{"id":93,"date":"2019-06-20T18:43:57","date_gmt":"2019-06-20T18:43:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/digcit\/?post_type=back-matter&p=93"},"modified":"2019-06-20T18:43:57","modified_gmt":"2019-06-20T18:43:57","slug":"glossary","status":"publish","type":"back-matter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/digcit\/back-matter\/glossary\/","title":{"raw":"Glossary","rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"raw":"","rendered":"
\n
Aggregator<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

A republisher of information originating from other sources. Republishers like Facebook use an algorithm to determine what content to display.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Algorithm<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

A set of rules used to calculate an answer to a query, or question. Web search engines use highly complex search algorithms.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Black Box<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

A way to describe a device that is characterized by its inputs and outputs and where the calculations at work are hidden. An algorithm is a kind of black box.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Clickbait<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Online content with an intriguing title or pitch but insubstantial content. A product of the contemporary digital information environment.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Confirmation Bias<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The tendency to selectively search for and interpret information in a way that confirms one\u2019s own pre-existing beliefs and ideas.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Content Mill<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

A disreputable type of online publication where writers are often anonymous and content is produced quickly and often without verification of facts.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Critical Thinking<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgement.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Cyberchondria<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Anxiety produced by browsing online medical information.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Digital Capabilities<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Those capabilities which fit an individual for living, learning and working in a digital society<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Digital Footprint<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The trail of \u2018electronic breadcrumbs\u2019 you leave behind you as you use the internet both intentionally but also unintentionally.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Digital Identity<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
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Refers to your \u201conline self\u201d, the electronic representation of who you are.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Digital Literacy<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The ability to understand and use information in multiple formats from a wide range of sources when it is presented via computers<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Digital Native or Net Generation<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The idea that a person who has been born or brought up during the age of digital technology will be familiar with computers and the Internet from an early age.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Digital Self<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The way you use the range of technologies and digital tools you use in different aspects of your life<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Digitally Mediated Communication Space<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Any online location or platform that can be used to communicate with others. Examples include Gmail, Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat, WordPress, and Tumblr.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Echo Chamber<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

An online environment that reinforces pre-existing biases and beliefs.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Evaluative Literacy<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The ability to assess information, especially by contextualizing, critiquing, and confirming its truthfulness.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Fake News<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Misleading or biased information, usually political in nature, enabled by digital forms of information sharing.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Index<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

For search engines, an index is a collection of webpage information compiled by spiders and used to generate search results.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Inlink<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

A hyperlink connecting one webpage to another. If site A links to site B, that counts as one inlink for site B.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Intellectual Property<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

An original work or invention to which an individual or company has rights. For example, a research paper that you write for class is an original work and you own the copyright to that paper; no one else can use your paper unless they cite you. Depending on copyright law where you live, you may also be able to apply for a patent, copyright, trademark, etc. for your original work.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Lateral Reading<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Fact-checking by reading contextually about a website.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Metaliteracy<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The ability to identify gaps in one\u2019s own knowledge, understanding, or literacy skills.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Metanarrative<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

From postmodern theory, a grand, overarching story of the way the world functions, which is used to explain and justify; a narrative about narratives.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

PageRank<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

An initial rule used in Google\u2019s algorithm where webpage relevance is determined by inlinks.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Positionality<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The notion that personal values, views, identity, and location in time and space influence how one understands the world.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Propaganda<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote a political cause or a particular point of view.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Search Engine Optimization (SEO)<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The practise of editing a website to improve Web search-result ranking.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

SMART Goals<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Goals that are Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-bound.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Spider<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Also called a crawler or a robot, this snippet of code is used by search engines to webpages and retrieve information for the index.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Typology<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Classification based on types or categories. For example, linguistic typology classifies languages according to their structure.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"back-matter-type":[37],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-93","back-matter","type-back-matter","status-publish","hentry","back-matter-type-glossary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/digcit\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/93","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/digcit\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/digcit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/back-matter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/digcit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/digcit\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/93\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":94,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/digcit\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/93\/revisions\/94"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/digcit\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/93\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/digcit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=93"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"back-matter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/digcit\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter-type?post=93"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/digcit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=93"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/digcit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=93"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}