{"id":130,"date":"2021-08-14T12:46:23","date_gmt":"2021-08-14T16:46:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/dietmods\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=130"},"modified":"2025-04-06T01:02:45","modified_gmt":"2025-04-06T05:02:45","slug":"gi_out-implement","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/chapter\/gi_out-implement\/","title":{"raw":"Implement","rendered":"Implement"},"content":{"raw":"<img src=\"http:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/dietmods\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/262\/2022\/02\/label_3-implement-1024x132.png\" alt=\"Step 3: Implement\" width=\"1024\" height=\"132\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1369 size-large\" \/>\r\n<h1>Interdisciplinary Team<\/h1>\r\nWhen implementing your nutrition care plan, you may have to liaise with other members of the care team. You\u2019ll want to discuss the clients treatment plans, if you have a suggestion or document a new findings after your appointment with the client. You may consider asking the client if they would want to see a particular professional (such as a social worker), if you feel it may benefit their care or a concern that is outside of your scope of practice. Review the different professions listed below.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Physician or Nurse Practitioner<\/strong>: Assess patient needs, order and interpret lab work, diagnose, and prescribe treatment plans.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Pharmacist<\/strong>: Advise on safe and effective medication to use for specific conditions and respond to patients symptoms by managing medications and their interactions.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Social Worker<\/strong>: Provide counselling and identify sources of emotional support for patients and their families to cope with diagnoses or life stressors.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Psychiatrist<\/strong>: Provide counselling to assess both mental and physical aspects of psychological problems. Specializes in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Gastroenterologist<\/strong>: Provide specific treatment and diagnosis of GI problems and diseases. First they will assess and consult regarding the client. Often involved when exploring concerning symptoms or administrating testing. They may provide a diagnosis or opinion immediately, or order testing and bloodwork to determine a diagnosis.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\">Liaising with Christian's Team<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Regarding supplements<\/strong>\r\n\r\nChristian is concerned about his iron and B12 values and is experiencing symptoms affecting his quality of life (i.e. headaches, fatigue, lightheadedness). He is interested in starting to incorporate a supplement, in hopes that it will contribute to a relief of his symptoms. He is open to exploring ways to improve this with diet in future appointments (e.g. exploring iron-rich foods), but for now he is most interested in supplements.\r\n\r\nTo address Christian's concerns, you:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Suggest the addition of an iron and vitamin B12 supplement<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Provide him with information on the potential GI side effects of iron (e.g. nausea, flatulence, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, and black stools)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Suggest updated lab work for Christian after 3-4 months (typical timeline) to reassess related lab values and the effectiveness of the supplement (i.e. is Christian lacking the appropriate amount of iron or is there a possible absorption issue?)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nIn this case, you do not need to directly liaise with the team on initiation of these supplements, but you would note the addition of them to the clients care plan. If not already initiated, you may request that his physician provides a laboratory requisition (during the established timeframe) so that you can properly evaluate the use of the supplements on your clients values.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>Education<\/h1>\r\nWhen implementing your plan with your client you may need to provide some education to them. When educating clients, try to:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Individualize the education as much as possible:<\/strong> Discuss high-risk topic first since they are the priority, connect the client's goals to your plan, and focus on what they want to learn.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Find out if patient has had previous education:<\/strong> Ask the client if any one else has talked to them, and adjust your education accordingly.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Focus on a few key messages: <span><\/span><\/strong>If the client is newly diagnosed or doesn\u2019t know much about the management of GERD or IBS, try not to overwhelm them with too much information during your first couple of interactions. Instead give them a few small goals or suggestions to start.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThink of some key messages you might want to speak to Christian about when providing education.\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\">Christian's Education<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nReview the education statements below. These are examples of what you may speak with Christian about in regards to his nutrition care plan. However, you may have brainstormed additional statements outside of these.\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%;height: 170px\" border=\"0\"><caption>Key messages for education, by area of concern<\/caption>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 12.3113%;height: 15px\" scope=\"col\">Area of Concern<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 94.8291%\"><strong>Key Messages for Education<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 87px\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.3113%;height: 87px\">Medication and supplements<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 94.8291%\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Your vitamin B12 and iron laboratory values are low. The medication you are on for GERD puts you at risk for these nutrient deficiencies. You are also experiencing common symptoms associated with iron and B12 deficiency. Therefore, you may want to consider supplementation or dietary strategies.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.3113%\">GERD &amp; IBS Management<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 94.8291%\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>For effective management of IBS and GERD, it is helpful for me to get a better representation of your dietary and lifestyle habits through a food symptom journal. Keep track of this for two weeks and try to provide as much detail as possible.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 17px\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.3113%;height: 17px\">Dietary choices<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 94.8291%\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Alcohol and caffeine may be contributing to your symptoms. Although you are not ready to remove this entirely, you can consider reducing consumption to evaluate symptoms or removing them on a \u2018trial\u2019 basis.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Some of your food choices are known \u2018triggers\u2019 for IBS and GERD. This includes tomatoes, onions, garlic, and spices. Start with removing these foods for two weeks and track your symptoms.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 17px\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.3113%;height: 17px\">Lifestyle habits<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 94.8291%\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Stress plays a role in the management of IBS and GERD. Getting an extra hour of sleep could help reduce your stress and is good for your overall health.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Consuming meals or beverages quickly can contribute to reflux symptoms. Try to slow down when you are eating your meals.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>Supporting Change<\/h1>\r\n<span><a href=\"https:\/\/sphweb.bumc.bu.edu\/otlt\/mph-modules\/sb\/behavioralchangetheories\/behavioralchangetheories6.html\">Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model<\/a> (also known as \"stages of change\") can be a useful tool in assessing your client\u2019s willingness to change. These \u201cstages\u201d can be used during charting and PES statements. The five stages are listed below with corresponding statements:<\/span>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li><strong>Precontemplation<\/strong>: \"I am not ready for change.\"<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Contemplation<\/strong>: \"I am intending to make changes in the next 6 months.\"<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Preparation<\/strong>: \"I am intending to make changes in the next month.\"<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Action<\/strong>: \"I have made changes in the last month and continue to make changes.\"<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Maintenance<\/strong>: \"I am managing my condition with my previous changes for more than 6 months.\"<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nOngoing management of a chronic disease can lead to burnout, and making dietary changes may be difficult for some clients. To help support them in making these changes, you may want to try:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Motivational interviewing:\u00a0<\/strong>collect their story, listen reflectively, collaborate rather than convince<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>[pb_glossary id=\"1443\"]SMART goal[\/pb_glossary] setting:\u00a0<\/strong>help to identify barriers to change as part of creating a nutrition care plan with the client<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Referral to social worker:<\/strong>\u00a0consider referring them to a social worker if they need someone to talk to about coping with the burden of managing a chronic disease<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div>Think about some SMART goals that you could set in collaboration with Christian.<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\">Christian's SMART Goals<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nHere are some SMART goals Christian could work on based on his diet history and our nutrition care plan. When making SMART goals, you can discuss potential barriers and strategies to overcome those barriers. It is important to make Christian feel motivated and confident that he can achieve these goals, but if he does not, that is something you can work on with him.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>I will go to bed at 11:00pm instead of 12:00am every night starting next Sunday.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>I will limit myself to one cup of coffee per day starting next Sunday.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>I will have one glass of red wine every other night instead of daily starting next Sunday.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>I will remove tomatoes, onions, garlic, cabbage, and spices from my diet for the next two weeks starting next Sunday.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>I will eat my lunch spread out over 30 minutes instead of 15 minutes starting next Sunday.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>I will keep a food journal documenting what I eat, drink, my environment, my symptoms and my bowel movements for two weeks starting next Sunday.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">PART 3: IMPLEMENT COMPLETE. Pause to reflect on the implementation strategies discussed. When you\u2019re ready, move on to Part 4: Evaluation.<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_80 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Page Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69df36f1c3cf7\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69df36f1c3cf7\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/chapter\/gi_out-implement\/#Interdisciplinary_Team\" >Interdisciplinary Team<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/chapter\/gi_out-implement\/#Liaising_with_Christians_Team\" >Liaising with Christian&#8217;s Team<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/chapter\/gi_out-implement\/#Education\" >Education<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/chapter\/gi_out-implement\/#Christians_Education\" >Christian&#8217;s Education<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/chapter\/gi_out-implement\/#Supporting_Change\" >Supporting Change<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/chapter\/gi_out-implement\/#Christians_SMART_Goals\" >Christian&#8217;s SMART Goals<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/dietmods\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/262\/2022\/02\/label_3-implement-1024x132.png\" alt=\"Step 3: Implement\" width=\"1024\" height=\"132\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1369 size-large\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/262\/2022\/02\/label_3-implement-1024x132.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/262\/2022\/02\/label_3-implement-300x39.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/262\/2022\/02\/label_3-implement-768x99.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/262\/2022\/02\/label_3-implement-1536x198.png 1536w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/262\/2022\/02\/label_3-implement-2048x264.png 2048w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/262\/2022\/02\/label_3-implement-65x8.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/262\/2022\/02\/label_3-implement-225x29.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/262\/2022\/02\/label_3-implement-350x45.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Interdisciplinary_Team\"><\/span>Interdisciplinary Team<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>When implementing your nutrition care plan, you may have to liaise with other members of the care team. You\u2019ll want to discuss the clients treatment plans, if you have a suggestion or document a new findings after your appointment with the client. You may consider asking the client if they would want to see a particular professional (such as a social worker), if you feel it may benefit their care or a concern that is outside of your scope of practice. Review the different professions listed below.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Physician or Nurse Practitioner<\/strong>: Assess patient needs, order and interpret lab work, diagnose, and prescribe treatment plans.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pharmacist<\/strong>: Advise on safe and effective medication to use for specific conditions and respond to patients symptoms by managing medications and their interactions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Social Worker<\/strong>: Provide counselling and identify sources of emotional support for patients and their families to cope with diagnoses or life stressors.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Psychiatrist<\/strong>: Provide counselling to assess both mental and physical aspects of psychological problems. Specializes in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gastroenterologist<\/strong>: Provide specific treatment and diagnosis of GI problems and diseases. First they will assess and consult regarding the client. Often involved when exploring concerning symptoms or administrating testing. They may provide a diagnosis or opinion immediately, or order testing and bloodwork to determine a diagnosis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Liaising_with_Christians_Team\"><\/span>Liaising with Christian&#8217;s Team<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><strong>Regarding supplements<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Christian is concerned about his iron and B12 values and is experiencing symptoms affecting his quality of life (i.e. headaches, fatigue, lightheadedness). He is interested in starting to incorporate a supplement, in hopes that it will contribute to a relief of his symptoms. He is open to exploring ways to improve this with diet in future appointments (e.g. exploring iron-rich foods), but for now he is most interested in supplements.<\/p>\n<p>To address Christian&#8217;s concerns, you:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Suggest the addition of an iron and vitamin B12 supplement<\/li>\n<li>Provide him with information on the potential GI side effects of iron (e.g. nausea, flatulence, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, and black stools)<\/li>\n<li>Suggest updated lab work for Christian after 3-4 months (typical timeline) to reassess related lab values and the effectiveness of the supplement (i.e. is Christian lacking the appropriate amount of iron or is there a possible absorption issue?)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In this case, you do not need to directly liaise with the team on initiation of these supplements, but you would note the addition of them to the clients care plan. If not already initiated, you may request that his physician provides a laboratory requisition (during the established timeframe) so that you can properly evaluate the use of the supplements on your clients values.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Education\"><\/span>Education<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>When implementing your plan with your client you may need to provide some education to them. When educating clients, try to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Individualize the education as much as possible:<\/strong> Discuss high-risk topic first since they are the priority, connect the client&#8217;s goals to your plan, and focus on what they want to learn.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Find out if patient has had previous education:<\/strong> Ask the client if any one else has talked to them, and adjust your education accordingly.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Focus on a few key messages: <span><\/span><\/strong>If the client is newly diagnosed or doesn\u2019t know much about the management of GERD or IBS, try not to overwhelm them with too much information during your first couple of interactions. Instead give them a few small goals or suggestions to start.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Think of some key messages you might want to speak to Christian about when providing education.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Christians_Education\"><\/span>Christian&#8217;s Education<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Review the education statements below. These are examples of what you may speak with Christian about in regards to his nutrition care plan. However, you may have brainstormed additional statements outside of these.<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%;height: 170px\">\n<caption>Key messages for education, by area of concern<\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px\">\n<th style=\"width: 12.3113%;height: 15px\" scope=\"col\">Area of Concern<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 94.8291%\"><strong>Key Messages for Education<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 87px\">\n<td style=\"width: 12.3113%;height: 87px\">Medication and supplements<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.8291%\">\n<ul>\n<li>Your vitamin B12 and iron laboratory values are low. The medication you are on for GERD puts you at risk for these nutrient deficiencies. You are also experiencing common symptoms associated with iron and B12 deficiency. Therefore, you may want to consider supplementation or dietary strategies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 12.3113%\">GERD &amp; IBS Management<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.8291%\">\n<ul>\n<li>For effective management of IBS and GERD, it is helpful for me to get a better representation of your dietary and lifestyle habits through a food symptom journal. Keep track of this for two weeks and try to provide as much detail as possible.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 17px\">\n<td style=\"width: 12.3113%;height: 17px\">Dietary choices<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.8291%\">\n<ul>\n<li>Alcohol and caffeine may be contributing to your symptoms. Although you are not ready to remove this entirely, you can consider reducing consumption to evaluate symptoms or removing them on a \u2018trial\u2019 basis.<\/li>\n<li>Some of your food choices are known \u2018triggers\u2019 for IBS and GERD. This includes tomatoes, onions, garlic, and spices. Start with removing these foods for two weeks and track your symptoms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 17px\">\n<td style=\"width: 12.3113%;height: 17px\">Lifestyle habits<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.8291%\">\n<ul>\n<li>Stress plays a role in the management of IBS and GERD. Getting an extra hour of sleep could help reduce your stress and is good for your overall health.<\/li>\n<li>Consuming meals or beverages quickly can contribute to reflux symptoms. Try to slow down when you are eating your meals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Supporting_Change\"><\/span>Supporting Change<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p><span><a href=\"https:\/\/sphweb.bumc.bu.edu\/otlt\/mph-modules\/sb\/behavioralchangetheories\/behavioralchangetheories6.html\">Prochaska and DiClemente&#8217;s transtheoretical model<\/a> (also known as &#8220;stages of change&#8221;) can be a useful tool in assessing your client\u2019s willingness to change. These \u201cstages\u201d can be used during charting and PES statements. The five stages are listed below with corresponding statements:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Precontemplation<\/strong>: &#8220;I am not ready for change.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Contemplation<\/strong>: &#8220;I am intending to make changes in the next 6 months.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Preparation<\/strong>: &#8220;I am intending to make changes in the next month.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Action<\/strong>: &#8220;I have made changes in the last month and continue to make changes.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Maintenance<\/strong>: &#8220;I am managing my condition with my previous changes for more than 6 months.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ongoing management of a chronic disease can lead to burnout, and making dietary changes may be difficult for some clients. To help support them in making these changes, you may want to try:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Motivational interviewing:\u00a0<\/strong>collect their story, listen reflectively, collaborate rather than convince<\/li>\n<li><strong><button class=\"glossary-term\" aria-describedby=\"130-1443\">SMART goal<\/button> setting:\u00a0<\/strong>help to identify barriers to change as part of creating a nutrition care plan with the client<\/li>\n<li><strong>Referral to social worker:<\/strong>\u00a0consider referring them to a social worker if they need someone to talk to about coping with the burden of managing a chronic disease<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>Think about some SMART goals that you could set in collaboration with Christian.<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Christians_SMART_Goals\"><\/span>Christian&#8217;s SMART Goals<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Here are some SMART goals Christian could work on based on his diet history and our nutrition care plan. When making SMART goals, you can discuss potential barriers and strategies to overcome those barriers. It is important to make Christian feel motivated and confident that he can achieve these goals, but if he does not, that is something you can work on with him.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I will go to bed at 11:00pm instead of 12:00am every night starting next Sunday.<\/li>\n<li>I will limit myself to one cup of coffee per day starting next Sunday.<\/li>\n<li>I will have one glass of red wine every other night instead of daily starting next Sunday.<\/li>\n<li>I will remove tomatoes, onions, garlic, cabbage, and spices from my diet for the next two weeks starting next Sunday.<\/li>\n<li>I will eat my lunch spread out over 30 minutes instead of 15 minutes starting next Sunday.<\/li>\n<li>I will keep a food journal documenting what I eat, drink, my environment, my symptoms and my bowel movements for two weeks starting next Sunday.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">PART 3: IMPLEMENT COMPLETE. Pause to reflect on the implementation strategies discussed. When you\u2019re ready, move on to Part 4: Evaluation.<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"glossary\"><div class=\"glossary__tooltip\" id=\"130-1443\" hidden><p>Goals that are <strong>S<\/strong>pecific,<strong> M<\/strong>easurable, \u00a0<strong>A<\/strong>chievable,\u00a0<strong>R<\/strong>elevant, and\u00a0<strong>T<\/strong>ime-bound.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"author":315,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-130","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":106,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/130","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/315"}],"version-history":[{"count":24,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/130\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2425,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/130\/revisions\/2425"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/106"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/130\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=130"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=130"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=130"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/dietmods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=130"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}