nneonatal\r\nNL (Newfoundland and Labrador)\r\nnon (close compound except when word may be unclear or looks awkward)\r\nnon-Aboriginal\r\nnonprofit\r\nnonresidents\r\nnonsmoker\r\nNS (Nova Scotia)\r\nNT (Northwest Territories)\r\nNU (Nunavut)\r\n

O<\/h3>\r\noffence (n.)\r\nON (Ontario)\r\nongoing\r\nonline\r\non-site (adj.)\r\noriented (not \u201corientated\u201d)\r\noutpatient\r\novereating\r\noverprotective\r\noverrepresented\r\noveruse, overused\r\n

P<\/h3>\r\nParliament\r\npayoff\r\nPE (Prince Edward Island)\r\nper se (not ital.)\r\npercent\r\npolicymaker\r\npost (close compound except when word may be unclear or looks awkward)\r\nPost-it Notes\r\npostgraduate\r\npostsecondary\r\npost-traumatic\r\nPowerPoint\r\npractice (n.), practise (v.)\r\npre (close compound except when word begins with e or if word may be unclear or looks awkward)\r\npredeceased\r\npre-existing\r\npreventive (not \u201cpreventative\u201d)\r\nprioritize (not \u201cpriorize\u201d)\r\nprogram, programmed, programming\r\nprovince-wide\r\npublicly (not \u201cpublically\u201d)\r\n

Q<\/h3>\r\nquasi- (hyphenate compound except in rare cases\u2014\u201cquasicrystal\u201d)\r\n

R<\/h3>\r\nraison d\u2019\u00eatre (no ital.)\r\nrandomized controlled trial, RCT\r\nre (close compound except when word may be unclear or looks awkward; re-emerge, reissue)\r\nreassessment\r\nreal-time (adj., no quotation marks)\r\nrebuild\r\nre-create (as in \u201ccreate anew\u201d)\r\nre-evaluate\r\nreinstate\r\nrisk-benefit ratio\r\n

Q<\/h3>\r\nQC (Qu\u00e9bec)\r\n

S<\/h3>\r\nseatbelt\r\nsecondhand\r\nSection (of legislation)\r\nsexually transmitted infection, STI (preferred to \u201csexually transmitted disease, STD\u201d)\r\nshock wave\r\nshortcut\r\nshortsighted\r\nside effect (always open)\r\nsizable\r\nSK (Saskatchewan)\r\nskeptical\r\nskillful\r\nsmart phone\r\nsociocultural\r\nsocioeconomic\r\nspecialized\r\nspinoff (n.)\r\nStatus Indian\r\nsub-Arctic\r\nsub-Saharan Africa\r\nsubspecialties\r\nsubtypes\r\nsulphur\r\n

T<\/h3>\r\ntelehealth, telemedicine\r\ntime frame\r\ntoward (not \u201ctowards\u201d)\r\ntravelled, travelling\r\nT-shirt\r\ntumour\r\nTV\r\ntype 1 and 2 diabetes\r\n

U<\/h3>\r\nunder way (adv., two words; adj., one word)\r\nunderfunded\r\nunder-represented\r\nunderserviced\r\nup-to-date (adj.)\r\nU.S. (when used as an adj. or in a table\/figure; otherwise spell out)\r\nusable\r\nuser name\r\n

V<\/h3>\r\nvideoconferencing\r\nvideo-imaging (n.)\r\nvis-\u00e0-vis\r\nvitamin C\r\nvoicemail\r\n

W<\/h3>\r\nwait list (n.), wait-list (v. and adj.)\r\nwalk-in clinic\r\nwavelength\r\nweb, the\r\nwebsite\r\nwell-being\r\nWest Nile Virus, WNV\r\nWestern society, Western world, Western Canada\r\nwidespread\r\nWi-Fi\r\nworkday\r\nworkforce\r\nworkload\r\nworkout\r\nworkplace\r\nworkup\r\nWorld War I, II\r\nWorld Wide Web\r\nworldwide\r\n

X<\/h3>\r\nX-ray\r\n

Y<\/h3>\r\nYT (Yukon)\r\n

Z<\/h3>","rendered":"

<\/a>
\nWhen writing a textbook for the Canadian market, it’s best to use Canadian spellings. Consult this list for first-choice spelling preferences for Canadian and other words and terms.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

A<\/a> B<\/a> C<\/a> D<\/a> E<\/a> F<\/a> G<\/a> H<\/a> I<\/a> J<\/a> K<\/a> L<\/a> M<\/a> N<\/a> O<\/a> P<\/a> Q<\/a> R<\/a> S<\/a> T<\/a> U<\/a> V<\/a> W<\/a> X<\/a> Y<\/a> Z<\/a><\/p>\n

A<\/h3>\n

a.m.\/p.m.
\nAB\u00a0(Alberta)
\nAboriginal (preferred to \u201cIndian\u201d and \u201cNative\u201d)
\nacknowledgment (no \u201ce\u201d)
\nAct (of Parliament; u.c., roman)
\nAD\/BC (small caps, no periods; AD 5, 12 BC) [Note, however, that in most current texts CE and BCE are preferred style.)
\nadvisor (not -er)
\naging
\nAIDS (no need to spell out)
\nAlzheimer\u2019s disease
\nanalgesics
\nanalogue
\nanalyze
\nanti (close compound except when word begins with an i or capital letter, or if word may be unclear or looks awkward)
\nanti-anxiety
\nanti-inflammatory
\nattention deficit disorder, ADD
\nattention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD
\nattorney general (no hyphen; u.c. when used as title)
\naudioconferencing
\naxe<\/p>\n

B<\/h3>\n

baby boomers
\nbarbecue
\nbackup (n. and adj.)
\nBC (British Columbia)
\nbehaviour
\nbenefited
\nbenzodiazepine
\nbest-seller list
\nBill (u.c. when referring to legislation)
\nbreastfeeding, breastfed
\nbreast milk
\nburnout (n.)
\nbylaw
\nbypass
\nby-product<\/p>\n

C<\/h3>\n

cabinet (l.c.)
\ncaf\u00e9
\ncalibre
\ncaregiver, caretaker
\ncatalogue
\nCD-ROM
\ncellphone
\ncentre
\nchair (not chairman or chairperson)
\ncheckup (n.), check up (v.)
\ncheque, chequebook
\nchild care
\nchildbearing
\ncigarette
\nclawback
\ncleanup (adj., n.)
\nclear-cut (adj.)
\nco-author
\nco-chair
\nco-director
\ncoexisting
\nco-founder
\ncognitive-behavioral therapy, CBT
\nco-infection
\ncolour
\nco-management
\ncommon sense (n.), commonsense (adj.)
\ncooperate
\ncoordinate
\nco-payment
\ncost-effective, cost-effectiveness
\ncounselling, counsellor
\nco-worker
\nCriminal Code
\ncross-examine
\ncutoff (adj.)<\/p>\n

D<\/h3>\n

data (may be plural or singular, but be consistent)
\ndatabase
\ndata set
\nday care (n.), day-care (adj.)
\ndecision-maker (n.)
\ndecision making (n. phrase)
\ndecision-making (adj.)
\ndecolonization
\nde facto (no italics)
\ndefence (n.)
\ndependant (n.)
\ndependent (adj.)
\ndesktop
\ndiarrhea
\ndietitian
\ndos and don\u2019ts
\ndropout (n.)<\/p>\n

E<\/h3>\n

e.g. (follow with comma)
\ne-learning
\nemail
\nemphasize
\nendeavour
\nendpoint
\nend-stage (adj.)
\nend-user
\nenroll, enrolled, enrolling, enrollment<\/p>\n

F<\/h3>\n

favour
\nfetus
\nfibre optic
\nfield test
\nfieldwork
\nfirst aid supplies
\nFirst Nations
\nfirsthand
\nflare-up (n.), flare up (v.)
\nfocused, focusing
\n\u2026fold (close compound and spell out number used, \u201ctwofold,\u201d \u201ctwelvefold\u201d)
\nfollow-up (n., adj.), follow up (v.)
\nfront-line (preceding adj.)
\nfuelled
\nfulfill
\nfull-time
\nfundraising<\/p>\n

G<\/h3>\n

glamour
\ngovernor general (no hyphen; u.c. as title)
\nGrade (1, 2, etc.)
\ngrey<\/p>\n

H<\/h3>\n

halfway
\nhand washing (v.), hand-washing (adj.)
\nhands-on (adj.)
\nhealth care (n. or adj., open)
\nHIV (human immunodeficiency virus; never HIV virus)
\nHIV\/AIDS (no need to spell out)
\nHIV-positive
\nhonorary
\nhonour
\nhotline<\/p>\n

I<\/h3>\n

i.e. (follow with comma)
\nIndian (see \u201cAboriginal\u201d \u201cNon-Status\u201d and Status\u201d)
\nIndo-Canadian
\ninpatient
\nin-service
\ninstalment
\nInternet
\nintra (close compound except when word begins with a or when word may be unclear or looks awkward)
\nintranet<\/p>\n

J<\/h3>\n

judgment<\/p>\n

K<\/h3>\n

kg (sing. and pl.), but use only with measurements; otherwise spell out as kilograms<\/p>\n

L<\/h3>\n

labelled, labelling
\nlabour
\nlayperson
\nlegislature (but Legislative Assembly of Ontario)
\nlicence (n.), license (v.), BUT: when referring to a formal open license agreement note the use of \u201cs\u201d
\nlieutenant governor (u.c. when used as title)
\nlife cycle
\nlifelong
\nlifesaving
\nlife stage
\nlifestyle
\nlineup (n.), line up (v.)
\nlitre
\nlogin (n.), log in (v.)
\nlong-lasting
\nlong-standing
\nlong-term, longer-term (adj.)<\/p>\n

M<\/h3>\n

makeup (n.)
\nmanoeuvre
\nMB (Manitoba)
\nmedallists
\nmental health (n. or adj., open)
\nmeta-analysis
\nM\u00e9tis
\nmetre
\nmg (sing. and pl.), but use only with measurements; otherwise spell out as milligrams
\nmidlife
\nMinistry of Health, MOH (not \u201cMoH\u201d)
\nmodelling
\nmL (sing. and pl.), but use only with measurements; otherwise spell out as millilitres
\nmulti (close compound when word begins with consonant, \u201cmultidisciplinary,\u201d \u201cmultispecialty\u201d; hyphenate with vowel, \u201cmulti-authored\u201d)<\/p>\n

N<\/h3>\n

nationwide
\nNative people (\u201cAboriginal\u201d and \u201cFirst\u00a0Nations\u201d preferred)
\nNB (New Brunswick)
\nneighbour
\nneonatal
\nNL (Newfoundland and Labrador)
\nnon (close compound except when word may be unclear or looks awkward)
\nnon-Aboriginal
\nnonprofit
\nnonresidents
\nnonsmoker
\nNS (Nova Scotia)
\nNT (Northwest Territories)
\nNU (Nunavut)<\/p>\n

O<\/h3>\n

offence (n.)
\nON (Ontario)
\nongoing
\nonline
\non-site (adj.)
\noriented (not \u201corientated\u201d)
\noutpatient
\novereating
\noverprotective
\noverrepresented
\noveruse, overused<\/p>\n

P<\/h3>\n

Parliament
\npayoff
\nPE (Prince Edward Island)
\nper se (not ital.)
\npercent
\npolicymaker
\npost (close compound except when word may be unclear or looks awkward)
\nPost-it Notes
\npostgraduate
\npostsecondary
\npost-traumatic
\nPowerPoint
\npractice (n.), practise (v.)
\npre (close compound except when word begins with e or if word may be unclear or looks awkward)
\npredeceased
\npre-existing
\npreventive (not \u201cpreventative\u201d)
\nprioritize (not \u201cpriorize\u201d)
\nprogram, programmed, programming
\nprovince-wide
\npublicly (not \u201cpublically\u201d)<\/p>\n

Q<\/h3>\n

quasi- (hyphenate compound except in rare cases\u2014\u201cquasicrystal\u201d)<\/p>\n

R<\/h3>\n

raison d\u2019\u00eatre (no ital.)
\nrandomized controlled trial, RCT
\nre (close compound except when word may be unclear or looks awkward; re-emerge, reissue)
\nreassessment
\nreal-time (adj., no quotation marks)
\nrebuild
\nre-create (as in \u201ccreate anew\u201d)
\nre-evaluate
\nreinstate
\nrisk-benefit ratio<\/p>\n

Q<\/h3>\n

QC (Qu\u00e9bec)<\/p>\n

S<\/h3>\n

seatbelt
\nsecondhand
\nSection (of legislation)
\nsexually transmitted infection, STI (preferred to \u201csexually transmitted disease, STD\u201d)
\nshock wave
\nshortcut
\nshortsighted
\nside effect (always open)
\nsizable
\nSK (Saskatchewan)
\nskeptical
\nskillful
\nsmart phone
\nsociocultural
\nsocioeconomic
\nspecialized
\nspinoff (n.)
\nStatus Indian
\nsub-Arctic
\nsub-Saharan Africa
\nsubspecialties
\nsubtypes
\nsulphur<\/p>\n

T<\/h3>\n

telehealth, telemedicine
\ntime frame
\ntoward (not \u201ctowards\u201d)
\ntravelled, travelling
\nT-shirt
\ntumour
\nTV
\ntype 1 and 2 diabetes<\/p>\n

U<\/h3>\n

under way (adv., two words; adj., one word)
\nunderfunded
\nunder-represented
\nunderserviced
\nup-to-date (adj.)
\nU.S. (when used as an adj. or in a table\/figure; otherwise spell out)
\nusable
\nuser name<\/p>\n

V<\/h3>\n

videoconferencing
\nvideo-imaging (n.)
\nvis-\u00e0-vis
\nvitamin C
\nvoicemail<\/p>\n

W<\/h3>\n

wait list (n.), wait-list (v. and adj.)
\nwalk-in clinic
\nwavelength
\nweb, the
\nwebsite
\nwell-being
\nWest Nile Virus, WNV
\nWestern society, Western world, Western Canada
\nwidespread
\nWi-Fi
\nworkday
\nworkforce
\nworkload
\nworkout
\nworkplace
\nworkup
\nWorld War I, II
\nWorld Wide Web
\nworldwide<\/p>\n

X<\/h3>\n

X-ray<\/p>\n

Y<\/h3>\n

YT (Yukon)<\/p>\n

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