{"id":603,"date":"2023-03-23T04:52:43","date_gmt":"2023-03-23T08:52:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=603"},"modified":"2023-10-15T13:05:50","modified_gmt":"2023-10-15T17:05:50","slug":"introduction-to-ace","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/chapter\/introduction-to-ace\/","title":{"raw":"Introduction to ACE \u63a5\u7eb3\u627f\u8bfa\u4e0e\u8d4b\u6743\u7406\u8bba\u5165\u95e8","rendered":"Introduction to ACE \u63a5\u7eb3\u627f\u8bfa\u4e0e\u8d4b\u6743\u7406\u8bba\u5165\u95e8"},"content":{"raw":"<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Objective<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Orientate participants to the ACE model, including the integrated Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Group Empowerment Pscychoeducation (GEP) core concepts, principles, and process.\r\n\u5e2e\u52a9\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u4e86\u89e3ACE, \u5305\u62ec\u63a5\u7eb3\u627f\u8bfa\u7597\u6cd5(ACT)\u53ca\u8ce6\u6b0a\u5fc3\u7406\u6559\u80b2(GEP) \u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u539f\u5219\u53ca\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Suggested Time \u5efa\u8bae\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>20 minutes 20 \u5206\u949f<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Number of Facilitators \u5c0f\u7ec4\u5e26\u9886\u8005\u4eba\u6570<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>1<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Brief Description \u7b80\u8ff0<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">The facilitator shows powerpoint slides on ACE and explains the integrated ACT + GEP core concepts and 4 processes.\r\n\u5e26\u9886\u8005\u5c55\u793aACE\u5e7b\u706f\u7247\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u91ca\u7efc\u5408ACT\u53caGEP\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Materials \u6559\u6750<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Powerpoint slides \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/375\/2023\/06\/ACE-LYNX-Intervention\u63a5\u7d0d\u627f\u8afe\u8207\u8ce6\u6b0a\u7406\u8ad6\u6a21\u578b.pptx\">ACE-LYNX Intervention\u63a5\u7d0d\u627f\u8afe\u8207\u8ce6\u6b0a\u7406\u8ad6\u6a21\u578b<\/a>\r\nPPT \u5e7b\u706f\u7247<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Sample Script \u793a\u4f8b\u811a\u672c<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/375\/2023\/03\/ACE-Model-300x288.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"420\" height=\"403\" class=\"wp-image-975 aligncenter\" \/><\/h5>\r\n<h5><strong>Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)<\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>The ACT model of psychological flexibility consists of 6 important psychological processes<\/strong>. Let\u2019s look at what typically gets us stuck and how ACT processes may help us.\r\nACT\u5fc3\u7406\u5f39\u6027\u6a21\u578b\u7531\u516d\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u7ec4\u6210\u3002 \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u600e\u6837\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u4ee5\u53caACT\u6d41\u7a0b\u80fd\u591f\u5982\u4f55\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u3002<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Cognitive fusion <\/strong>occurs when we treat our \u2018thoughts\u2019 literally as \u2018reality\u2019, as if \u2018thoughts\u2019 and \u2018reality\u2019 are fused as one. Thinking helps us function efficiently and make sense of the world \u2013 so we tend to see and experience everything through the lens of our thoughts most of the time. We usually don\u2019t question what our thoughts are telling us. Our thoughts make sense to us. For example, \u201cthe earth is round\u201d \u2026 \u201cfire is hotter than ice\u201d \u2026 and \u201chell is hotter than earth\u201d \u2026 when I say each of these sentences, they all sound real and logical to you, and you will not dispute them, even if you have never been to hell. As you listen to me talking now, you are probably busy thinking and making sense out of what I am saying, and so, our act of thinking and sense making is automatic and transparent to us. Most of the time, this isn\u2019t a problem, and our ability to think is amazingly helpful. However, in some cases, being \u2018fused\u2019 with our thoughts can get us completely stuck. No matter how \u2018true\u2019 or \u2018false\u2019 these thoughts are, they are actually all just thoughts.\u00a0 For example, if you become fused with certain assumptions like \u2018People are mean, and I can\u2019t trust others\u2019 and treat this as \u2018reality\u2019, how may this affect your participation in this group now? If we get stuck with always believing in our thoughts, how may it affect our actions in our lives?\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u8ba4\u77e5\u878d\u5408<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> - \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u300c\u60f3\u6cd5\u300d\u5f53\u4f5c\u300c\u73b0\u5b9e\u300d\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f<strong>\u8ba4\u77e5\u878d\u5408<\/strong>\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u300c\u60f3\u6cd5\u300d\u548c\u300c\u73b0\u5b9e\u300d\u5df2\u878d\u5408\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u3002\u601d\u8003\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8fd0\u4f5c\u5e76\u7406\u89e3\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u95f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u955c\u7247\u6765\u770b\u5f85\u548c\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d28\u7591\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u5728\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u6709\u6761\u6709\u7406\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u300c\u5730\u7403\u662f\u5706\u7684\u300d...... \u300c\u706b\u6bd4\u51b0\u70ed\u300d...... \u300c\u5730\u72f1\u6bd4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u70ed\u300d...... \u5f53\u6211\u4e00\u53e5\u53e5\u8bf4\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u4f60\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u800c\u5408\u4e4e\u903b\u8f91\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u5f02\u8bae\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4f60\u4ece\u672a\u53bb\u8fc7\u5730\u72f1\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u542c\u6211\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u6b63\u5fd9\u7740\u601d\u8003\u5e76\u7406\u89e3\u6211\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u601d\u8003\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u548c\u4e0d\u6613\u5bdf\u89c9\u7684\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u8003\u80fd\u529b\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u7740\u795e\u5947\u7684\u52a9\u76ca\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u300c\u878d\u5408\u300d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60f3\u6cd5\u591a\u4e48\u300c\u771f\u5b9e\u300d\u6216\u300c\u865a\u5047\u300d\uff0c\u60f3\u6cd5\u5c31\u53ea\u662f\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u878d\u5408\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u300c\u4eba\u662f\u5351\u9119\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u76f8\u4fe1\u522b\u4eba\u300d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u300c\u73b0\u5b9e\u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7ec4\u4f1a\u6709\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u662f\u76f8\u4fe1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4f1a\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5f71\u54cd\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>An alternative is <strong>Cognitive Defusion<\/strong> \u2013 this means getting unstuck from our thinking. We can recognize our thoughts as only thoughts \u2013 no more and no less \u2013 no matter how convincing they sound. If you say to yourself \u2018I can\u2019t trust others here\u2019 \u2026 vs. \u2018I am having the thought that \u2018I can\u2019t trust others here\u2019 \u2026 do you observe any difference? In this case, defusion helps us more fully participate in the group. By practicing defusion, we can foster our capacity to experience thoughts as thoughts, rather than always rigidly following our thoughts, even when they are not helpful to us.\r\n\u4e00\u79cd\u66ff\u4ee3\u505a\u6cd5\u662f<strong>\u8ba4\u77e5\u89e3\u79bb<\/strong> - \u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u8003\u4e2d\u89e3\u8131\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u53ea\u662f\u5f53\u4f5c\u60f3\u6cd5\u2013 \u4e0d\u591a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5c11\u2013 \u65e0\u8bba\u5b83\u4eec\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u591a\u4e48\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u3002\u8b6c\u5982,\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u8bf4\u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u5c0f\u7ec4\u91cc\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u201d...... \u5bf9\u6bd4\u201c\u6211\u5728\u60f3,\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u5c0f\u7ec4\u91cc\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u201d...... \u4f60\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u89e3\u79bb\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u5145\u5206\u5730\u53c2\u4e0e\u5c0f\u7ec4\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec3\u4e60\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u57f9\u517b\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u4f53\u9a8c\u60f3\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5373\u4f7f\u60f3\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u603b\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u9075\u4ece\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/li>\r\n \t<li>As human beings, we tend to avoid unpleasant and unwanted thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations, or memories. This <strong>Experiential Avoidance<\/strong> may sometimes be costly to our wellbeing, ineffective, or unnecessary. Although it may be our natural reaction to turn away from unpleasant and difficulty experiences, the act of avoidance may actually add to our own struggle and suffering.\u00a0 For example, if a person is scared of the dark and always sleeps with the light on and avoids the dark at all times, what would happen to this fear? What happens to his life if he avoids more and more? Soon, he may not even dare to go outside at night. What happens when there is a total blackout then?\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4eba\u4eba\u90fd\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u907f\u514d\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u9002\u7684\u6216\u4e0d\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u611f\u53d7\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u611f\u89c9\u6216\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd<strong>\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5f0f\u56de\u907f<\/strong>\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u635f\u5bb3\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u3002<\/span><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53bb\u6446\u8131\u4e0d\u6109\u5feb\u548c\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4f46\u56de\u907f\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u589e\u6dfb\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6323\u624e\u548c\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5bb3\u6015\u9ed1\u6697\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u5728\u706f\u5149\u4e0b\u7761\u89c9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u76f4\u56de\u907f\u9ed1\u6697\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u79cd\u6050\u60e7\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u56de\u907f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4f1a\u600e\u6837\u5462\uff1f\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u90fd\u4e0d\u6562\u665a\u4e0a\u51fa\u95e8\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5f53\u7a81\u7136\u5168\u9762\u505c\u7535\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>An alternative to avoidance is <strong>Acceptance<\/strong>. It is the willingness to experience what thoughts and feelings are here, rather than trying to avoid, change, or suppress them.\u00a0\u00a0 It is not about \u2018giving up\u2019 or \u2018enjoying negativity\u2019, but rather, about experiencing whatever is already here \u2013 pleasant or unpleasant \u2013 without any struggle.\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4ee3\u66ff\u56de\u907f\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u662f<\/span><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u63a5<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u7eb3<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u3002\u613f\u610f\u4f53\u9a8c\u73b0\u5b58\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u548c\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8bd5\u56fe\u56de\u907f\u3001\u6539\u53d8\u6216\u538b\u5236\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u63a5\u7eb3\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u653e\u5f03\u201d\u6216\u201c\u7518\u4e8e\u6d88\u6781\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53bb\u4f53\u9a8c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4f53\u9a8c - \u6109\u5feb\u6216\u4e0d\u6109\u5feb \u2013 \u4e0d\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u6323\u624e\u3002<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Dominance of the conceptualized past and feared future - <\/strong>sometimes we suffer the most when we are stuck thinking about the <strong>past<\/strong>, such as when we have been hurt in the past, e.g., bullied or abused, or when we have done things we regret. We may then be feeling sad, hurt, guilty, or angry all the time. Or we can get caught up in worrying about the <strong>future<\/strong> and things that have not happen yet.\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u88ab<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u548c<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u6050\u60e7\u7684<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u672a\u6765<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u6240\u64cd\u63a7<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> - \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9677\u5165<strong>\u8fc7\u5f80<\/strong>\u7684\u601d\u7eea\u800c\u505c\u6ede\u4e0d\u524d\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u66f4\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u7ecf\u53d7\u8fc7\u53bb\u8bf8\u5982\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eba\u6b3a\u51cc\u6216\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u66fe\u7ecf\u505a\u8fc7\u7684\u540e\u6094\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u611f\u5230\u60b2\u4f24\u3001\u53d7\u4f24\u3001\u5185\u759a\u3001\u6216\u6124\u6012\u3002\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9677\u5165\u5bf9<strong>\u672a\u6765<\/strong>\u548c\u5c1a\u672a\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Contact with the present moment <\/strong>is about shifting our attention to what is happening here and now, including our thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations, and external stimuli such as sound, sight, smell, etc. Training our ability to attend to the present moment can get us less stuck with our thoughts about our past or future. It helps us appreciate what is currently here now and respond more fully and effectively to the present situation. It also means taking ourselves off the \u2018auto-pilot\u2019 mode. For example, while driving or taking transit, we may \u2018wake-up\u2019 from our thinking only when get to the destination without really being present to the full experience of the journey along the way.\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u6d3b\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e0a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u611f\u53d7\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u611f\u89c9\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u5982\u58f0\u97f3\u3001\u89c6\u89c9\u3001\u55c5\u89c9\u7b49\u3002\u8bad\u7ec3\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u518d\u6c89\u8ff7\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u6216\u672a\u6765\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4f53\u6703\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e76\u66f4\u5145\u5206\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5e94\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5f62\u52bf\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8131\u79bb\u201c\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76\u201d\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002 \u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u9a7e\u9a76\u6216\u4e58\u5750\u516c\u4ea4\u8f66\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u65f6\u624d\u4f1a\u4ece\u601d\u8651\u4e2d\u201c\u9192\u6765\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u771f\u6b63\u6c89\u6d78\u5165\u6cbf\u9014\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Attachment to the conceptualized self<\/strong> refers to being too rigidly stuck with our fused identities based on ideas, concepts, and stories about who we are. Normally, knowing our strengths or our social roles, such as our particular job at school or work or the roles in the family and society, can be helpful, because we know what we need to do. But being rigidly fused with a role means that you can feel like losing a sense of \u2018self\u2019 when such a role is lost or has changed. For example, if you totally identify yourself as being an athlete, what happens if you get injured and can never run again? Further, being fused rigidly with ideas about ourselves, e.g., \u2018I\u2019m not an adventurous person, so I can never try new things\u2019, can also restrict how we lead our lives and what we choose to pursue.\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u5bf9\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u81ea\u6211\u7684<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u6267\u7740<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u662f\u6307\u6211\u4eec\u8fc7\u5206\u62d8\u6ce5\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u6545\u4e8b\u4e0a\u6709\u5173\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u8c01\u7684\u201c\u878d\u5408\u8eab\u4efd\u201d\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u77e5\u6653\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e0e\u89d2\u8272\u987d\u56fa\u5730\u878d\u5408\u5219\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f53\u4f60\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u6216\u8005\u89d2\u8272\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u79cd\u5931\u53bb\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u201d\u611f\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5b8c\u5168\u8ba4\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u8fd0\u52a8\u5458\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53d7\u4f24\u5e76\u4e14\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8dd1\u6b65\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u6837\uff1f\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u987d\u56fa\u5730\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5192\u9669\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c1d\u8bd5\u65b0\u4e8b\u7269\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u600e\u6837\u53bb\u8fc7\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4eba\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u53bb\u8ffd\u6c42\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ea7\u751f\u9650\u5236\u3002 <\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Self-as-context <\/strong>refers to freeing ourselves from a restrictive fused identity or conceptualized self, and instead, realizing that there is a part of us that is actually like the context, i.e., the background or the container, in which our inner experiences like thoughts, feelings, memories, etc. occur. Being the container is more flexible and resilient than its contents. If you were a cup, yesterday you may contain sour milk, today you may contain coffee, and tomorrow you may contain juice. So, if we are like a container, we may come to realize that our difficult thoughts and feelings that we do not want, or conversely, treasured roles that we want to hang on to, will all come and go, while we are resilient and always ready to experience the present moment and new possibilities. This is also called the \u201cobserver self.\u201d\u00a0 From your experience and perspective, \u201cyou\u201d have always been \u201cyou\u201d throughout your whole life, while all other things about you (that isn\u2019t actually \"you\") are constantly changing \u2013 e.g. thoughts, feelings, body, roles, stories, memories, etc.\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4ee5\u5df1\u4e3a\u666f<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u4ece\u9650\u5236\u6027\u7684\u3001\u878d\u5408\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u6216\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u4e2d\u89e3\u653e\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u60c5\u666f\uff0c\u5373\u80cc\u666f\u6216\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u76db\u88c5\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5fc3\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u5373\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u611f\u53d7\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7b49\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u6bd4\u53ea\u505a\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u66f4\u6709\u5f39\u6027\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u676f\u5b50\uff0c\u6628\u5929\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u88c5\u7740\u9178\u5976\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u88c5\u7740\u5496\u5561\uff0c\u660e\u5929\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u88c5\u7740\u679c\u6c41\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u6709\u5f39\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u968f\u65f6\u51c6\u5907\u4f53\u9a8c\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u548c\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u548c\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u6216\u76f8\u53cd\u5730\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u73cd\u60dc\u7684\u3001\u60f3\u8981\u6293\u4f4f\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5168\u90fd\u4f1a\u6765\u6765\u53bb\u53bb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u201d\u3002\u4ece\u4f60\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u89c2\u70b9\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8d2f\u7a7f\u4f60\u6574\u4e2a\u4e00\u751f\uff0c\u201c\u4f60\u201d\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u4f60\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u5173\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff08\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e76\u975e\"\u4f60\"\uff09\u90fd\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316 - \u4f8b\u5982\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u611f\u53d7\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u3001\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u6545\u4e8b\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Lack of values clarity <\/strong>refers to not being in touch with our chosen values or what really matters to us. We may end up just doing things based on routine or habit without looking deeper at the meaning behind our actions. Our actions may be guided by our fusion to rules and stories and we may be stuck without realizing it. We may also just be busy avoiding things that provoke negative emotions like fear, anxiety, and sadness.\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4ef7\u503c<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4e0d\u6e05<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u662f\u6307\u4e0d\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u6216\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u771f\u6b63\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u4fdd\u6301\u8054\u7ed3\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u6700\u7ec8\u53d8\u5f97\u53ea\u662f\u6839\u636e\u5e38\u89c4\u6216\u4e60\u60ef\u505a\u4e8b\u60c5\u800c\u4e0d\u53bb\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u6211\u4eec\u884c\u4e3a\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u9075\u4ece\u8457\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u9677\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u610f\u8bc6\u4e0d\u5230\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u5fd9\u7740\u56de\u907f\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u6050\u60e7\u3001\u7126\u8651\u548c\u60b2\u4f24\u7b49\u8d1f\u9762\u60c5\u7eea\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"page-break-before\"><strong>Values <\/strong>refer to being clear and in touch with meaningful chosen life directions and what matters to us. Values are different from goals in that they are not something that one can check off and complete, nor are they dependent on outcomes in some distant future. Rather, values are ever-present as directions that guide us and give our actions and our lives meaning and purpose.\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2<\/strong>\u662f\u6307\u80fd\u591f\u8ba4\u6e05\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u6240\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4fdd\u6301\u8054\u7ed3\u3002\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5212\u6389\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u9065\u8fdc\u672a\u6765\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 \u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u5728\uff0c\u6307\u5bfc\u6211\u4eec\u524d\u8fdb\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5e76\u8d4b\u4e88\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4eba\u751f\u4ee5\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Inaction, impulsivity, or avoidance <\/strong>are patterns of behaviors that lead to more suffering and away from leading a meaningful life. For example, we may not take actions towards our values (e.g., \u2018I should take better care of myself, but I\u2019m just too busy\u2019); impulsively react to our emotions, thoughts, and stories (e.g., \u2018my friend made me angry \u2013 so of course I screamed and yelled\u2019); or avoid valued actions and situations that may risk unpleasant inner experiences (e.g., \u2018I avoid my friends, in case they may not like me or I may feel anxious\u2019).\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4e0d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u3001<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u51b2\u52a8\u6216<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u56de\u907f<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4ee4\u6211\u4eec\u8499\u53d7\u66f4\u591a\u75db\u82e6\u548c\u8fdc\u79bb\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6a21\u5f0f<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u6309\u7167\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c'\u6211\u5e94\u8be5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7167\u987e\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u592a\u5fd9\u4e86'\uff09; \u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u3001\u60f3\u6cd5\u548c\u6545\u4e8b\u4f5c\u51fa\u51b2\u52a8\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c'\u6211\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u8ba9\u6211\u751f\u6c14 - \u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u7136\u6211\u8981\u5927\u558a\u5927\u53eb'\uff09; \u6216\u56de\u907f\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u6109\u5feb\u7684\u5185\u5728\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c'\u6211\u907f\u5f00\u6211\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u6211\uff0c \u4ee5\u514d\u6211\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u7126\u8651'\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Committed action <\/strong>refers to engaging in patterns of behaviors or actions that are consistent with our chosen values. For example, if one of our chosen directions is to have self-compassion, then taking time each day for self-care and reflection is a committed action.\u00a0 Commitment requires acceptance and defusion of barriers that inevitably get in the way. Commitment is not about being perfect and never failing, but about the willingness of making a 100% commitment in the present moment. If one fails, one persists and gets back on track again. Committed action can be built from small steps to larger steps. Committed action is about the process and quality of action rather than some distant outcome.\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u627f\u8bfa\u884c\u52a8<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u662f\u6307\u6295\u5165\u5230\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u6148\u60b2\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6bcf\u5929\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u6211\u7167\u987e\u548c\u53cd\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u627f\u8bfa\u8981\u6c42\u505a\u597d\u63a5\u7eb3\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u79bb\u90a3\u4e9b\u6321\u4f4f\u9053\u8def\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u969c\u788d\u3002 \u627f\u8bfa\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5e76\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u505a\u51fa100\uff05\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\u610f\u613f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u627f\u8afe\u4e2d\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u8981\u575a\u6301\u5e76\u518d\u6b21\u56de\u5230\u6b63\u8f68\u3002 <span>\u6211\u5011<\/span>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5c0f\u6b65\u9aa4\u5230\u66f4\u5927\u6b65\u9aa4\u6784\u5efa\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u9065\u4e0d\u53ef\u53ca\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>ACT is about increasing our <strong>psychological flexibility.<\/strong> It is about using the ACT processes to help us lead a more meaningful life regardless of difficulties. It is about not getting caught up with our thinking and feelings ... cultivating a willingness to experience whatever is here rather than avoiding it \u2026 being in the present moment \u2026 as an observing self \u2026 being clear about what we care about \u2026 and committing to taking meaningful actions based on our values.\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">ACT\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u9ad8\u6211\u4eec\u7684<strong>\u5fc3\u7406\u7075\u6d3b\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528ACT\u6d41\u7a0b\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u65e0\u8bba\u600e\u6837\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u53bb\u8fc7\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4e0d\u88ab\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u548c\u611f\u53d7\u6240\u7ea0\u7f20...... \u57f9\u517b\u53bb\u4f53\u9a8c\u6240\u6709\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u610f\u613f\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53bb\u9003\u907f......\u6d3b\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b......\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u81ea\u6211......\u660e\u786e\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u4e1c\u897f......\u5e76\u627f\u8bfa\u57fa\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u91c7\u53d6\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002 <\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h5><strong>Group Empowerment Psychoeducation (GEP)<\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Empowerment <\/strong>is both a concept and a process that leads to desired outcomes. It has been applied in health and social care for more than six decades. Empowerment processes are underpinned by social justice and equity principles. Evidence shows that people who feel disempowered or powerless tend to experience worse health.\r\n<strong><span lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u8d4b\u6743<\/span><\/strong><span lang=\"EN-US\">, \u65e2<\/span><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-size: 1em\">\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e26\u6765\u9884\u671f\u6210\u679c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u6000\u9886\u57df\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\u516d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u8d4b\u6743\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ee5\u793e\u4f1a\u6b63\u4e49\u548c\u516c\u5e73\u539f\u5219\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u611f\u5230\u65e0\u6743<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 1em\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-size: 1em\">\u65e0\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u8eab\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"page-break-before\"><strong>Empowerment<\/strong> is a social-action process that promotes participation of people, organizations, and communities. The goal of empowerment is to build capacity among individuals and communities in identifying their needs, challenges, strengths, and strategies to improve their collective health and wellbeing. It can be applied and evaluated at three levels \u2013 individual, organizational, and community.\r\n<strong>\u8d4b\u6743 <\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4eba\u4eec\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u793e\u533a\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u8d4b\u6743\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u533a\u80fd\u66f4\u5145\u5206\u5730\u786e\u8ba4\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6539\u5584\u673a\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u798f\u7949\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u6311\u6218\u3001\u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u8d4b\u6743\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u793e\u533a\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u6765\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>GEP consists of four key concepts and\/or principles<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">.<\/span> These key concepts and principles work in tandem to support individuals and groups in sustaining personal and collective empowerment and psychological flexibility, especially in the areas of defusing from societal rules and stories that are disempowering and limiting full-valued living.\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>GEP<\/strong><strong>\u7531\u56db\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4ee5\u53ca<\/strong><strong>\/\u6216\u8005\u539f\u5219\u800c\u7ec4\u6210<\/strong><\/span><strong>\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u539f\u5219\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u7fa4\u4f53\u7ef4\u6301\u4e2a\u4eba\u4ee5\u53ca\u96c6\u4f53\u7684\u8d4b\u6743\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u5404\u79cd\u524a\u5f31\u5176\u6743\u80fd\u548c\u9650\u5236\u5176\u6240\u6709\u751f\u6d3b\u4ef7\u503c\u5b8c\u5168\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u793e\u4f1a\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u89e3\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\u3002\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li><strong>Social Justice and Equity: <\/strong>Social justice is a set of principles and guidelines to ensure that the rights of all people in society are considered in a fair and equitable manner; for example, the right to live in a stigma-free environment, the right to employment and income, etc. Equity goes beyond equality to ensure that marginalized and disadvantaged groups have access to the resources that enable them to reach their full potential in all aspects of life.\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u6b63\u4e0e\u5e73\u7b49<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">: <\/strong>\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u6b63\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u539f\u5219\u548c\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u53ef\u4ee5\u516c\u6b63\u548c\u516c\u5e73\u5730\u8003\u8651\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u516c\u5e73\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5904\u5728\u8fb9\u7f18\u5316\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u6f5c\u529b\u3002<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Empathy and Compassion: <\/strong>Empathy is our ability to recognize, understand, and resonate with the emotion of others. Compassion includes empathy and takes a step further - it is a way of being with the ability to hold our own emotional reactions mindfully without judgement or outburst, and the desire to relieve other people\u2019s suffering as well as our own suffering (self-compassion). Compassion can be cultivated through mindfulness practice and connecting to our values. It can enhance defusion and acceptance. It is a way of being that facilitates committed action toward social justice and equity, including the desire to eliminate stigma and discrimination towards people living with mental illness that cause suffering.\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u540c\u7406\u5fc3\u4ee5\u53ca\u6148\u60b2\u5fc3<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">: <\/strong>\u540c\u7406\u5fc3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u8ba4\u77e5\u3001\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u4ea7\u751f\u60c5\u611f\u5171\u9e23\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u607b\u9690\u5fc3\u5305\u62ec\u540c\u7406\u5fc3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e8e\u6b64\u3002\u5373\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u3001\u975e\u8bc4\u5224\u5730\u3001\u975e\u7206\u53d1\u5f0f\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u6211\u60c5\u7eea\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6e34\u671b\u51cf\u8f7b\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u6211\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u5584\u610f(\u81ea\u6211\u6148\u60b2)\u3002\u607b\u9690\u5fc3\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u5ff5\u7ec3\u4e60\u548c\u8054\u7ed3\u81ea\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u6765\u57f9\u517b\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u89e3\u79bb\u548c\u63a5\u7eb3\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4ee5\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u6b63\u4e49\u548c\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u7279\u8d28\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u5e0c\u671b\u6d88\u9664\u5bf9\u8eab\u53d7\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\u56f0\u6270\u4e4b\u4eba\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b67\u89c6\u3002<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Interdependence: <\/strong>Our health and wellbeing are determined by a myriad of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors at the local and global levels. Awareness of our interconnectedness enables us to recognize our shared values toward humanity; for example, climate change and food insecurity, the impact of public policies on our access to education or healthcare, etc. Our understanding of interdependence enables us to focus on our values and take action collectively to achieve our common goals based on social justice and equity.\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u798f\u7949\u6df1\u53d7\u5f53\u5730\u4e43\u81f3\u5168\u7403\u5404\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u4f17\u591a\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u73af\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\u3002 \u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u4eba\u6027\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u666e\u4e16\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2; \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u7cae\u98df\u77ed\u7f3a\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u83b7\u5f97\u6559\u80b2\u6216\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u5065\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u7b49\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u5e76\u5171\u540c\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u5b9e\u73b0\u6211\u4eec\u57fa\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u6b63\u4e49\u548c\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u5171\u540c\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Collective Empowerment <\/strong>is the synergistic interactions between individuals, organizations, and communities. Empowering processes include awareness raising, critical reflection, open dialogue, capacity building, and shared leadership, which together contribute to increased partnership and collaboration to achieve shared goals to improve collective wellbeing and health equity.\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u96c6\u4f53<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u8d4b\u6743<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> <\/span>\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u793e\u533a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u540c\u4e92\u52a8\u3002\u8d4b\u6743\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5305\u62ec\u63d0\u9ad8\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u516c\u5f00\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u80fd\u529b\u5efa\u8bbe\u548c\u5171\u540c\u9886\u5bfc\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u589e\u8fdb\u4f19\u4f34\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5171\u540c\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u96c6\u4f53\u798f\u7949\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u5e73\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">In ACE-LYNX, ACT and GEP work synergistically through six ACT and four GEP processes that are interconnected.\r\n<\/strong><strong>\u5728<\/strong><strong>ACE-LYNX<\/strong><strong>\u4e2d\uff0c<\/strong><strong>ACT<\/strong><strong>\u4e0e<\/strong><strong>GEP<\/strong><strong>\u534f\u540c\u5408\u4f5c<\/strong><strong>\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u7684\u516d\u4e2a<\/strong><strong>ACT\u6d41\u7a0b<\/strong><strong>\u4ee5\u53ca<\/strong><strong>4<\/strong><strong>\u4e2a<\/strong><strong>GEP\u6d41\u7a0b<\/strong><strong>\u3002<\/strong>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400\">The ACE activities combine direct <strong>experiential learning <\/strong>that builds on participants\u2019 past experiences and existing knowledge, and <strong>focused critical reflection<\/strong> that enables participants to become aware of their internal struggles (e.g., fusion with judgemental ideas or rigid self-identity) and the social determinants of their wellbeing (e.g., access to social support or workplace safety).\r\nACE\u6d3b\u52a8\u65e2\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u8fc7\u53bb\u5df2\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u73b0\u6709\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u4f53\u9a8c\u5f0f\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u53c8\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd<strong>\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u53cd\u601d<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u53cd\u601d\u4f7f\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u5185\u5fc3\u7684\u6323\u624e\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e0e\u6279\u8a55\u6027\u60f3\u6cd5\u6216\u50f5\u5316\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u798f\u7949\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u7531\u793e\u4f1a\u56e0\u7d20\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u793e\u4f1a\u652f\u6301\u7684\u96be\u6613\uff0c\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u573a\u6240\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u3002<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">The ACE activities also engage participants in <strong>collaborative learning<\/strong> and <strong>critical dialogue<\/strong> to exchange ideas, perspectives, and insights, generate new knowledge, develop mutual and supportive relationships, identify shared values, and work collectively to achieve their collective goals (e.g., promote student mental health; address stigma)\r\nACE\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fd8\u4f7f\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u53c2\u4e0e\u56e2\u4f53<strong>\u534f\u4f5c\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5bf9\u8bdd<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ea4\u6d41\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u6d1e\u89c1\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u76f8\u4e92\u652f\u6301\u7684\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u5171\u540c\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u96c6\u4f53\u76ee\u6807\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5b66\u751f\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\uff1b\u5e94\u5bf9\u6c61\u540d\u5316\uff09\u3002<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>References \u53c2\u8003<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">On ACT:<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Fletcher, L., &amp; Hayes, S. C. (2005). Relational frame theory, acceptance and commitment therapy, and a functional analytic definition of mindfulness. Journal of Rational-Emotive &amp; Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 23(4), 315-336. doi:10.1007\/s10942-005-0017-7<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Hayes, S. C., Levin, M. E., Plumb-Vilardaga, J., Villatte, J. L., &amp; Pistorello, J. (2013). Acceptance and commitment therapy and contextual behavioral science: Examining the progress of a distinctive model of behavioral and cognitive therapy. Behavior Therapy, 44(2), 180-198. doi:10.1016\/j.beth.2009.08.002<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">On GEP:<\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Lindacher, V., Curbach, J., Warrelmann, B., Brandstetter, S., &amp; Loss, J. (2018). Evaluation of empowerment in health promotion interventions: A systematic review.Evaluation &amp; the Health Professions,\u00a041(3), 351-392. doi:10.1177\/0163278716688065<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Wallerstein, N., Oetzel, J. G., Sanchez-Youngman, S., Boursaw, B., Dickson, E., Kastelic, S., . . . Duran, B. (2020). Engage for equity: A long-term study of community-based participatory research and community-engaged research practices and outcomes.Health Education &amp; Behavior,\u00a047(3), 380-390. doi:10.1177\/1090198119897075<\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Israel, B. A., Checkoway, B., Schulz, A. &amp; Zimmerman, M. (1994). Health education and community empowerment: Conceptualizing and measuring perceptions of individual, organizational, and community control.\u00a0 <\/span>Health Education Quarterly, 21<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">(2), 149-170.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","rendered":"<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Objective<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Orientate participants to the ACE model, including the integrated Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Group Empowerment Pscychoeducation (GEP) core concepts, principles, and process.<br \/>\n\u5e2e\u52a9\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u4e86\u89e3ACE, \u5305\u62ec\u63a5\u7eb3\u627f\u8bfa\u7597\u6cd5(ACT)\u53ca\u8ce6\u6b0a\u5fc3\u7406\u6559\u80b2(GEP) \u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u539f\u5219\u53ca\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Suggested Time \u5efa\u8bae\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>20 minutes 20 \u5206\u949f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Number of Facilitators \u5c0f\u7ec4\u5e26\u9886\u8005\u4eba\u6570<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Brief Description \u7b80\u8ff0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">The facilitator shows powerpoint slides on ACE and explains the integrated ACT + GEP core concepts and 4 processes.<br \/>\n\u5e26\u9886\u8005\u5c55\u793aACE\u5e7b\u706f\u7247\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u91ca\u7efc\u5408ACT\u53caGEP\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Materials \u6559\u6750<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Powerpoint slides \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/375\/2023\/06\/ACE-LYNX-Intervention\u63a5\u7d0d\u627f\u8afe\u8207\u8ce6\u6b0a\u7406\u8ad6\u6a21\u578b.pptx\">ACE-LYNX Intervention\u63a5\u7d0d\u627f\u8afe\u8207\u8ce6\u6b0a\u7406\u8ad6\u6a21\u578b<\/a><br \/>\nPPT \u5e7b\u706f\u7247<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Sample Script \u793a\u4f8b\u811a\u672c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/375\/2023\/03\/ACE-Model-300x288.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"420\" height=\"403\" class=\"wp-image-975 aligncenter\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/375\/2023\/03\/ACE-Model-300x288.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/375\/2023\/03\/ACE-Model-65x62.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/375\/2023\/03\/ACE-Model-225x216.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/375\/2023\/03\/ACE-Model-350x336.jpg 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/375\/2023\/03\/ACE-Model.jpg 555w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\" \/><\/h5>\n<h5><strong>Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The ACT model of psychological flexibility consists of 6 important psychological processes<\/strong>. Let\u2019s look at what typically gets us stuck and how ACT processes may help us.<br \/>\nACT\u5fc3\u7406\u5f39\u6027\u6a21\u578b\u7531\u516d\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u7ec4\u6210\u3002 \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u600e\u6837\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u4ee5\u53caACT\u6d41\u7a0b\u80fd\u591f\u5982\u4f55\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cognitive fusion <\/strong>occurs when we treat our \u2018thoughts\u2019 literally as \u2018reality\u2019, as if \u2018thoughts\u2019 and \u2018reality\u2019 are fused as one. Thinking helps us function efficiently and make sense of the world \u2013 so we tend to see and experience everything through the lens of our thoughts most of the time. We usually don\u2019t question what our thoughts are telling us. Our thoughts make sense to us. For example, \u201cthe earth is round\u201d \u2026 \u201cfire is hotter than ice\u201d \u2026 and \u201chell is hotter than earth\u201d \u2026 when I say each of these sentences, they all sound real and logical to you, and you will not dispute them, even if you have never been to hell. As you listen to me talking now, you are probably busy thinking and making sense out of what I am saying, and so, our act of thinking and sense making is automatic and transparent to us. Most of the time, this isn\u2019t a problem, and our ability to think is amazingly helpful. However, in some cases, being \u2018fused\u2019 with our thoughts can get us completely stuck. No matter how \u2018true\u2019 or \u2018false\u2019 these thoughts are, they are actually all just thoughts.\u00a0 For example, if you become fused with certain assumptions like \u2018People are mean, and I can\u2019t trust others\u2019 and treat this as \u2018reality\u2019, how may this affect your participation in this group now? If we get stuck with always believing in our thoughts, how may it affect our actions in our lives?<br \/>\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u8ba4\u77e5\u878d\u5408<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> &#8211; \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u300c\u60f3\u6cd5\u300d\u5f53\u4f5c\u300c\u73b0\u5b9e\u300d\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f<strong>\u8ba4\u77e5\u878d\u5408<\/strong>\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u300c\u60f3\u6cd5\u300d\u548c\u300c\u73b0\u5b9e\u300d\u5df2\u878d\u5408\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u3002\u601d\u8003\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8fd0\u4f5c\u5e76\u7406\u89e3\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u95f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u955c\u7247\u6765\u770b\u5f85\u548c\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d28\u7591\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u5728\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u6709\u6761\u6709\u7406\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u300c\u5730\u7403\u662f\u5706\u7684\u300d&#8230;&#8230; \u300c\u706b\u6bd4\u51b0\u70ed\u300d&#8230;&#8230; \u300c\u5730\u72f1\u6bd4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u70ed\u300d&#8230;&#8230; \u5f53\u6211\u4e00\u53e5\u53e5\u8bf4\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u4f60\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u800c\u5408\u4e4e\u903b\u8f91\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u5f02\u8bae\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4f60\u4ece\u672a\u53bb\u8fc7\u5730\u72f1\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u542c\u6211\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u6b63\u5fd9\u7740\u601d\u8003\u5e76\u7406\u89e3\u6211\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u601d\u8003\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u548c\u4e0d\u6613\u5bdf\u89c9\u7684\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u8003\u80fd\u529b\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u7740\u795e\u5947\u7684\u52a9\u76ca\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u300c\u878d\u5408\u300d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60f3\u6cd5\u591a\u4e48\u300c\u771f\u5b9e\u300d\u6216\u300c\u865a\u5047\u300d\uff0c\u60f3\u6cd5\u5c31\u53ea\u662f\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u878d\u5408\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u300c\u4eba\u662f\u5351\u9119\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u76f8\u4fe1\u522b\u4eba\u300d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u300c\u73b0\u5b9e\u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7ec4\u4f1a\u6709\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u662f\u76f8\u4fe1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4f1a\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5f71\u54cd\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/li>\n<li>An alternative is <strong>Cognitive Defusion<\/strong> \u2013 this means getting unstuck from our thinking. We can recognize our thoughts as only thoughts \u2013 no more and no less \u2013 no matter how convincing they sound. If you say to yourself \u2018I can\u2019t trust others here\u2019 \u2026 vs. \u2018I am having the thought that \u2018I can\u2019t trust others here\u2019 \u2026 do you observe any difference? In this case, defusion helps us more fully participate in the group. By practicing defusion, we can foster our capacity to experience thoughts as thoughts, rather than always rigidly following our thoughts, even when they are not helpful to us.<br \/>\n\u4e00\u79cd\u66ff\u4ee3\u505a\u6cd5\u662f<strong>\u8ba4\u77e5\u89e3\u79bb<\/strong> &#8211; \u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u8003\u4e2d\u89e3\u8131\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u53ea\u662f\u5f53\u4f5c\u60f3\u6cd5\u2013 \u4e0d\u591a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5c11\u2013 \u65e0\u8bba\u5b83\u4eec\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u591a\u4e48\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u3002\u8b6c\u5982,\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u8bf4\u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u5c0f\u7ec4\u91cc\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u201d&#8230;&#8230; \u5bf9\u6bd4\u201c\u6211\u5728\u60f3,\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u5c0f\u7ec4\u91cc\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u201d&#8230;&#8230; \u4f60\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u89e3\u79bb\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u5145\u5206\u5730\u53c2\u4e0e\u5c0f\u7ec4\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec3\u4e60\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u57f9\u517b\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u4f53\u9a8c\u60f3\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5373\u4f7f\u60f3\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u603b\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u9075\u4ece\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/li>\n<li>As human beings, we tend to avoid unpleasant and unwanted thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations, or memories. This <strong>Experiential Avoidance<\/strong> may sometimes be costly to our wellbeing, ineffective, or unnecessary. Although it may be our natural reaction to turn away from unpleasant and difficulty experiences, the act of avoidance may actually add to our own struggle and suffering.\u00a0 For example, if a person is scared of the dark and always sleeps with the light on and avoids the dark at all times, what would happen to this fear? What happens to his life if he avoids more and more? Soon, he may not even dare to go outside at night. What happens when there is a total blackout then?<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4eba\u4eba\u90fd\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u907f\u514d\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u9002\u7684\u6216\u4e0d\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u611f\u53d7\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u611f\u89c9\u6216\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd<strong>\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5f0f\u56de\u907f<\/strong>\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u635f\u5bb3\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u3002<\/span><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53bb\u6446\u8131\u4e0d\u6109\u5feb\u548c\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4f46\u56de\u907f\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u589e\u6dfb\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6323\u624e\u548c\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5bb3\u6015\u9ed1\u6697\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u5728\u706f\u5149\u4e0b\u7761\u89c9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u76f4\u56de\u907f\u9ed1\u6697\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u79cd\u6050\u60e7\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u56de\u907f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4f1a\u600e\u6837\u5462\uff1f\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u90fd\u4e0d\u6562\u665a\u4e0a\u51fa\u95e8\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5f53\u7a81\u7136\u5168\u9762\u505c\u7535\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/li>\n<li>An alternative to avoidance is <strong>Acceptance<\/strong>. It is the willingness to experience what thoughts and feelings are here, rather than trying to avoid, change, or suppress them.\u00a0\u00a0 It is not about \u2018giving up\u2019 or \u2018enjoying negativity\u2019, but rather, about experiencing whatever is already here \u2013 pleasant or unpleasant \u2013 without any struggle.<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4ee3\u66ff\u56de\u907f\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u662f<\/span><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u63a5<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u7eb3<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u3002\u613f\u610f\u4f53\u9a8c\u73b0\u5b58\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u548c\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8bd5\u56fe\u56de\u907f\u3001\u6539\u53d8\u6216\u538b\u5236\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u63a5\u7eb3\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u653e\u5f03\u201d\u6216\u201c\u7518\u4e8e\u6d88\u6781\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53bb\u4f53\u9a8c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4f53\u9a8c &#8211; \u6109\u5feb\u6216\u4e0d\u6109\u5feb \u2013 \u4e0d\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u6323\u624e\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Dominance of the conceptualized past and feared future &#8211; <\/strong>sometimes we suffer the most when we are stuck thinking about the <strong>past<\/strong>, such as when we have been hurt in the past, e.g., bullied or abused, or when we have done things we regret. We may then be feeling sad, hurt, guilty, or angry all the time. Or we can get caught up in worrying about the <strong>future<\/strong> and things that have not happen yet.<br \/>\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u88ab<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u548c<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u6050\u60e7\u7684<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u672a\u6765<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u6240\u64cd\u63a7<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> &#8211; \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9677\u5165<strong>\u8fc7\u5f80<\/strong>\u7684\u601d\u7eea\u800c\u505c\u6ede\u4e0d\u524d\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u66f4\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u7ecf\u53d7\u8fc7\u53bb\u8bf8\u5982\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eba\u6b3a\u51cc\u6216\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u66fe\u7ecf\u505a\u8fc7\u7684\u540e\u6094\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u611f\u5230\u60b2\u4f24\u3001\u53d7\u4f24\u3001\u5185\u759a\u3001\u6216\u6124\u6012\u3002\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9677\u5165\u5bf9<strong>\u672a\u6765<\/strong>\u548c\u5c1a\u672a\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Contact with the present moment <\/strong>is about shifting our attention to what is happening here and now, including our thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations, and external stimuli such as sound, sight, smell, etc. Training our ability to attend to the present moment can get us less stuck with our thoughts about our past or future. It helps us appreciate what is currently here now and respond more fully and effectively to the present situation. It also means taking ourselves off the \u2018auto-pilot\u2019 mode. For example, while driving or taking transit, we may \u2018wake-up\u2019 from our thinking only when get to the destination without really being present to the full experience of the journey along the way.<br \/>\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u6d3b\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e0a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u611f\u53d7\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u611f\u89c9\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u5982\u58f0\u97f3\u3001\u89c6\u89c9\u3001\u55c5\u89c9\u7b49\u3002\u8bad\u7ec3\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u518d\u6c89\u8ff7\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u6216\u672a\u6765\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4f53\u6703\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e76\u66f4\u5145\u5206\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5e94\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5f62\u52bf\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8131\u79bb\u201c\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76\u201d\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002 \u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u9a7e\u9a76\u6216\u4e58\u5750\u516c\u4ea4\u8f66\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u65f6\u624d\u4f1a\u4ece\u601d\u8651\u4e2d\u201c\u9192\u6765\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u771f\u6b63\u6c89\u6d78\u5165\u6cbf\u9014\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Attachment to the conceptualized self<\/strong> refers to being too rigidly stuck with our fused identities based on ideas, concepts, and stories about who we are. Normally, knowing our strengths or our social roles, such as our particular job at school or work or the roles in the family and society, can be helpful, because we know what we need to do. But being rigidly fused with a role means that you can feel like losing a sense of \u2018self\u2019 when such a role is lost or has changed. For example, if you totally identify yourself as being an athlete, what happens if you get injured and can never run again? Further, being fused rigidly with ideas about ourselves, e.g., \u2018I\u2019m not an adventurous person, so I can never try new things\u2019, can also restrict how we lead our lives and what we choose to pursue.<br \/>\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u5bf9\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u81ea\u6211\u7684<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u6267\u7740<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u662f\u6307\u6211\u4eec\u8fc7\u5206\u62d8\u6ce5\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u6545\u4e8b\u4e0a\u6709\u5173\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u8c01\u7684\u201c\u878d\u5408\u8eab\u4efd\u201d\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u77e5\u6653\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e0e\u89d2\u8272\u987d\u56fa\u5730\u878d\u5408\u5219\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f53\u4f60\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u6216\u8005\u89d2\u8272\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u79cd\u5931\u53bb\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u201d\u611f\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5b8c\u5168\u8ba4\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u8fd0\u52a8\u5458\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53d7\u4f24\u5e76\u4e14\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8dd1\u6b65\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u6837\uff1f\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u987d\u56fa\u5730\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5192\u9669\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c1d\u8bd5\u65b0\u4e8b\u7269\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u600e\u6837\u53bb\u8fc7\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4eba\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u53bb\u8ffd\u6c42\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ea7\u751f\u9650\u5236\u3002 <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Self-as-context <\/strong>refers to freeing ourselves from a restrictive fused identity or conceptualized self, and instead, realizing that there is a part of us that is actually like the context, i.e., the background or the container, in which our inner experiences like thoughts, feelings, memories, etc. occur. Being the container is more flexible and resilient than its contents. If you were a cup, yesterday you may contain sour milk, today you may contain coffee, and tomorrow you may contain juice. So, if we are like a container, we may come to realize that our difficult thoughts and feelings that we do not want, or conversely, treasured roles that we want to hang on to, will all come and go, while we are resilient and always ready to experience the present moment and new possibilities. This is also called the \u201cobserver self.\u201d\u00a0 From your experience and perspective, \u201cyou\u201d have always been \u201cyou\u201d throughout your whole life, while all other things about you (that isn\u2019t actually &#8220;you&#8221;) are constantly changing \u2013 e.g. thoughts, feelings, body, roles, stories, memories, etc.<br \/>\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4ee5\u5df1\u4e3a\u666f<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u4ece\u9650\u5236\u6027\u7684\u3001\u878d\u5408\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u6216\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u4e2d\u89e3\u653e\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u60c5\u666f\uff0c\u5373\u80cc\u666f\u6216\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u76db\u88c5\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5fc3\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u5373\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u611f\u53d7\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7b49\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u6bd4\u53ea\u505a\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u66f4\u6709\u5f39\u6027\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u676f\u5b50\uff0c\u6628\u5929\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u88c5\u7740\u9178\u5976\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u88c5\u7740\u5496\u5561\uff0c\u660e\u5929\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u88c5\u7740\u679c\u6c41\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u6709\u5f39\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u968f\u65f6\u51c6\u5907\u4f53\u9a8c\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u548c\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u548c\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u6216\u76f8\u53cd\u5730\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u73cd\u60dc\u7684\u3001\u60f3\u8981\u6293\u4f4f\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5168\u90fd\u4f1a\u6765\u6765\u53bb\u53bb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u201d\u3002\u4ece\u4f60\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u89c2\u70b9\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8d2f\u7a7f\u4f60\u6574\u4e2a\u4e00\u751f\uff0c\u201c\u4f60\u201d\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u4f60\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u5173\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff08\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e76\u975e&#8221;\u4f60&#8221;\uff09\u90fd\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316 &#8211; \u4f8b\u5982\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u611f\u53d7\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u3001\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u6545\u4e8b\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Lack of values clarity <\/strong>refers to not being in touch with our chosen values or what really matters to us. We may end up just doing things based on routine or habit without looking deeper at the meaning behind our actions. Our actions may be guided by our fusion to rules and stories and we may be stuck without realizing it. We may also just be busy avoiding things that provoke negative emotions like fear, anxiety, and sadness.<br \/>\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4ef7\u503c<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4e0d\u6e05<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u662f\u6307\u4e0d\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u6216\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u771f\u6b63\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u4fdd\u6301\u8054\u7ed3\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u6700\u7ec8\u53d8\u5f97\u53ea\u662f\u6839\u636e\u5e38\u89c4\u6216\u4e60\u60ef\u505a\u4e8b\u60c5\u800c\u4e0d\u53bb\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u6211\u4eec\u884c\u4e3a\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u9075\u4ece\u8457\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u9677\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u610f\u8bc6\u4e0d\u5230\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u5fd9\u7740\u56de\u907f\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u6050\u60e7\u3001\u7126\u8651\u548c\u60b2\u4f24\u7b49\u8d1f\u9762\u60c5\u7eea\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"page-break-before\"><strong>Values <\/strong>refer to being clear and in touch with meaningful chosen life directions and what matters to us. Values are different from goals in that they are not something that one can check off and complete, nor are they dependent on outcomes in some distant future. Rather, values are ever-present as directions that guide us and give our actions and our lives meaning and purpose.<br \/>\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2<\/strong>\u662f\u6307\u80fd\u591f\u8ba4\u6e05\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u6240\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4fdd\u6301\u8054\u7ed3\u3002\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5212\u6389\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u9065\u8fdc\u672a\u6765\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 \u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u5728\uff0c\u6307\u5bfc\u6211\u4eec\u524d\u8fdb\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5e76\u8d4b\u4e88\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4eba\u751f\u4ee5\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>Inaction, impulsivity, or avoidance <\/strong>are patterns of behaviors that lead to more suffering and away from leading a meaningful life. For example, we may not take actions towards our values (e.g., \u2018I should take better care of myself, but I\u2019m just too busy\u2019); impulsively react to our emotions, thoughts, and stories (e.g., \u2018my friend made me angry \u2013 so of course I screamed and yelled\u2019); or avoid valued actions and situations that may risk unpleasant inner experiences (e.g., \u2018I avoid my friends, in case they may not like me or I may feel anxious\u2019).<br \/>\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4e0d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u3001<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u51b2\u52a8\u6216<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u56de\u907f<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4ee4\u6211\u4eec\u8499\u53d7\u66f4\u591a\u75db\u82e6\u548c\u8fdc\u79bb\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6a21\u5f0f<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u6309\u7167\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c&#8217;\u6211\u5e94\u8be5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7167\u987e\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u592a\u5fd9\u4e86&#8217;\uff09; \u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u3001\u60f3\u6cd5\u548c\u6545\u4e8b\u4f5c\u51fa\u51b2\u52a8\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c&#8217;\u6211\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u8ba9\u6211\u751f\u6c14 &#8211; \u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u7136\u6211\u8981\u5927\u558a\u5927\u53eb&#8217;\uff09; \u6216\u56de\u907f\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u6109\u5feb\u7684\u5185\u5728\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c&#8217;\u6211\u907f\u5f00\u6211\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u6211\uff0c \u4ee5\u514d\u6211\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u7126\u8651&#8217;\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Committed action <\/strong>refers to engaging in patterns of behaviors or actions that are consistent with our chosen values. For example, if one of our chosen directions is to have self-compassion, then taking time each day for self-care and reflection is a committed action.\u00a0 Commitment requires acceptance and defusion of barriers that inevitably get in the way. Commitment is not about being perfect and never failing, but about the willingness of making a 100% commitment in the present moment. If one fails, one persists and gets back on track again. Committed action can be built from small steps to larger steps. Committed action is about the process and quality of action rather than some distant outcome.<br \/>\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u627f\u8bfa\u884c\u52a8<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u662f\u6307\u6295\u5165\u5230\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u6148\u60b2\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6bcf\u5929\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u6211\u7167\u987e\u548c\u53cd\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u627f\u8bfa\u8981\u6c42\u505a\u597d\u63a5\u7eb3\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u79bb\u90a3\u4e9b\u6321\u4f4f\u9053\u8def\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u969c\u788d\u3002 \u627f\u8bfa\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5e76\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u505a\u51fa100\uff05\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\u610f\u613f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u627f\u8afe\u4e2d\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u8981\u575a\u6301\u5e76\u518d\u6b21\u56de\u5230\u6b63\u8f68\u3002 <span>\u6211\u5011<\/span>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5c0f\u6b65\u9aa4\u5230\u66f4\u5927\u6b65\u9aa4\u6784\u5efa\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u9065\u4e0d\u53ef\u53ca\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li>ACT is about increasing our <strong>psychological flexibility.<\/strong> It is about using the ACT processes to help us lead a more meaningful life regardless of difficulties. It is about not getting caught up with our thinking and feelings &#8230; cultivating a willingness to experience whatever is here rather than avoiding it \u2026 being in the present moment \u2026 as an observing self \u2026 being clear about what we care about \u2026 and committing to taking meaningful actions based on our values.<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">ACT\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u9ad8\u6211\u4eec\u7684<strong>\u5fc3\u7406\u7075\u6d3b\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528ACT\u6d41\u7a0b\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u65e0\u8bba\u600e\u6837\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u53bb\u8fc7\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4e0d\u88ab\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u548c\u611f\u53d7\u6240\u7ea0\u7f20&#8230;&#8230; \u57f9\u517b\u53bb\u4f53\u9a8c\u6240\u6709\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u610f\u613f\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53bb\u9003\u907f&#8230;&#8230;\u6d3b\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b&#8230;&#8230;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u81ea\u6211&#8230;&#8230;\u660e\u786e\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u4e1c\u897f&#8230;&#8230;\u5e76\u627f\u8bfa\u57fa\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u91c7\u53d6\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002 <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><strong>Group Empowerment Psychoeducation (GEP)<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Empowerment <\/strong>is both a concept and a process that leads to desired outcomes. It has been applied in health and social care for more than six decades. Empowerment processes are underpinned by social justice and equity principles. Evidence shows that people who feel disempowered or powerless tend to experience worse health.<br \/>\n<strong><span lang=\"ZH-CN\">\u8d4b\u6743<\/span><\/strong><span lang=\"EN-US\">, \u65e2<\/span><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-size: 1em\">\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e26\u6765\u9884\u671f\u6210\u679c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u6000\u9886\u57df\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\u516d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u8d4b\u6743\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ee5\u793e\u4f1a\u6b63\u4e49\u548c\u516c\u5e73\u539f\u5219\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u611f\u5230\u65e0\u6743<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 1em\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"ZH-CN\" style=\"font-size: 1em\">\u65e0\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u8eab\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"page-break-before\"><strong>Empowerment<\/strong> is a social-action process that promotes participation of people, organizations, and communities. The goal of empowerment is to build capacity among individuals and communities in identifying their needs, challenges, strengths, and strategies to improve their collective health and wellbeing. It can be applied and evaluated at three levels \u2013 individual, organizational, and community.<br \/>\n<strong>\u8d4b\u6743 <\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4eba\u4eec\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u793e\u533a\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u8d4b\u6743\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u533a\u80fd\u66f4\u5145\u5206\u5730\u786e\u8ba4\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6539\u5584\u673a\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u798f\u7949\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u6311\u6218\u3001\u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u8d4b\u6743\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u793e\u533a\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u6765\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>GEP consists of four key concepts and\/or principles<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">.<\/span> These key concepts and principles work in tandem to support individuals and groups in sustaining personal and collective empowerment and psychological flexibility, especially in the areas of defusing from societal rules and stories that are disempowering and limiting full-valued living.<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>GEP<\/strong><strong>\u7531\u56db\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4ee5\u53ca<\/strong><strong>\/\u6216\u8005\u539f\u5219\u800c\u7ec4\u6210<\/strong><\/span><strong>\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u539f\u5219\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u7fa4\u4f53\u7ef4\u6301\u4e2a\u4eba\u4ee5\u53ca\u96c6\u4f53\u7684\u8d4b\u6743\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u5404\u79cd\u524a\u5f31\u5176\u6743\u80fd\u548c\u9650\u5236\u5176\u6240\u6709\u751f\u6d3b\u4ef7\u503c\u5b8c\u5168\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u793e\u4f1a\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u89e3\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Social Justice and Equity: <\/strong>Social justice is a set of principles and guidelines to ensure that the rights of all people in society are considered in a fair and equitable manner; for example, the right to live in a stigma-free environment, the right to employment and income, etc. Equity goes beyond equality to ensure that marginalized and disadvantaged groups have access to the resources that enable them to reach their full potential in all aspects of life.<br \/>\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u6b63\u4e0e\u5e73\u7b49<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">: <\/strong>\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u6b63\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u539f\u5219\u548c\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u53ef\u4ee5\u516c\u6b63\u548c\u516c\u5e73\u5730\u8003\u8651\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u516c\u5e73\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5904\u5728\u8fb9\u7f18\u5316\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u6f5c\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>Empathy and Compassion: <\/strong>Empathy is our ability to recognize, understand, and resonate with the emotion of others. Compassion includes empathy and takes a step further &#8211; it is a way of being with the ability to hold our own emotional reactions mindfully without judgement or outburst, and the desire to relieve other people\u2019s suffering as well as our own suffering (self-compassion). Compassion can be cultivated through mindfulness practice and connecting to our values. It can enhance defusion and acceptance. It is a way of being that facilitates committed action toward social justice and equity, including the desire to eliminate stigma and discrimination towards people living with mental illness that cause suffering.<br \/>\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u540c\u7406\u5fc3\u4ee5\u53ca\u6148\u60b2\u5fc3<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">: <\/strong>\u540c\u7406\u5fc3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u8ba4\u77e5\u3001\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u4ea7\u751f\u60c5\u611f\u5171\u9e23\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u607b\u9690\u5fc3\u5305\u62ec\u540c\u7406\u5fc3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e8e\u6b64\u3002\u5373\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u3001\u975e\u8bc4\u5224\u5730\u3001\u975e\u7206\u53d1\u5f0f\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u6211\u60c5\u7eea\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6e34\u671b\u51cf\u8f7b\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u6211\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u5584\u610f(\u81ea\u6211\u6148\u60b2)\u3002\u607b\u9690\u5fc3\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u5ff5\u7ec3\u4e60\u548c\u8054\u7ed3\u81ea\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u6765\u57f9\u517b\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u89e3\u79bb\u548c\u63a5\u7eb3\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4ee5\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u6b63\u4e49\u548c\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u7279\u8d28\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u5e0c\u671b\u6d88\u9664\u5bf9\u8eab\u53d7\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\u56f0\u6270\u4e4b\u4eba\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b67\u89c6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>Interdependence: <\/strong>Our health and wellbeing are determined by a myriad of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors at the local and global levels. Awareness of our interconnectedness enables us to recognize our shared values toward humanity; for example, climate change and food insecurity, the impact of public policies on our access to education or healthcare, etc. Our understanding of interdependence enables us to focus on our values and take action collectively to achieve our common goals based on social justice and equity.<br \/>\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u798f\u7949\u6df1\u53d7\u5f53\u5730\u4e43\u81f3\u5168\u7403\u5404\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u4f17\u591a\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u73af\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\u3002 \u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u4eba\u6027\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u666e\u4e16\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2; \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u7cae\u98df\u77ed\u7f3a\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u83b7\u5f97\u6559\u80b2\u6216\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u5065\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u7b49\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u5e76\u5171\u540c\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u5b9e\u73b0\u6211\u4eec\u57fa\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u6b63\u4e49\u548c\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u5171\u540c\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>Collective Empowerment <\/strong>is the synergistic interactions between individuals, organizations, and communities. Empowering processes include awareness raising, critical reflection, open dialogue, capacity building, and shared leadership, which together contribute to increased partnership and collaboration to achieve shared goals to improve collective wellbeing and health equity.<br \/>\n<strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u96c6\u4f53<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u8d4b\u6743<\/strong><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\"> <\/span>\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u793e\u533a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u540c\u4e92\u52a8\u3002\u8d4b\u6743\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5305\u62ec\u63d0\u9ad8\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u516c\u5f00\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u80fd\u529b\u5efa\u8bbe\u548c\u5171\u540c\u9886\u5bfc\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u589e\u8fdb\u4f19\u4f34\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5171\u540c\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u96c6\u4f53\u798f\u7949\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u5e73\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">In ACE-LYNX, ACT and GEP work synergistically through six ACT and four GEP processes that are interconnected.<br \/>\n<\/strong><strong>\u5728<\/strong><strong>ACE-LYNX<\/strong><strong>\u4e2d\uff0c<\/strong><strong>ACT<\/strong><strong>\u4e0e<\/strong><strong>GEP<\/strong><strong>\u534f\u540c\u5408\u4f5c<\/strong><strong>\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u7684\u516d\u4e2a<\/strong><strong>ACT\u6d41\u7a0b<\/strong><strong>\u4ee5\u53ca<\/strong><strong>4<\/strong><strong>\u4e2a<\/strong><strong>GEP\u6d41\u7a0b<\/strong><strong>\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400\">The ACE activities combine direct <strong>experiential learning <\/strong>that builds on participants\u2019 past experiences and existing knowledge, and <strong>focused critical reflection<\/strong> that enables participants to become aware of their internal struggles (e.g., fusion with judgemental ideas or rigid self-identity) and the social determinants of their wellbeing (e.g., access to social support or workplace safety).<br \/>\nACE\u6d3b\u52a8\u65e2\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u8fc7\u53bb\u5df2\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u73b0\u6709\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u4f53\u9a8c\u5f0f\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u53c8\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd<strong>\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u53cd\u601d<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u53cd\u601d\u4f7f\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u5185\u5fc3\u7684\u6323\u624e\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e0e\u6279\u8a55\u6027\u60f3\u6cd5\u6216\u50f5\u5316\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u798f\u7949\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u7531\u793e\u4f1a\u56e0\u7d20\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u793e\u4f1a\u652f\u6301\u7684\u96be\u6613\uff0c\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u573a\u6240\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">The ACE activities also engage participants in <strong>collaborative learning<\/strong> and <strong>critical dialogue<\/strong> to exchange ideas, perspectives, and insights, generate new knowledge, develop mutual and supportive relationships, identify shared values, and work collectively to achieve their collective goals (e.g., promote student mental health; address stigma)<br \/>\nACE\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fd8\u4f7f\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u53c2\u4e0e\u56e2\u4f53<strong>\u534f\u4f5c\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5bf9\u8bdd<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ea4\u6d41\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u6d1e\u89c1\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u76f8\u4e92\u652f\u6301\u7684\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u5171\u540c\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u96c6\u4f53\u76ee\u6807\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5b66\u751f\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\uff1b\u5e94\u5bf9\u6c61\u540d\u5316\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>References \u53c2\u8003<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">On ACT:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fletcher, L., &amp; Hayes, S. C. (2005). Relational frame theory, acceptance and commitment therapy, and a functional analytic definition of mindfulness. Journal of Rational-Emotive &amp; Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 23(4), 315-336. doi:10.1007\/s10942-005-0017-7<\/li>\n<li>Hayes, S. C., Levin, M. E., Plumb-Vilardaga, J., Villatte, J. L., &amp; Pistorello, J. (2013). Acceptance and commitment therapy and contextual behavioral science: Examining the progress of a distinctive model of behavioral and cognitive therapy. Behavior Therapy, 44(2), 180-198. doi:10.1016\/j.beth.2009.08.002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">On GEP:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lindacher, V., Curbach, J., Warrelmann, B., Brandstetter, S., &amp; Loss, J. (2018). Evaluation of empowerment in health promotion interventions: A systematic review.Evaluation &amp; the Health Professions,\u00a041(3), 351-392. doi:10.1177\/0163278716688065<\/li>\n<li>Wallerstein, N., Oetzel, J. G., Sanchez-Youngman, S., Boursaw, B., Dickson, E., Kastelic, S., . . . Duran, B. (2020). Engage for equity: A long-term study of community-based participatory research and community-engaged research practices and outcomes.Health Education &amp; Behavior,\u00a047(3), 380-390. doi:10.1177\/1090198119897075<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">Israel, B. A., Checkoway, B., Schulz, A. &amp; Zimmerman, M. (1994). Health education and community empowerment: Conceptualizing and measuring perceptions of individual, organizational, and community control.\u00a0 <\/span>Health Education Quarterly, 21<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">(2), 149-170.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"author":486,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-603","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":566,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/603","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/486"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/603\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1046,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/603\/revisions\/1046"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/566"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/603\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=603"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=603"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=603"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=603"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}