{"id":89,"date":"2019-07-22T14:58:14","date_gmt":"2019-07-22T14:58:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=89"},"modified":"2020-10-06T13:43:45","modified_gmt":"2020-10-06T13:43:45","slug":"adobe-indesign","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/chapter\/adobe-indesign\/","title":{"raw":"Adobe InDesign CS6 and CC","rendered":"Adobe InDesign CS6 and CC"},"content":{"raw":"[rl_collapsible_section title=\"Usage Notes\" title-tag=\"h2\" collapsed=\"no\"]\r\n\r\nAt the time of testing, Adobe InDesign CS6 (April 2013) and Adobe InDesign Creative Cloud  2019 (December 2019) provide a set of accessibility features that are sufficient to enable the production of accessible digital documents.\r\n<h3>What is \"InDesign\"?<\/h3>\r\nYou should use the technique below when you are using InDesign to create documents that are:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Intended to be used by people <em>(i.e., not computer code<\/em>),<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Text and Image based (<em>intended for design<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Fully printable and can be digitized<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Creative design (<em>layout, e.g., books, packages, poster, interactive web<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nNote: InDesign is best for print design, but there are also options of doing web and digital publishing. If you are creating forms, web pages, applications, or other dynamic and\/or interactive content, the techniques below will be useful, but consult the W3C-WAI Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.0) because these are specifically designed to provide guidance for highly dynamic and\/or interactive content.\r\n<h3>File Formats<\/h3>\r\nThe default file format for InDesign is <strong>(.indd)<\/strong>.\r\n\r\nIn addition, InDesign offers many other web format saving options. Most of these have not been checked for accessibility.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>ePub<\/li>\r\n \t<li>PDF (print and interactive)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Flash Player SWF (for interactive)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>HTML, XHTML<\/li>\r\n \t<li>XML<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Document Conventions<\/h3>\r\nWe have tried to formulate these techniques so that they are useful to all authors, regardless if they use a mouse. However, there are several instances where mouse-only language is used for clarity purposes . Below are the mouse-only terms and their keyboard alternatives:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>*Right-click: To right-click with the keyboard, select the object using the Shift+Arrow keys and then press either (1) the \u201cRight-Click\u201d key (<em>some keyboard have this to the right of the spacebar<\/em>) or Shift+F10.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4>Disclaimer and Testing Details:<\/h4>\r\nFollowing these techniques will increase the accessibility of your documents, but it does not guarantee accessibility to any specific disability groups. In cases where more certainty is required, it is recommended that you test the documents with end users with disabilities, including screen reader users.\r\n\r\n[\/rl_collapsible_section]\r\n\r\n[rl_collapsible_section title=\"Technique 1. Use Accessible Templates\" title-tag=\"h2\"]\r\n\r\nInDesign starts with a simple blank page that can be adjusted to any size. There are no build-in templates for InDesign. However, you can create your own templates from scratch or download already made templates from Adobe.\r\n\r\nTemplates provide the starting point for documents, so accessibility is critical. If you are unsure whether a template is accessible, check the document using Acrobat Pro. Export the file and use the Accessibility Checker in Acrobat Pro.\r\n<h4>To create an accessible template<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong>File<\/strong> &gt; <strong>New<\/strong> &gt; <strong>New Document<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox\">Keyboard shortcut: Ctrl + N (<em>on Windows<\/em>) and Cmd + N (<em>on Mac<\/em>)<\/div>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Select <em>print, web,<\/em> or <em>mobile<\/em> and <strong>Page Size <\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Uncheck<\/strong> the <strong>Facing Pages box<\/strong> if your document is <strong>NOT<\/strong> intended to be in <strong>book format<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong>OK\r\n<\/strong><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/New.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the changes that should occur within the new document dialog box.\" width=\"604\" height=\"543\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" class=\"alignnone\" \/><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Editor's note: <\/strong>Adobe InDesign CC users will see a different version of the dialog box with the same menu items.\r\n\r\n<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-new-doc-1024x611.png\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the changes that should occur within the new document dialog box.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"611\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-1986\" \/>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h4>To Saving File as a Template<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Select file<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Save <\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox\">Keyboard shortcut: Ctrl + S (<em>on Windows<\/em>) and Cmd + S (<em>on Mac<\/em>)<\/div>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Insert file name and under <strong>Save as type<\/strong> select <strong>CS6 InDesign template<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong><strong>Save<\/strong><\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Editor's note:<\/strong> InDesign CC, users will see the following dialog box.\r\n\r\n<strong><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-save-as-template.png\" alt=\"Image demonstrates where the \u201csave type\u201d is located in the \u201csave as\u201d dialog box. \" width=\"840\" height=\"469\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1987\" \/><\/strong>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[\/rl_collapsible_section]\r\n\r\n[rl_collapsible_section title=\"Technique 2. Specify Document Language\" title-tag=\"h2\" collapsed=\"yes\"]\r\n\r\nThe language setting in InDesign will set language within the program only. This language setting in InDesign will not carry over to the exported PDF. Be sure to set the document language in Adobe Acrobat after exporting to PDF.\r\n<h4>To specify the document language for an exported PDF<\/h4>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Choose <strong>File<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Export<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Specify a name and location for the file. For Compatibility, choose the lowest PDF version necessary to open the files you create.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>For <strong>Save As<\/strong> <em>Type<\/em> (Windows) or <em>Format<\/em> (Mac OS), choose <strong>Adobe PDF (Print)<\/strong>, and then click <strong>Save<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Find the <strong>Advanced <\/strong>tab, and go to <strong>Accessibility Options.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Under <strong>Language<\/strong>, choose the document language for the PDF. This determines the default language for the exported PDF.\r\n<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/inddCC-language.png\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the Accessibility Options under the Advanced settings section of the Export Adobe PDF dialog box.\" width=\"670\" height=\"664\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1988\" \/><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/rl_collapsible_section]\r\n\r\n[rl_collapsible_section title=\"Technique 3. Creating Artifacts for Objects\" title-tag=\"h2\" collapsed=\"yes\"]\r\n\r\nThe <strong>artifact<\/strong> tag allows users to hide items on the page, such as page numbers or unimportant objects, when viewing the exported PDF file in Reflow view, which displays only tagged items. This is also useful when viewing PDF files on a mobile device or in other PDF readers.\r\n\r\nThere are two options to creating artifacts:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Option 1 uses Object Export Options Dialog box where the user select the images in the document individually and add artifact.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Option 2 uses Tag pane where the users individually select the object and add the required tagging.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><a id=\"indd-alt-text\"><\/a>Artifact Option 1<\/h3>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Select the image or object<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong>Object<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Object Export Options <\/strong><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/ALT-cs6.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the location of \u201cObject Export Options\u201d dialog box.\" width=\"578\" height=\"510\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong>Tagged PDF<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Apply Tag<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Choose either <strong>Artifact<\/strong> or <strong>Based on Object<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong>Done\r\n<\/strong> <img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/ALT2.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the changes that should occur under &quot;Tagged PDF&quot; in the &quot;Object Export Options&quot; box.\" width=\"581\" height=\"389\" \/><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h3>Artifact Option 2<\/h3>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Select the object or artifact<\/li>\r\n \t<li>In <strong>Tag pane <\/strong>select <strong>Artifact\r\n<\/strong><em>Note:<\/em> to view Tags Panel: (<strong>Window<\/strong> &gt;<strong> Utilities <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Tags<\/strong>)\r\n<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/artifact.jpg\" alt=\"Image of Tag pane\" width=\"337\" height=\"378\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/>\r\n<em>Note:<\/em> for more detail information on tagging and structure pane see <a href=\"#cs7\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Technique 7<\/a><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/rl_collapsible_section]\r\n\r\n<a id=\"cs4\"><\/a>[rl_collapsible_section title=\"Technique 4. Alternative Text for Images and Graphical Objects\" title-tag=\"h2\" collapsed=\"yes\"]\r\n\r\nWhen using images or other graphical objects, such as graphs, shapes, and background, it is important to ensure that the information you intend to convey using the image is also conveyed to people who cannot see the image. This can be accomplished by adding concise alternative text to each image.\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\r\n<h4>Tips for Writing Alternative Text<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Try to answer the question \u201cwhat information is the image conveying?\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>If the image does not convey any useful information, leave the alternative text blank and create an artifact (e.g., background images should generally have no alt text, other decorative images should only have alt text if they form a crucial part of the content, message, and purpose of the document).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>If the image contains meaningful text, ensure all of the text is replicated.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>For logos, the alternative text should be the organization's name.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>For groups of logos, one logo can be chosen to represent the group.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Sometimes text is included as part of a logo or footer image (e.g. the image might contain a phone number), this text should be set as the alternative text of the image.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Alternative text should be fairly short, usually a sentence or less and rarely more than two sentences.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Test by having others review the document with the images replaced by the alternative text.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\r\n<h4>Tips for writing longer descriptions<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Long descriptions should be used when text alternatives (<em>see above<\/em>) are insufficient to answer the question \"what information is the image conveying?\"<\/li>\r\n \t<li>In some situations, the information being conveyed will be how an image looks (<em>e.g., an artwork, architectural detail, etc.<\/em>). In these cases, try to describe the image without making too many of your own assumptions.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>One approach is to imagine you are describing the image to a person over the phone<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Ensure that you still provide concise alternative text to help readers decide if they are interested in the longer description.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\nThere are two options to add Alternative Text to images Option one uses the <strong>Object Export Options<\/strong> dialog box where the user select the images in the document individually and add the alternative text. Option two uses Structure panel that create attribute to individual images.\r\n\r\nWhen you export the document, the alt text you've assigned will travel with the image.\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Select the image or object<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong>Object<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Object Export Options <\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h4>To add alternative text to images (Option 1)<\/h4>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong>Alt Text<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Alt Text Source<\/strong> drop down menu<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Choose <strong>Custom\r\n<\/strong><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/ALT1.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the changes that should occur under &quot;Alt Text&quot; in the &quot;Object Export Options&quot; box.\" width=\"573\" height=\"384\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Type the description in the box below<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong>Done <\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h4>To add alternative text to images (Option 2 - Using Structure Panel)<\/h4>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li><strong>Structure Panel<\/strong> (<strong>View<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Structure<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Show Structure<\/strong>)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select the Figure in the panel.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select <img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/3LINEbutton.jpg\" alt=\"Image of a button.\" width=\"25\" height=\"17\" \/>  or <img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-11-26-at-3.57.51-PM.png\" alt=\"Image of a button with three stripes.\" width=\"22\" height=\"19\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1989\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong>New Attribute\r\n<\/strong><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/ALT3.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the location of \u201cNew Attribute\u201d dialog box.\" width=\"508\" height=\"199\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Insert <strong>Alt<\/strong> (case sensitive) under <strong>Name <\/strong>(Note: You <em>must use a capital \"A\" and lowercase \"lt\" to be valid<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Place the descriptions under <strong>Value\r\n<\/strong><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/ALT4.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the changes that should occur within the \u201cNew Attribute\u201d dialog box.\" width=\"496\" height=\"223\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[\/rl_collapsible_section]\r\n\r\n<a id=\"cs5\"><\/a>[rl_collapsible_section title=\"Technique 5. Creating Paragraph Styles\" title-tag=\"h2\" collapsed=\"yes\"]\r\n\r\nAny document that is longer than a few paragraphs require structure to make them more straightforward for readers to understand. Creating Paragraph styles will set the headings and style for the document. It will also help in creating a Table of Contents. The structural elements that indicate order and level provide a meaningful sequence to users of assistive technologies.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong>Paragraph Styles<\/strong> (<em>in typography workspace<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox\">Keyboard shortcut: F11 (<em>on Windows<\/em>) Cmd + F11 (<em>on Mac<\/em>)<\/div>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Select <img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/3LINEbutton.jpg\" alt=\"Image of a button.\" width=\"25\" height=\"17\" \/> or <img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-11-26-at-3.57.51-PM.png\" alt=\"Image of a button with three stripes.\" width=\"22\" height=\"19\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1989\" \/> in the top right corner for more options.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong>New Paragraph Style... <\/strong><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Style.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the location of \u201cnew paragraph style\u201d dialog box.\" width=\"662\" height=\"526\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong>General <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Style Name<\/strong> and insert a title for the style (<em>e.g., header, body text, caption .etc<\/em>)<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Style1_0.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the change that should occur in the paragraph style dialog box.\" width=\"657\" height=\"538\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong>Basic Character Formats<\/strong> located in the left side pane<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Choose the font, font style and the size<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/rl_collapsible_section]\r\n\r\n[rl_collapsible_section title=\"Technique 6. Creating Accessible Tables\" title-tag=\"h2\" collapsed=\"yes\"]\r\n\r\nWhen using tables, it is important to ensure that they are clear and appropriately structured. This helps all users to better understand the information in the table and allows assistive technologies (<em>e.g., screen readers<\/em>) to provide context so that the information within the table can be conveyed in a meaningful way.\r\n\r\nWhen creating accessible tables in InDesign, there are some things to keep in mind:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Be sure to add alternative text to facilitate understanding of the table (see <a href=\"#indd-alt-text\">Technique 3<\/a>).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>After converting your InDesign document to PDF, be sure to review the document in Adobe Acrobat and ensure that the table is properly tagged.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\r\n<h4>Tips for tables<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Only use tables for tabular information, not for formatting, such as to position columns.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Use \"real tables\" rather than text formatted to look like tables using the TAB key or space bar. These will not be recognized by assistive technology.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Keep tables simple by avoiding merged cells and dividing complex data sets into separate smaller tables, where possible.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>If tables split across pages, set the header to show at the top of each page. Also set the table to break between rows instead of in the middle of rows.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Create a text summary of the essential table contents. Any abbreviations used should be explained in the summary.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Table captions or descriptions should answer the question \"what is the table's purpose and how is it organized?\" (<em>e.g., \"A sample order form with separate columns for the item name, price and quantity\"<\/em>).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Table header cell labels should be concise and clear.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h4>To create tables<\/h4>\r\n<div class=\"textbox\">Keyboard short cut: Ctrl + Alt + Shift + T <em>(on Windows)<\/em>, Cmd + Shift + Option + T<em> (on Mac)<\/em><\/div>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Create a table, go to <strong>Table<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Create Table<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Insert <strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Body Rows<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> and <\/span><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Columns\r\n<\/strong><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Table-1.jpg\" alt=\"Image show &quot;Insert Table&quot; dialog box.\" width=\"438\" height=\"271\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">OK<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h4>To convert Text (with tabs) to a Table<\/h4>\r\nIf you have created text with tabs. To convert the text to a table:\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Select all the text<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Table<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Convert To Table <\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Column Separator <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Tab<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong>OK\r\n<\/strong><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/texttotable.jpg\" alt=\"Image show &quot;convert text to table&quot; dialog box.\" width=\"506\" height=\"222\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h4>Removing Table Lines<\/h4>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Place the Type cursor on top of the table until the cursor changes to an upside down black arrow.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Click and drag the cursor to select all of the chart (<em>or part of the chart<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>In the top navigation. It\u2019ll show a line box where you can choose which side you would like to remove the line from.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Once selected. Click on the \"<strong>None<\/strong>\" outline button\r\n<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Table_0.jpg\" alt=\"Image locate how to removed line from table.\" width=\"246\" height=\"296\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h4>Repeat table header<\/h4>\r\nIf you have a table that spans more than one page or spread, it's important to ensure that table headers are repeated to facilitate understanding of the content.\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Go to <strong>Table<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Table Options<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Table Setup...<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>The <strong>Table Options <\/strong>dialog box appears.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Under the <strong>Table<\/strong> <strong>Setup <\/strong>tab, indicate the number of <strong>Header Rows<\/strong>, under Table Dimensions.<\/li>\r\n \t<li> Next, go to the <strong>Headers and Footers<\/strong> tab.  Here you can indicate if you would like your table header repeated on every page, column, or frame.\r\n<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd-table-headers.png\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the Table Options dialog box, with the Repeat Header options are displayed. \" width=\"611\" height=\"559\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1993\" \/><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/rl_collapsible_section]\r\n\r\n<a id=\"cs7\"><\/a>[rl_collapsible_section title=\"Technique 7. Tagging Items\" title-tag=\"h2\" collapsed=\"yes\"]\r\n\r\nTagging items will help assistive technologies (<em>e.g., screen readers<\/em>) to locate the logical order of the assigned headings. Also, when exporting the document to a PDF, the tagging will automatically be embedded, therefore, the user does not need to apply tagging in Acrobat.\r\n<h4>To quickly tag the items in the file<\/h4>\r\n<em>Note:<\/em> This does not tag all content correctly. To correctly tag all content, you would have to assign the tags manually (see <a href=\"#tagmanual\">To Assign Tags Manually<\/a>).\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Structure Panel (<strong>View<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Structure<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Show Structure<\/strong>)\r\nkeyboard shortcut Alt + Ctrl + 1 (on Window), Cmd + Option + 1 (on Mac)\r\n<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Structure.jpg\" alt=\"Image show the location of Structure Panel.\" width=\"506\" height=\"455\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li>In the structure pane click the three line button and choose <strong>Add Untagged Items<\/strong><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Structure1.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates how to add tag to untagged items. \" width=\"442\" height=\"538\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h4>To view which items have been tagged<\/h4>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li><strong>View<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Structure <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Show Tagged Frames<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>The boxes will be coloured according to the tagging in the <strong>Tags Panel<\/strong>. (<strong>Window<\/strong> &gt;<strong> Utilities <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Tags<\/strong>)<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Tag_0.jpg\" alt=\"Image show the tagged item in the file. \" width=\"713\" height=\"590\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/>\r\n<em>Note:<\/em> You must be in preview mode (<em style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">keyboard shortcut <\/em>W<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">) to view the tagged items.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h4><a id=\"tagmanual\"><\/a>To Assign Tags Manually (and correctly)<\/h4>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Tag pane (<strong>Window<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Utilities <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Tags<\/strong>)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Click <img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/3LINEbutton.jpg\" alt=\"Image of a button.\" width=\"25\" height=\"17\" \/> &gt;<strong> Map Style to Tags...\r\n<\/strong><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Tag1.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates where the \u201cMap Style to Tags\u201d is located in the Tags pane.\" width=\"454\" height=\"383\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select the style and change <strong>[Not Mapped]<\/strong> to a<strong> heading title <\/strong>(<em>e.g. H, H1, H2 etc.<\/em>).<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Tag2.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the changes that can occur in the \u201cMap Style to Tags\u201d dialog box.\" width=\"608\" height=\"497\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h4>Option 2: Export Tagging (manually assign tagging)<\/h4>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Double click on the paragraph style (<em>e.g., \"heading\"<\/em>).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>In the dialog box <strong>Paragraph Style Options<\/strong> choose <strong>Export tagging<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Under PDF &gt; <strong>Tag:<\/strong> select the appropriate heading title (<em>e.g. style name: heading &amp; Tag: H<\/em>).<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/alt-text.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates location of tag with in the paragraph style options dialog box.\" width=\"672\" height=\"539\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/>\r\n<em>Note:<\/em> To make the reading order and tags easier to manage make thread text boxes. If possible make one text box per page.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/rl_collapsible_section]\r\n\r\n[rl_collapsible_section title=\"Technique 8. Creating Table of Contents\" title-tag=\"h2\" collapsed=\"yes\"]\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Create a paragraph style (see <a href=\"#cs5\">Technique 5<\/a>)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>For all the contents in the table of contents assign the title to the style \"TOC\"<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/TOC1.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the changes that should be made to create the \u201ctable of contents\u201d contents.\" width=\"660\" height=\"269\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/>\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Optional:<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> creating another style for the body of the table of content <\/span>once all the contents are in the style of \"TOC\"<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Select <strong>Layout <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Table of Contents...<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Under <strong>Other Styles<\/strong> select the style<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select the<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> &lt;&lt; Add <\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">button to transfer the style to Include Paragraph Styles:<\/span><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/TOC2_0.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates how to create table of contents.\" width=\"643\" height=\"438\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Optional<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">: to change the body of the table of contents to a different style than the header of the table of contents. Select <\/span><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">entry style<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> and change <\/span><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">same style<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> to another style.<\/span><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/TOC3.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates how to change the table of contents body to a different style.\" width=\"652\" height=\"536\" style=\"font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;font-size: 1.80225em;font-weight: bold\" \/>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Drag the cursor to create a large box for the table of content.\r\n<em>Note:<\/em> The table of contents will automatically create the title, contents and page numbers.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>8.1 Columns<\/h3>\r\nUse Columns feature for placing text in columns instead of creating multiple text boxes.\r\n<h3>8.2 Use Page Numbering<\/h3>\r\nNumbering the pages of your document helps those reading and editing your document effectively navigate and reference its content. For users of assistive technologies, it provides a valuable point of reference within the document.\r\n<h3>8.3 Naming PDF before exporting<\/h3>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li><strong>File <\/strong>&gt; <strong>File Info\r\n<\/strong>keyboard shortcut: Ctrl + Alt + Shift + I (on Window), Cmd + Shift + Option + I (on Mac)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Descriptions<\/strong> &gt;<strong> Document title: <\/strong>Insert the file title\r\n<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd-file-info.png\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the change or changes that can occur in the &quot;File Info&quot; box.\" width=\"639\" height=\"678\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1996\" \/>\r\n<em>Note:<\/em> You can also fill in the author's name and description.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/rl_collapsible_section]\r\n\r\n[rl_collapsible_section title=\"Technique 9. Make Content Easier to See\" title-tag=\"h2\" collapsed=\"yes\"]\r\nHere are some other things to keep in mind:\r\n<h3>9.1 Format of Text<\/h3>\r\nWhen formatting text, especially when the text is likely to printed, try to:\r\n<ul type=\"disc\">\r\n \t<li>Use font sizes between 12 and 15 points for body text.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Use fonts of normal weight, rather than bold or light weight fonts. If you do choose to use bold fonts for emphasis, use them sparingly.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Use standard fonts with clear spacing and easily recognized upper and lower case characters. Sans serif fonts (e.g., Arial, Verdana) may sometimes be easier to read than serif fonts (e.g., Times New Roman, Garamond).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Avoid large amounts of text set all in caps, italic or underlined.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Use normal or expanded character spacing, rather than condensed spacing.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Avoid animated or scrolling text.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>But can\u2019t users just zoom in?<\/strong> Because printing is an important aspect of many workflows and changing font sizes directly will change documents details such the pagination, the layout of tables, etc., it is best practice to always format text for a reasonable degree of accessibility.\r\n<h3>9.2 Use Sufficient Contrast<\/h3>\r\nThe visual presentation of text and images of text should have a contrast ration of at least 4.5:1. To help you determine the contrast, here are some examples on a white background:\r\n<ul type=\"disc\">\r\n \t<li>Very good contrast (Foreground=black, Background=white, Ratio=21:1)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Acceptable contrast (Foreground=#767676, Background=white, Ratio=4.54:1)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Unacceptable contrast (Foreground=#AAAAAA, Background=white, Ratio=2.32:1)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nAlso, always use a single solid color for a text background rather than a pattern.\r\n\r\nIn order to determine whether the colors in your document have sufficient contrast, you can consult an online contrast checker, such as:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/webaim.org\/resources\/contrastchecker\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">WebAIM: Contrast Checker<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/juicystudio.com\/services\/luminositycontrastratio.php\">Juicy Studio: Luminosity Color Contrast Ratio Analyzer<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.joedolson.com\/color-contrast-tester.php\">Joe Dolson Color Contrast Spectrum Tester<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.joedolson.com\/color-contrast-compare.php\">Joe Dolson Color Contrast Comparison<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>9.3 Avoid Using Color Alone<\/h3>\r\nColor should not be used as the only visual means of conveying information, indicating an action, prompting a response, or distinguishing a visual element. In order to spot where color might be the only visual means of conveying information, you can create a screenshot of the document and then view it with online gray-scale converting tools, such as:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>GrayBit v2.0: Grayscale Conversion Contrast Accessibility Tool<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Editor's note: <\/strong>GrayBit v2.0 is no longer available. However, multiple tools can be found online: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=convert+image+to+grayscale+online\">Google Search: gray-scale conversion tool<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h3>9.4 Avoid Relying on Sensory Characteristics<\/h3>\r\nThe instructions provided for understanding and operating content should not rely solely on sensory characteristics such as the color or shape of content elements. Here are two examples:\r\n<ul type=\"disc\">\r\n \t<li>Do not track changes by simply changing the color of text you have edited and noting the color. Instead use <a href=\"https:\/\/helpx.adobe.com\/ca\/indesign\/using\/tracking-reviewing-changes.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">InDesign's \"Track Changes\" feature<\/a> to track changes.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Do not distinguish between images by referring to their appearance (e.g., \"the bigger one\"). Instead, label each image with a figure number and use that for references.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>9.5 Avoid Using Images of Text<\/h3>\r\nBefore you use an image to control the presentation of text (e.g., to ensure a certain font or color combination), consider whether you can achieve the same result by styling \"real text\". If this is not possible, as with logos containing stylized text, make sure to provide alternative text for the image following the techniques noted above.\r\n[\/rl_collapsible_section]\r\n\r\n[rl_collapsible_section title=\"Technique 10. Make Content Easier to Understand\" title-tag=\"h2\" collapsed=\"yes\"]\r\n<h3>Write Clearly<\/h3>\r\nBy taking the time to design your content in a consistent way, it will be easier to access, navigate and interpret for all users:\r\n<ul type=\"disc\">\r\n \t<li>Whenever possible, write clearly with short sentences.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Introduce acronyms and spell out abbreviations.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Avoid making the document too \"busy\" by using lots of whitespace and by avoiding too many different colors, fonts and images.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>If content is repeated on multiple pages within a document or within a set of documents (e.g., headings, footings, etc.), it should occur consistently each time it is repeated.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[\/rl_collapsible_section]\r\n\r\n<a id=\"indd-checker\"><\/a>[rl_collapsible_section title=\"Accessibility Checker\" title-tag=\"h2\" collapsed=\"yes\"]\r\n\r\nTo check for accessibility, first, the InDesign file must be exported to a PDF and viewed in Acrobat Pro.\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li><strong>File <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Export <\/strong>(keyboard shortcut: <em>Windows:<\/em> Ctrl + E; <em>Mac: <\/em>Cmd + E)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Save as:<\/strong> PDF (Interactive or Print)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select<strong> Save<\/strong> <img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Export.jpg\" alt=\"Image show \u201cExport\u201d dialog box.\" width=\"618\" height=\"544\" \/><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h4>To evaluate PDF accessibility in Adobe Acrobat Professional<\/h4>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Go to menu item: <strong>Advanced &gt; Accessibility &gt; Full Check\u2026<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>In the <strong>Full Check<\/strong> dialog, select all the checking option<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Select the <strong>Start Checking<\/strong> button<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Editor's note: <\/strong>For detailed instructions, see our section on <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/chapter\/adobe-acrobat-11-pro-and-dc\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">how to check accessibility using Adobe Acrobat Professional<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h5>Using the Acrobat 10 Action Wizard<\/h5>\r\nIn Acrobat 10 Pro, there is a special accessibility Action Wizard for InDesign CS6 where the user can follow to make the file accessible.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>To Follow the Action Wizard in Acrobat 10: select <strong>Tools<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Action Wizard<\/strong><strong>&gt; InDesign (CS6) Accessibility Touch up<\/strong>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Editor's note: <\/strong>At the time of testing (December 2019), we were not able to download and use the Acrobat 10 Action Wizard. If you do already have the required application, see <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/accessibility\/products\/indesign\/acrobat-x-action-wizard.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">how to use the Action Wizard for InDesign<\/a> for more details.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n[\/rl_collapsible_section]\r\n\r\n[rl_collapsible_section title=\"Accessibility Help\" title-tag=\"h2\" collapsed=\"yes\"]\r\n\r\nIf you are interested in what features are provided to make using InDesign more accessible to users, documentation is provided in the Help button or the search bar.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/accessibility\/products\/indesign.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adobe InDesign Accessibility<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/content\/dam\/acom\/en\/products\/indesign\/pdfs\/creating-accessible-pdf-documentw-with-adobe-indesign-cs6-v3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Creating accessible PDF documents with Adobe InDesign CS6 (PDF)<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[\/rl_collapsible_section]\r\n\r\n[rl_collapsible_section title=\"References and Resources\" title-tag=\"h2\" collapsed=\"yes\"]\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/helpx.adobe.com\/ca\/indesign\/tutorials.html\">Adobe InDesign Tutorials<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/accessibility\/products\/indesign\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adobe InDesign Accessibility<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/helpx.adobe.com\/indesign\/indesign-cs6-tutorials.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adobe InDesign CS6 tutorials<\/a><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"><\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/helpx.adobe.com\/ca\/indesign\/using\/exporting-publishing-pdf.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adobe InDesign: Export to PDF<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washington.edu\/accessibility\/documents\/indesign\/\">Creating Accessible PDFs from Adobe InDesign (University of Washington)<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">[\/rl_collapsible_section]<\/span>\r\n\r\n[rl_collapsible_section title=\"Acknowledgments\" title-tag=\"h2\" collapsed=\"yes\"]\r\n\r\n<strong>Authors:<\/strong> Vellicia Christanto, Jan Richards\r\n\r\nThis document was produced as part of the <a href=\"https:\/\/adod.idrc.ocadu.ca\">Accessible Digital Office Document (ADOD) Project<\/a>.\r\n\r\nThis project has been developed by the Inclusive Design Research Centre, OCAD University as part of an EnAbling Change Partnership project with the Government of Ontario and UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization).\r\n\r\n<img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/partners.png\" alt=\"Partner logos: UNESCO-United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, the Government of Ontario and the Inclusive Design Research Centre (OCAD University)\" width=\"626\" height=\"166\" \/>\r\n[\/rl_collapsible_section]\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/adod.idrc.ocadu.ca\/indesigncs6.html\">Authoring Techniques for Accessible Office Documents: Adobe InDesign CS6<\/a> by the <a href=\"https:\/\/idrc.ocadu.ca\/\">Inclusive Design Research Centre (IDRC)<\/a> used under <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/\">CC-BY-SA 3.0<\/a>.","rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: right\"><button class=\"rl-collapsible-section-toggle-button\">Expand \/ Collapse All<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section \">\n<h2 class=\"rl-collapsible-section-title\"><button aria-expanded=\"true\">Usage Notes<span class=\"rl-collapsible-section-button-indicator\"><\/span><\/button><\/h2>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section-content\">\n<p>At the time of testing, Adobe InDesign CS6 (April 2013) and Adobe InDesign Creative Cloud  2019 (December 2019) provide a set of accessibility features that are sufficient to enable the production of accessible digital documents.<\/p>\n<h3>What is &#8220;InDesign&#8221;?<\/h3>\n<p>You should use the technique below when you are using InDesign to create documents that are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Intended to be used by people <em>(i.e., not computer code<\/em>),<\/li>\n<li>Text and Image based (<em>intended for design<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>Fully printable and can be digitized<\/li>\n<li>Creative design (<em>layout, e.g., books, packages, poster, interactive web<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Note: InDesign is best for print design, but there are also options of doing web and digital publishing. If you are creating forms, web pages, applications, or other dynamic and\/or interactive content, the techniques below will be useful, but consult the W3C-WAI Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.0) because these are specifically designed to provide guidance for highly dynamic and\/or interactive content.<\/p>\n<h3>File Formats<\/h3>\n<p>The default file format for InDesign is <strong>(.indd)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, InDesign offers many other web format saving options. Most of these have not been checked for accessibility.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ePub<\/li>\n<li>PDF (print and interactive)<\/li>\n<li>Flash Player SWF (for interactive)<\/li>\n<li>HTML, XHTML<\/li>\n<li>XML<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Document Conventions<\/h3>\n<p>We have tried to formulate these techniques so that they are useful to all authors, regardless if they use a mouse. However, there are several instances where mouse-only language is used for clarity purposes . Below are the mouse-only terms and their keyboard alternatives:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>*Right-click: To right-click with the keyboard, select the object using the Shift+Arrow keys and then press either (1) the \u201cRight-Click\u201d key (<em>some keyboard have this to the right of the spacebar<\/em>) or Shift+F10.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Disclaimer and Testing Details:<\/h4>\n<p>Following these techniques will increase the accessibility of your documents, but it does not guarantee accessibility to any specific disability groups. In cases where more certainty is required, it is recommended that you test the documents with end users with disabilities, including screen reader users.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section rl-collapsed\">\n<h2 class=\"rl-collapsible-section-title\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\">Technique 1. Use Accessible Templates<span class=\"rl-collapsible-section-button-indicator\"><\/span><\/button><\/h2>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section-content\">\n<p>InDesign starts with a simple blank page that can be adjusted to any size. There are no build-in templates for InDesign. However, you can create your own templates from scratch or download already made templates from Adobe.<\/p>\n<p>Templates provide the starting point for documents, so accessibility is critical. If you are unsure whether a template is accessible, check the document using Acrobat Pro. Export the file and use the Accessibility Checker in Acrobat Pro.<\/p>\n<h4>To create an accessible template<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Select <strong>File<\/strong> &gt; <strong>New<\/strong> &gt; <strong>New Document<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox\">Keyboard shortcut: Ctrl + N (<em>on Windows<\/em>) and Cmd + N (<em>on Mac<\/em>)<\/div>\n<ol>\n<li>Select <em>print, web,<\/em> or <em>mobile<\/em> and <strong>Page Size <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Uncheck<\/strong> the <strong>Facing Pages box<\/strong> if your document is <strong>NOT<\/strong> intended to be in <strong>book format<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Select <strong>OK<br \/>\n<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/New.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the changes that should occur within the new document dialog box.\" width=\"604\" height=\"543\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" class=\"alignnone\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><strong>Editor&#8217;s note: <\/strong>Adobe InDesign CC users will see a different version of the dialog box with the same menu items.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-new-doc-1024x611.png\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the changes that should occur within the new document dialog box.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"611\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-1986\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-new-doc-1024x611.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-new-doc-300x179.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-new-doc-768x458.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-new-doc-65x39.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-new-doc-225x134.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-new-doc-350x209.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-new-doc.png 1067w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4>To Saving File as a Template<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Select file<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Save <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox\">Keyboard shortcut: Ctrl + S (<em>on Windows<\/em>) and Cmd + S (<em>on Mac<\/em>)<\/div>\n<ol>\n<li>Insert file name and under <strong>Save as type<\/strong> select <strong>CS6 InDesign template<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Select <strong><strong>Save<\/strong><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><strong>Editor&#8217;s note:<\/strong> InDesign CC, users will see the following dialog box.<\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-save-as-template.png\" alt=\"Image demonstrates where the \u201csave type\u201d is located in the \u201csave as\u201d dialog box.\" width=\"840\" height=\"469\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1987\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-save-as-template.png 840w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-save-as-template-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-save-as-template-768x429.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-save-as-template-65x36.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-save-as-template-225x126.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd19-save-as-template-350x195.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section rl-collapsed\">\n<h2 class=\"rl-collapsible-section-title\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\">Technique 2. Specify Document Language<span class=\"rl-collapsible-section-button-indicator\"><\/span><\/button><\/h2>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section-content\">\n<p>The language setting in InDesign will set language within the program only. This language setting in InDesign will not carry over to the exported PDF. Be sure to set the document language in Adobe Acrobat after exporting to PDF.<\/p>\n<h4>To specify the document language for an exported PDF<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>Choose <strong>File<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Export<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Specify a name and location for the file. For Compatibility, choose the lowest PDF version necessary to open the files you create.<\/li>\n<li>For <strong>Save As<\/strong> <em>Type<\/em> (Windows) or <em>Format<\/em> (Mac OS), choose <strong>Adobe PDF (Print)<\/strong>, and then click <strong>Save<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Find the <strong>Advanced <\/strong>tab, and go to <strong>Accessibility Options.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Under <strong>Language<\/strong>, choose the document language for the PDF. This determines the default language for the exported PDF.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/inddCC-language.png\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the Accessibility Options under the Advanced settings section of the Export Adobe PDF dialog box.\" width=\"670\" height=\"664\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1988\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/inddCC-language.png 670w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/inddCC-language-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/inddCC-language-300x297.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/inddCC-language-65x64.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/inddCC-language-225x223.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/inddCC-language-350x347.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 670px) 100vw, 670px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section rl-collapsed\">\n<h2 class=\"rl-collapsible-section-title\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\">Technique 3. Creating Artifacts for Objects<span class=\"rl-collapsible-section-button-indicator\"><\/span><\/button><\/h2>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section-content\">\n<p>The <strong>artifact<\/strong> tag allows users to hide items on the page, such as page numbers or unimportant objects, when viewing the exported PDF file in Reflow view, which displays only tagged items. This is also useful when viewing PDF files on a mobile device or in other PDF readers.<\/p>\n<p>There are two options to creating artifacts:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Option 1 uses Object Export Options Dialog box where the user select the images in the document individually and add artifact.<\/li>\n<li>Option 2 uses Tag pane where the users individually select the object and add the required tagging.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a id=\"indd-alt-text\"><\/a>Artifact Option 1<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>Select the image or object<\/li>\n<li>Select <strong>Object<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Object Export Options <\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/ALT-cs6.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the location of \u201cObject Export Options\u201d dialog box.\" width=\"578\" height=\"510\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Select <strong>Tagged PDF<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Apply Tag<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Choose either <strong>Artifact<\/strong> or <strong>Based on Object<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Select <strong>Done<br \/>\n<\/strong> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/ALT2.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the changes that should occur under &quot;Tagged PDF&quot; in the &quot;Object Export Options&quot; box.\" width=\"581\" height=\"389\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Artifact Option 2<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ol>\n<li>Select the object or artifact<\/li>\n<li>In <strong>Tag pane <\/strong>select <strong>Artifact<br \/>\n<\/strong><em>Note:<\/em> to view Tags Panel: (<strong>Window<\/strong> &gt;<strong> Utilities <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Tags<\/strong>)<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/artifact.jpg\" alt=\"Image of Tag pane\" width=\"337\" height=\"378\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Note:<\/em> for more detail information on tagging and structure pane see <a href=\"#cs7\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Technique 7<\/a><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><a id=\"cs4\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section rl-collapsed\">\n<h2 class=\"rl-collapsible-section-title\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\">Technique 4. Alternative Text for Images and Graphical Objects<span class=\"rl-collapsible-section-button-indicator\"><\/span><\/button><\/h2>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section-content\">\n<p>When using images or other graphical objects, such as graphs, shapes, and background, it is important to ensure that the information you intend to convey using the image is also conveyed to people who cannot see the image. This can be accomplished by adding concise alternative text to each image.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<h4>Tips for Writing Alternative Text<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Try to answer the question \u201cwhat information is the image conveying?\u201d<\/li>\n<li>If the image does not convey any useful information, leave the alternative text blank and create an artifact (e.g., background images should generally have no alt text, other decorative images should only have alt text if they form a crucial part of the content, message, and purpose of the document).<\/li>\n<li>If the image contains meaningful text, ensure all of the text is replicated.<\/li>\n<li>For logos, the alternative text should be the organization&#8217;s name.<\/li>\n<li>For groups of logos, one logo can be chosen to represent the group.<\/li>\n<li>Sometimes text is included as part of a logo or footer image (e.g. the image might contain a phone number), this text should be set as the alternative text of the image.<\/li>\n<li>Alternative text should be fairly short, usually a sentence or less and rarely more than two sentences.<\/li>\n<li>Test by having others review the document with the images replaced by the alternative text.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<h4>Tips for writing longer descriptions<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Long descriptions should be used when text alternatives (<em>see above<\/em>) are insufficient to answer the question &#8220;what information is the image conveying?&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>In some situations, the information being conveyed will be how an image looks (<em>e.g., an artwork, architectural detail, etc.<\/em>). In these cases, try to describe the image without making too many of your own assumptions.<\/li>\n<li>One approach is to imagine you are describing the image to a person over the phone<\/li>\n<li>Ensure that you still provide concise alternative text to help readers decide if they are interested in the longer description.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>There are two options to add Alternative Text to images Option one uses the <strong>Object Export Options<\/strong> dialog box where the user select the images in the document individually and add the alternative text. Option two uses Structure panel that create attribute to individual images.<\/p>\n<p>When you export the document, the alt text you&#8217;ve assigned will travel with the image.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Select the image or object<\/li>\n<li>Select <strong>Object<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Object Export Options <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>To add alternative text to images (Option 1)<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ol>\n<li>Select <strong>Alt Text<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Alt Text Source<\/strong> drop down menu<\/li>\n<li>Choose <strong>Custom<br \/>\n<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/ALT1.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the changes that should occur under &quot;Alt Text&quot; in the &quot;Object Export Options&quot; box.\" width=\"573\" height=\"384\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Type the description in the box below<\/li>\n<li>Select <strong>Done <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>To add alternative text to images (Option 2 &#8211; Using Structure Panel)<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Structure Panel<\/strong> (<strong>View<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Structure<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Show Structure<\/strong>)<\/li>\n<li>Select the Figure in the panel.<\/li>\n<li>Select <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/3LINEbutton.jpg\" alt=\"Image of a button.\" width=\"25\" height=\"17\" \/>  or <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-11-26-at-3.57.51-PM.png\" alt=\"Image of a button with three stripes.\" width=\"22\" height=\"19\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1989\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Select <strong>New Attribute<br \/>\n<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/ALT3.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the location of \u201cNew Attribute\u201d dialog box.\" width=\"508\" height=\"199\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Insert <strong>Alt<\/strong> (case sensitive) under <strong>Name <\/strong>(Note: You <em>must use a capital &#8220;A&#8221; and lowercase &#8220;lt&#8221; to be valid<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>Place the descriptions under <strong>Value<br \/>\n<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/ALT4.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the changes that should occur within the \u201cNew Attribute\u201d dialog box.\" width=\"496\" height=\"223\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><a id=\"cs5\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section rl-collapsed\">\n<h2 class=\"rl-collapsible-section-title\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\">Technique 5. Creating Paragraph Styles<span class=\"rl-collapsible-section-button-indicator\"><\/span><\/button><\/h2>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section-content\">\n<p>Any document that is longer than a few paragraphs require structure to make them more straightforward for readers to understand. Creating Paragraph styles will set the headings and style for the document. It will also help in creating a Table of Contents. The structural elements that indicate order and level provide a meaningful sequence to users of assistive technologies.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Select <strong>Paragraph Styles<\/strong> (<em>in typography workspace<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox\">Keyboard shortcut: F11 (<em>on Windows<\/em>) Cmd + F11 (<em>on Mac<\/em>)<\/div>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ol>\n<li>Select <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/3LINEbutton.jpg\" alt=\"Image of a button.\" width=\"25\" height=\"17\" \/> or <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-11-26-at-3.57.51-PM.png\" alt=\"Image of a button with three stripes.\" width=\"22\" height=\"19\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1989\" \/> in the top right corner for more options.<\/li>\n<li>Select <strong>New Paragraph Style&#8230; <\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Style.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the location of \u201cnew paragraph style\u201d dialog box.\" width=\"662\" height=\"526\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Select <strong>General <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Style Name<\/strong> and insert a title for the style (<em>e.g., header, body text, caption .etc<\/em>)<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Style1_0.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the change that should occur in the paragraph style dialog box.\" width=\"657\" height=\"538\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Select <strong>Basic Character Formats<\/strong> located in the left side pane<\/li>\n<li>Choose the font, font style and the size<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section rl-collapsed\">\n<h2 class=\"rl-collapsible-section-title\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\">Technique 6. Creating Accessible Tables<span class=\"rl-collapsible-section-button-indicator\"><\/span><\/button><\/h2>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section-content\">\n<p>When using tables, it is important to ensure that they are clear and appropriately structured. This helps all users to better understand the information in the table and allows assistive technologies (<em>e.g., screen readers<\/em>) to provide context so that the information within the table can be conveyed in a meaningful way.<\/p>\n<p>When creating accessible tables in InDesign, there are some things to keep in mind:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Be sure to add alternative text to facilitate understanding of the table (see <a href=\"#indd-alt-text\">Technique 3<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>After converting your InDesign document to PDF, be sure to review the document in Adobe Acrobat and ensure that the table is properly tagged.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<h4>Tips for tables<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Only use tables for tabular information, not for formatting, such as to position columns.<\/li>\n<li>Use &#8220;real tables&#8221; rather than text formatted to look like tables using the TAB key or space bar. These will not be recognized by assistive technology.<\/li>\n<li>Keep tables simple by avoiding merged cells and dividing complex data sets into separate smaller tables, where possible.<\/li>\n<li>If tables split across pages, set the header to show at the top of each page. Also set the table to break between rows instead of in the middle of rows.<\/li>\n<li>Create a text summary of the essential table contents. Any abbreviations used should be explained in the summary.<\/li>\n<li>Table captions or descriptions should answer the question &#8220;what is the table&#8217;s purpose and how is it organized?&#8221; (<em>e.g., &#8220;A sample order form with separate columns for the item name, price and quantity&#8221;<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li>Table header cell labels should be concise and clear.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h4>To create tables<\/h4>\n<div class=\"textbox\">Keyboard short cut: Ctrl + Alt + Shift + T <em>(on Windows)<\/em>, Cmd + Shift + Option + T<em> (on Mac)<\/em><\/div>\n<ol>\n<li>Create a table, go to <strong>Table<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Create Table<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Insert <strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Body Rows<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> and <\/span><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Columns<br \/>\n<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Table-1.jpg\" alt=\"Image show &quot;Insert Table&quot; dialog box.\" width=\"438\" height=\"271\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Select <strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">OK<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>To convert Text (with tabs) to a Table<\/h4>\n<p>If you have created text with tabs. To convert the text to a table:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Select all the text<\/li>\n<li><strong>Table<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Convert To Table <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Column Separator <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Tab<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Select <strong>OK<br \/>\n<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/texttotable.jpg\" alt=\"Image show &quot;convert text to table&quot; dialog box.\" width=\"506\" height=\"222\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>Removing Table Lines<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>Place the Type cursor on top of the table until the cursor changes to an upside down black arrow.<\/li>\n<li>Click and drag the cursor to select all of the chart (<em>or part of the chart<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>In the top navigation. It\u2019ll show a line box where you can choose which side you would like to remove the line from.<\/li>\n<li>Once selected. Click on the &#8220;<strong>None<\/strong>&#8221; outline button<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Table_0.jpg\" alt=\"Image locate how to removed line from table.\" width=\"246\" height=\"296\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>Repeat table header<\/h4>\n<p>If you have a table that spans more than one page or spread, it&#8217;s important to ensure that table headers are repeated to facilitate understanding of the content.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Go to <strong>Table<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Table Options<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Table Setup&#8230;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The <strong>Table Options <\/strong>dialog box appears.<\/li>\n<li>Under the <strong>Table<\/strong> <strong>Setup <\/strong>tab, indicate the number of <strong>Header Rows<\/strong>, under Table Dimensions.<\/li>\n<li> Next, go to the <strong>Headers and Footers<\/strong> tab.  Here you can indicate if you would like your table header repeated on every page, column, or frame.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd-table-headers.png\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the Table Options dialog box, with the Repeat Header options are displayed.\" width=\"611\" height=\"559\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1993\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd-table-headers.png 611w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd-table-headers-300x274.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd-table-headers-65x59.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd-table-headers-225x206.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd-table-headers-350x320.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 611px) 100vw, 611px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><a id=\"cs7\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section rl-collapsed\">\n<h2 class=\"rl-collapsible-section-title\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\">Technique 7. Tagging Items<span class=\"rl-collapsible-section-button-indicator\"><\/span><\/button><\/h2>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section-content\">\n<p>Tagging items will help assistive technologies (<em>e.g., screen readers<\/em>) to locate the logical order of the assigned headings. Also, when exporting the document to a PDF, the tagging will automatically be embedded, therefore, the user does not need to apply tagging in Acrobat.<\/p>\n<h4>To quickly tag the items in the file<\/h4>\n<p><em>Note:<\/em> This does not tag all content correctly. To correctly tag all content, you would have to assign the tags manually (see <a href=\"#tagmanual\">To Assign Tags Manually<\/a>).<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Structure Panel (<strong>View<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Structure<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Show Structure<\/strong>)<br \/>\nkeyboard shortcut Alt + Ctrl + 1 (on Window), Cmd + Option + 1 (on Mac)<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Structure.jpg\" alt=\"Image show the location of Structure Panel.\" width=\"506\" height=\"455\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\n<li>In the structure pane click the three line button and choose <strong>Add Untagged Items<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Structure1.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates how to add tag to untagged items.\" width=\"442\" height=\"538\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>To view which items have been tagged<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>View<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Structure <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Show Tagged Frames<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The boxes will be coloured according to the tagging in the <strong>Tags Panel<\/strong>. (<strong>Window<\/strong> &gt;<strong> Utilities <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Tags<\/strong>)<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Tag_0.jpg\" alt=\"Image show the tagged item in the file.\" width=\"713\" height=\"590\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Note:<\/em> You must be in preview mode (<em style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">keyboard shortcut <\/em>W<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">) to view the tagged items.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4><a id=\"tagmanual\"><\/a>To Assign Tags Manually (and correctly)<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ol>\n<li>Tag pane (<strong>Window<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Utilities <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Tags<\/strong>)<\/li>\n<li>Click <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/3LINEbutton.jpg\" alt=\"Image of a button.\" width=\"25\" height=\"17\" \/> &gt;<strong> Map Style to Tags&#8230;<br \/>\n<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Tag1.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates where the \u201cMap Style to Tags\u201d is located in the Tags pane.\" width=\"454\" height=\"383\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Select the style and change <strong>[Not Mapped]<\/strong> to a<strong> heading title <\/strong>(<em>e.g. H, H1, H2 etc.<\/em>).<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Tag2.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the changes that can occur in the \u201cMap Style to Tags\u201d dialog box.\" width=\"608\" height=\"497\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>Option 2: Export Tagging (manually assign tagging)<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>Double click on the paragraph style (<em>e.g., &#8220;heading&#8221;<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li>In the dialog box <strong>Paragraph Style Options<\/strong> choose <strong>Export tagging<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Under PDF &gt; <strong>Tag:<\/strong> select the appropriate heading title (<em>e.g. style name: heading &amp; Tag: H<\/em>).<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/alt-text.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates location of tag with in the paragraph style options dialog box.\" width=\"672\" height=\"539\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Note:<\/em> To make the reading order and tags easier to manage make thread text boxes. If possible make one text box per page.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section rl-collapsed\">\n<h2 class=\"rl-collapsible-section-title\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\">Technique 8. Creating Table of Contents<span class=\"rl-collapsible-section-button-indicator\"><\/span><\/button><\/h2>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section-content\">\n<ol>\n<li>Create a paragraph style (see <a href=\"#cs5\">Technique 5<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>For all the contents in the table of contents assign the title to the style &#8220;TOC&#8221;<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/TOC1.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the changes that should be made to create the \u201ctable of contents\u201d contents.\" width=\"660\" height=\"269\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><br \/>\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Optional:<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> creating another style for the body of the table of content <\/span>once all the contents are in the style of &#8220;TOC&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ol>\n<li>Select <strong>Layout <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Table of Contents&#8230;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Under <strong>Other Styles<\/strong> select the style<\/li>\n<li>Select the<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> &lt;&lt; Add <\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">button to transfer the style to Include Paragraph Styles:<\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/TOC2_0.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates how to create table of contents.\" width=\"643\" height=\"438\" style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Optional<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">: to change the body of the table of contents to a different style than the header of the table of contents. Select <\/span><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">entry style<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> and change <\/span><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">same style<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> to another style.<\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/TOC3.jpg\" alt=\"Image demonstrates how to change the table of contents body to a different style.\" width=\"652\" height=\"536\" style=\"font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;font-size: 1.80225em;font-weight: bold\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Drag the cursor to create a large box for the table of content.<br \/>\n<em>Note:<\/em> The table of contents will automatically create the title, contents and page numbers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>8.1 Columns<\/h3>\n<p>Use Columns feature for placing text in columns instead of creating multiple text boxes.<\/p>\n<h3>8.2 Use Page Numbering<\/h3>\n<p>Numbering the pages of your document helps those reading and editing your document effectively navigate and reference its content. For users of assistive technologies, it provides a valuable point of reference within the document.<\/p>\n<h3>8.3 Naming PDF before exporting<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>File <\/strong>&gt; <strong>File Info<br \/>\n<\/strong>keyboard shortcut: Ctrl + Alt + Shift + I (on Window), Cmd + Shift + Option + I (on Mac)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Descriptions<\/strong> &gt;<strong> Document title: <\/strong>Insert the file title<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd-file-info.png\" alt=\"Image demonstrates the change or changes that can occur in the &quot;File Info&quot; box.\" width=\"639\" height=\"678\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1996\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd-file-info.png 639w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd-file-info-283x300.png 283w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd-file-info-65x69.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd-file-info-225x239.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/07\/indd-file-info-350x371.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 639px) 100vw, 639px\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Note:<\/em> You can also fill in the author&#8217;s name and description.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section rl-collapsed\">\n<h2 class=\"rl-collapsible-section-title\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\">Technique 9. Make Content Easier to See<span class=\"rl-collapsible-section-button-indicator\"><\/span><\/button><\/h2>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section-content\">\nHere are some other things to keep in mind:<\/p>\n<h3>9.1 Format of Text<\/h3>\n<p>When formatting text, especially when the text is likely to printed, try to:<\/p>\n<ul type=\"disc\">\n<li>Use font sizes between 12 and 15 points for body text.<\/li>\n<li>Use fonts of normal weight, rather than bold or light weight fonts. If you do choose to use bold fonts for emphasis, use them sparingly.<\/li>\n<li>Use standard fonts with clear spacing and easily recognized upper and lower case characters. Sans serif fonts (e.g., Arial, Verdana) may sometimes be easier to read than serif fonts (e.g., Times New Roman, Garamond).<\/li>\n<li>Avoid large amounts of text set all in caps, italic or underlined.<\/li>\n<li>Use normal or expanded character spacing, rather than condensed spacing.<\/li>\n<li>Avoid animated or scrolling text.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>But can\u2019t users just zoom in?<\/strong> Because printing is an important aspect of many workflows and changing font sizes directly will change documents details such the pagination, the layout of tables, etc., it is best practice to always format text for a reasonable degree of accessibility.<\/p>\n<h3>9.2 Use Sufficient Contrast<\/h3>\n<p>The visual presentation of text and images of text should have a contrast ration of at least 4.5:1. To help you determine the contrast, here are some examples on a white background:<\/p>\n<ul type=\"disc\">\n<li>Very good contrast (Foreground=black, Background=white, Ratio=21:1)<\/li>\n<li>Acceptable contrast (Foreground=#767676, Background=white, Ratio=4.54:1)<\/li>\n<li>Unacceptable contrast (Foreground=#AAAAAA, Background=white, Ratio=2.32:1)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Also, always use a single solid color for a text background rather than a pattern.<\/p>\n<p>In order to determine whether the colors in your document have sufficient contrast, you can consult an online contrast checker, such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/webaim.org\/resources\/contrastchecker\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">WebAIM: Contrast Checker<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/juicystudio.com\/services\/luminositycontrastratio.php\">Juicy Studio: Luminosity Color Contrast Ratio Analyzer<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.joedolson.com\/color-contrast-tester.php\">Joe Dolson Color Contrast Spectrum Tester<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.joedolson.com\/color-contrast-compare.php\">Joe Dolson Color Contrast Comparison<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>9.3 Avoid Using Color Alone<\/h3>\n<p>Color should not be used as the only visual means of conveying information, indicating an action, prompting a response, or distinguishing a visual element. In order to spot where color might be the only visual means of conveying information, you can create a screenshot of the document and then view it with online gray-scale converting tools, such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>GrayBit v2.0: Grayscale Conversion Contrast Accessibility Tool<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><strong>Editor&#8217;s note: <\/strong>GrayBit v2.0 is no longer available. However, multiple tools can be found online: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=convert+image+to+grayscale+online\">Google Search: gray-scale conversion tool<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>9.4 Avoid Relying on Sensory Characteristics<\/h3>\n<p>The instructions provided for understanding and operating content should not rely solely on sensory characteristics such as the color or shape of content elements. Here are two examples:<\/p>\n<ul type=\"disc\">\n<li>Do not track changes by simply changing the color of text you have edited and noting the color. Instead use <a href=\"https:\/\/helpx.adobe.com\/ca\/indesign\/using\/tracking-reviewing-changes.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">InDesign&#8217;s &#8220;Track Changes&#8221; feature<\/a> to track changes.<\/li>\n<li>Do not distinguish between images by referring to their appearance (e.g., &#8220;the bigger one&#8221;). Instead, label each image with a figure number and use that for references.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>9.5 Avoid Using Images of Text<\/h3>\n<p>Before you use an image to control the presentation of text (e.g., to ensure a certain font or color combination), consider whether you can achieve the same result by styling &#8220;real text&#8221;. If this is not possible, as with logos containing stylized text, make sure to provide alternative text for the image following the techniques noted above.\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section rl-collapsed\">\n<h2 class=\"rl-collapsible-section-title\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\">Technique 10. Make Content Easier to Understand<span class=\"rl-collapsible-section-button-indicator\"><\/span><\/button><\/h2>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section-content\">\n<h3>Write Clearly<\/h3>\n<p>By taking the time to design your content in a consistent way, it will be easier to access, navigate and interpret for all users:<\/p>\n<ul type=\"disc\">\n<li>Whenever possible, write clearly with short sentences.<\/li>\n<li>Introduce acronyms and spell out abbreviations.<\/li>\n<li>Avoid making the document too &#8220;busy&#8221; by using lots of whitespace and by avoiding too many different colors, fonts and images.<\/li>\n<li>If content is repeated on multiple pages within a document or within a set of documents (e.g., headings, footings, etc.), it should occur consistently each time it is repeated.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><a id=\"indd-checker\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section rl-collapsed\">\n<h2 class=\"rl-collapsible-section-title\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\">Accessibility Checker<span class=\"rl-collapsible-section-button-indicator\"><\/span><\/button><\/h2>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section-content\">\n<p>To check for accessibility, first, the InDesign file must be exported to a PDF and viewed in Acrobat Pro.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>File <\/strong>&gt; <strong>Export <\/strong>(keyboard shortcut: <em>Windows:<\/em> Ctrl + E; <em>Mac: <\/em>Cmd + E)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Save as:<\/strong> PDF (Interactive or Print)<\/li>\n<li>Select<strong> Save<\/strong> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/Export.jpg\" alt=\"Image show \u201cExport\u201d dialog box.\" width=\"618\" height=\"544\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>To evaluate PDF accessibility in Adobe Acrobat Professional<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>Go to menu item: <strong>Advanced &gt; Accessibility &gt; Full Check\u2026<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>In the <strong>Full Check<\/strong> dialog, select all the checking option<\/li>\n<li>Select the <strong>Start Checking<\/strong> button<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><strong>Editor&#8217;s note: <\/strong>For detailed instructions, see our section on <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/chapter\/adobe-acrobat-11-pro-and-dc\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">how to check accessibility using Adobe Acrobat Professional<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h5>Using the Acrobat 10 Action Wizard<\/h5>\n<p>In Acrobat 10 Pro, there is a special accessibility Action Wizard for InDesign CS6 where the user can follow to make the file accessible.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To Follow the Action Wizard in Acrobat 10: select <strong>Tools<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Action Wizard<\/strong><strong>&gt; InDesign (CS6) Accessibility Touch up<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><strong>Editor&#8217;s note: <\/strong>At the time of testing (December 2019), we were not able to download and use the Acrobat 10 Action Wizard. If you do already have the required application, see <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/accessibility\/products\/indesign\/acrobat-x-action-wizard.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">how to use the Action Wizard for InDesign<\/a> for more details.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section rl-collapsed\">\n<h2 class=\"rl-collapsible-section-title\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\">Accessibility Help<span class=\"rl-collapsible-section-button-indicator\"><\/span><\/button><\/h2>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section-content\">\n<p>If you are interested in what features are provided to make using InDesign more accessible to users, documentation is provided in the Help button or the search bar.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/accessibility\/products\/indesign.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adobe InDesign Accessibility<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/content\/dam\/acom\/en\/products\/indesign\/pdfs\/creating-accessible-pdf-documentw-with-adobe-indesign-cs6-v3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Creating accessible PDF documents with Adobe InDesign CS6 (PDF)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section rl-collapsed\">\n<h2 class=\"rl-collapsible-section-title\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\">References and Resources<span class=\"rl-collapsible-section-button-indicator\"><\/span><\/button><\/h2>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section-content\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/helpx.adobe.com\/ca\/indesign\/tutorials.html\">Adobe InDesign Tutorials<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/accessibility\/products\/indesign\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adobe InDesign Accessibility<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/helpx.adobe.com\/indesign\/indesign-cs6-tutorials.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adobe InDesign CS6 tutorials<\/a><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/helpx.adobe.com\/ca\/indesign\/using\/exporting-publishing-pdf.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adobe InDesign: Export to PDF<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washington.edu\/accessibility\/documents\/indesign\/\">Creating Accessible PDFs from Adobe InDesign (University of Washington)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section rl-collapsed\">\n<h2 class=\"rl-collapsible-section-title\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\">Acknowledgments<span class=\"rl-collapsible-section-button-indicator\"><\/span><\/button><\/h2>\n<div class=\"rl-collapsible-section-content\">\n<p><strong>Authors:<\/strong> Vellicia Christanto, Jan Richards<\/p>\n<p>This document was produced as part of the <a href=\"https:\/\/adod.idrc.ocadu.ca\">Accessible Digital Office Document (ADOD) Project<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>This project has been developed by the Inclusive Design Research Centre, OCAD University as part of an EnAbling Change Partnership project with the Government of Ontario and UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/78\/2019\/08\/partners.png\" alt=\"Partner logos: UNESCO-United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, the Government of Ontario and the Inclusive Design Research Centre (OCAD University)\" width=\"626\" height=\"166\" \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/adod.idrc.ocadu.ca\/indesigncs6.html\">Authoring Techniques for Accessible Office Documents: Adobe InDesign CS6<\/a> by the <a href=\"https:\/\/idrc.ocadu.ca\/\">Inclusive Design Research Centre (IDRC)<\/a> used under <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/\">CC-BY-SA 3.0<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":100,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-89","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":65,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/89","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/100"}],"version-history":[{"count":61,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/89\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2314,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/89\/revisions\/2314"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/65"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/89\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=89"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=89"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=89"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/docs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=89"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}