{"id":622,"date":"2023-03-23T05:26:46","date_gmt":"2023-03-23T09:26:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=622"},"modified":"2023-10-18T09:31:49","modified_gmt":"2023-10-18T13:31:49","slug":"stigma-rules-and-stories","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/chapter\/stigma-rules-and-stories\/","title":{"raw":"Stigma Rules and Stories \u6c61\u540d\u5316\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u6545\u4e8b","rendered":"Stigma Rules and Stories \u6c61\u540d\u5316\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u6545\u4e8b"},"content":{"raw":"<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Objectives \u76ee\u6807<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Identify unspoken internalized thoughts, rules, or stories that may perpetuate internalized and social stigma\r\n\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u81ea\u6211\u6c61\u540d\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6c61\u540d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u88ab\u5185\u5316\u4e86\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u6545\u4e8b<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ol start=\"2\">\r\n \t<li>Examine the relationship between stigma and behaviours\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4e86\u89e3\u6c61\u540d\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ol start=\"3\">\r\n \t<li>Explore the potential for personal and social change to decrease suffering caused by stigma\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u63a2\u7d22\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u9020\u6210\u7684\u75db\u82e6<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Suggested Time \u5efa\u8bae\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>45 \u2013 60 minutes 45-60 \u5206\u949f<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Number of Facilitators \u5e26\u9886\u8005\u4eba\u6570<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>1<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Brief Description \u7b80\u8ff0<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400\">This exercise helps participants to reflect on and identify the impact of personal and societal stigma around mental illness in the form of implicit rules or narratives. The participants are first guided to individually fill out a worksheet that explores their personal and societal perceptions about mental illness and their impact on their behaviours and on the society. The facilitator summarizes the participants\u2019 responses on the flipchart, highlighting the apparent link between stigmatizing perceptions and negative consequences at the individual and societal level. In debriefing the exercise, stigma and its sequelae are examined at a content level, including the issues raised and neglected, and at a process level, including the process of fusion to rules and narratives.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u8fd9\u9879\u7ec3\u4e60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u53cd\u601d\u548c\u8bc6\u522b\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4ee5\u9690\u6027\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5bf9\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u5f15\u5bfc\u7ec4\u5458\u5355\u72ec\u586b\u5199\u4e00\u4efd\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u70b9\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5c0f\u7ec4\u5e26\u9886\u8005\u5c06\u5728\u5939\u7eb8\u767d\u677f\u4e0a\u603b\u7ed3\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u56de\u7b54\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0e\u8d1f\u9762\u540e\u679c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u660e\u663e\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u9879\u7ec3\u4e60\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u5185\u5bb9\u5c42\u9762\u67e5\u9a8c\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u53ca\u5176\u9057\u6bd2\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6d6e\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u548c\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u6d41\u7a0b\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u67e5\u9a8c\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u53d9\u8ff0\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u878d\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>ACE Processes ACE \u6d41\u7a0b<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Defusion <\/strong><strong>\u89e3\u79bb<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Values <\/strong><strong>\u4ef7\u503c<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Social justice &amp; Equity <\/strong><strong>\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u4e49<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Key Learning Points \u5b66\u4e60\u8981\u70b9<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Biases and assumptions may take the form of automatic thoughts, implicit rules, or narratives in our minds and may influence us.\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u504f\u89c1\u548c\u9884\u8bbe\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8111\u6d77\u4e2d\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u9690\u542b\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u53d9\u8ff0\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u6211\u4eec\u3002<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>These perceptions may lead to internalized stigma, i.e., perceiving ourselves negatively based on certain attributes or social stigma, i.e., perceiving others negatively based on certain attributes.\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u5ff5\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e2a\u4eba\u5185\u5316\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u5316\uff0c\u5373\u57fa\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u8d1f\u9762\u5730\u770b\u5f85\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u5316\uff0c\u5373\u57fa\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u8d1f\u9762\u5730\u770b\u5f85\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Stigma may influence our behaviors in both actions and avoidance.\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u548c\u56de\u907f\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Societal biases and assumptions, which may take the form of implicit rules or narratives, may influence the whole society including us.\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u793e\u4f1a\u504f\u89c1\u548c\u9884\u8bbe\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5185\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u53d9\u8ff0\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f \u3002<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Personal and social changes against stigma and its sequalae can be facilitated by defusion and a focus on our values.\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u8ba4\u77e5\u89e3\u79bb\u548c\u5173\u6ce8\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u9488\u5bf9\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u53ca\u5176\u4f59\u6bd2\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d8\u9769\u3002<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Materials \u6559\u5b78\u7528\u5177<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/chapter\/mental-illness-stigma-reflection-worksheet\/\">Mental Illness Stigma Reflection Worksheet \u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u53cd\u601d\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Flipchart \u5939\u7eb8\u767d\u677f<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Markers \u9a6c\u514b\u7b14<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Instructions &amp; Sample Script \u8bf4\u660e\u548c\u793a\u8303\u6587\u7a3f<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Introduction - \u201cLet us look at the impact of negative biases and judgement we may make about mental illness, and how this affect ourselves and the society.\u201d\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u7b80\u4ecb - \u201c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u62b1\u6301\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u504f\u89c1\u548c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Distribute and give directions for the worksheet. \u5206\u767c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u201cOn the worksheet, you will find a list of issues related to mental illness followed by 5 reflective questions. The first couple of questions will be about your own personal perceptions around two issues you would like to focus on from the list. In reflecting on your perceptions, include any first impressions or thoughts related to these issues, or relevant rules that you may have learned over the years, or stories that you have been told or even personally experienced. For the second question, think about the impact of your perceptions on your own behaviours, including things that you would actively do because of these perceptions or things you don\u2019t do or even avoid because of them. For example, if you believe that people with mental illness are dangerous, you may avoid talking to them. For question 3, reflect on society\u2019s perceptions on two issues from the list; you may pick the same or different issues as question 1. Since societal perceptions may influence everyone, on question 4, see if you can notice any impact societal perceptions have on your own behaviours. For question 5, think about the impact of societal perceptions on people with and without mental illness, as well as on social structures, programs, polices, etc. See if you can complete this sheet over the next 10 minutes.\u201d\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u201c\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u4e0a\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u627e\u5230\u4e0e\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bae\u9898\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u662f5\u4e2a\u53cd\u601d\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5c06\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u60a8\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bae\u9898\u800c\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u53cd\u601d\u60a8\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u5305\u62ec\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bae\u9898\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u7b2c\u4e00\u5370\u8c61\u6216\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u6216\u8fc7\u53bb\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6216\u60a8\u66fe\u88ab\u544a\u8bc9\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4eb2\u8eab\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bf7\u8003\u8651\u60a8\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u5bf9\u60a8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u79ef\u6781\u53bb\u505a\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u60a8\u4e0d\u53bb\u505a\u751a\u81f3\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u53bb\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u60a3\u6709\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u5371\u9669\u7684\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ea4\u8c08\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u95ee\u98983\uff0c\u8bf7\u53cd\u601d\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u89c2\u70b9; \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u95ee\u98981\u76f8\u540c\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bae\u9898\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u89c2\u5ff5\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u95ee\u98984\u4e0a\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u89c2\u5ff5\u5bf9\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u95ee\u98985\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u793e\u4f1a\u89c2\u5ff5\u5bf9\u6709\u548c\u6ca1\u6709\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u7684\u4eba\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u653f\u7b56\u7b49\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u770b\u770b\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u768410\u5206\u949f\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u3002<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ol start=\"3\">\r\n \t<li>Summarize participants\u2019 work. On the flipchart, make a 2x2 table. Label the first column \u2013 \u201cPerceptions\u201d and the second column \u201cConsequences\u201d and the first row \u201cIndividual\u201d and the second row \u201cSocietal\u201d. Invite participants to share their work and capture this on the flipchart.\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u603b\u7ed3\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002 \u5728\u5939\u7eb8\u767d\u677f\u4e0a\uff0c\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u5f202x2\u7684\u8868\u683c\u3002 \u6807\u8bb0\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217 - \u201c\u89c2\u5ff5\u201d\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217 - \u201c\u540e\u679c\u201d\u548c\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c - \u201c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u201d\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c - \u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u201d\u3002 \u9080\u8bf7\u7ec4\u5458\u5206\u4eab\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u5e76\u5728\u767d\u7eb8\u4e0a\u5199\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u201cWould you please share your reflections on your personal or societal perceptions and how they have impacted on you at a personal level or on the society?\u201d\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u201c\u8bf7\u60a8\u5206\u4eab\u60a8\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u60a8\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u6216\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f\u201d<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ol start=\"4\">\r\n \t<li>Debrief the exercise, highlighting: \u5c0f\u7ed3\u7ec3\u4e60\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\uff1a<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>The content: the impact of stigma on topic areas that have been brought up by participants, as well as on topic areas not discussed\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u5bf9\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u672a\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>The process: the tendency of following socialized rules and stories enacted in individual behaviours and systems, and the alternative of defusion and guidance by values of compassion and equity\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u5f80\u5f80\u90fd\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u8ddf\u968f\u7740\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5904\u4e8b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u8fd0\u7528\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ee5\u607b\u9690\u5fc3\u548c\u5e73\u7b49\u4e3a\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\u3002<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Debriefing &amp; Sample Scripts \u5c0f\u7ed3\u548c\u793a\u8303\u6587\u7a3f<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\nThe impact of Stigma\u00a0 \u6c61\u540d\u5316\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u201cIn reflecting on our collective work, what strikes you most about the stigma of mental illness and its impact \u2013 at a personal level and at a societal level? Are there any particular common pervasive themes? Or important issues that need to be urgently addressed?\u201d\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u201c\u53cd\u601d\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5c0f\u7ec4\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u5c42\u9762\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u53ca\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u5f15\u8d77\u4f60\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4e9b\u8f83\u4e3a\u666e\u904d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff1f \u6216\u8005\u4e9f\u5f85\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u95ee\u9898\uff1f\u201c<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cWhile we have covered many important areas on the flipchart, there are also issues from the list that are not captured or mentioned. Why do you think that\u2019s the case? Could there be a hidden bias about not highlighting these issues? For example, did anyone reflect on our perceptions about whether people with mental illness should have their own family or children?\u201d\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u201c\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5939\u7eb8\u767d\u677f\u4e0a\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4f46\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u672a\u63d0\u53d6\u6216\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1f \u6ca1\u6709\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u5417\uff1f \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u5efa\u7acb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u751f\u513f\u80b2\u5973\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u53cd\u601d\u8fc7\u554a\uff1f\u201c<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThe fusion of stigmatizing rules and stories \u4e0e\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u878d\u5408\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u201cHow does stigma cause discrimination and inequity?\u201d\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u201c\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u81f4\u6b67\u89c6\u548c\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\uff1f\u201d<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cNotice that a lot of these biased assumptions, rules, or stories is based on ignorance, misinformation, or fear. Psychoeducation so that people have more accurate understanding and perceptions is an important response, and all of us have a role to play in this.\u201d\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6709\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u6545\u4e8b\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u65e0\u77e5\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u6050\u60e7\u3002\u8fdb\u884c\u5fc3\u7406\u6559\u80b2\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u6709\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u770b\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u201c<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u201cAnother complementary strategy that we have been learning about is the capacity for defusion, i.e., to be not so wedded to our thoughts in a rigid way. This is why it is so important to become aware of how stigma can insidiously and naturally live in our minds and our society as invisible rules and stories. As we practice defusion, we are practicing letting go of the need to stick to these rules or to literally believe in scary narratives. We can practice not taking judgmental thoughts about ourselves and about others seriously, even if these thoughts naturally come up. Our actions can be guided by our values instead of stigma, even though stigma may still be present. Can you give me an example of what you could do personally or collectively to make a personal or social change \u2013 even though there is still stigma around? What would it be like if our actions are instead guided by compassion and equity?\u201d\r\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u914d\u5408\u5fc3\u7406\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u8ba4\u77e5\u89e3\u79bb\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u8981\u8fc7\u4e8e\u62d8\u6ce5\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u9690\u853d\u800c\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u91cc\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e0\u5f62\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u7ec3\u4e60\u89e3\u79bb\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u7ec3\u4e60\u653e\u4e0b\u9075\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u610f\u5ff5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u518d\u76f2\u76ee\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u53d9\u8ff0\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60f3\u6cd5\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u5730\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec3\u4e60\u4e0d\u628a\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u4ed6\u4eba\u6709\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u5f53\u56de\u4e8b\u513f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u53ef\u80fd\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002 \u4f60\u80fd\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u8bf4\u660e\u4f60\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u6211\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u6765\u53d6\u5f97\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d8\u9769 - \u5c3d\u7ba1\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff1f \u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u4ee5\u607b\u9690\u5fc3\u548c\u516c\u5e73\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u4f1a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u201c<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Reference \u53c2\u8003<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Fung, K. P., &amp; Wong, J. P. (2014). ACT to Reduce Stigma of Mental Illness: A Group Intervention Training Manual on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Toronto, ON: Strength in Unity.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Fung, K. P., &amp; Zurowski, M. (2011). ACT protocols for CHAMP Study. Toronto, ON: Committee for Accessible AIDS Treatment.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>","rendered":"<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Objectives \u76ee\u6807<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Identify unspoken internalized thoughts, rules, or stories that may perpetuate internalized and social stigma<br \/>\n\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u81ea\u6211\u6c61\u540d\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6c61\u540d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u88ab\u5185\u5316\u4e86\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u6545\u4e8b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>Examine the relationship between stigma and behaviours<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u4e86\u89e3\u6c61\u540d\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>Explore the potential for personal and social change to decrease suffering caused by stigma<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u63a2\u7d22\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u9020\u6210\u7684\u75db\u82e6<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Suggested Time \u5efa\u8bae\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>45 \u2013 60 minutes 45-60 \u5206\u949f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Number of Facilitators \u5e26\u9886\u8005\u4eba\u6570<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Brief Description \u7b80\u8ff0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400\">This exercise helps participants to reflect on and identify the impact of personal and societal stigma around mental illness in the form of implicit rules or narratives. The participants are first guided to individually fill out a worksheet that explores their personal and societal perceptions about mental illness and their impact on their behaviours and on the society. The facilitator summarizes the participants\u2019 responses on the flipchart, highlighting the apparent link between stigmatizing perceptions and negative consequences at the individual and societal level. In debriefing the exercise, stigma and its sequelae are examined at a content level, including the issues raised and neglected, and at a process level, including the process of fusion to rules and narratives.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u8fd9\u9879\u7ec3\u4e60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u53cd\u601d\u548c\u8bc6\u522b\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4ee5\u9690\u6027\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5bf9\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u5f15\u5bfc\u7ec4\u5458\u5355\u72ec\u586b\u5199\u4e00\u4efd\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u70b9\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5c0f\u7ec4\u5e26\u9886\u8005\u5c06\u5728\u5939\u7eb8\u767d\u677f\u4e0a\u603b\u7ed3\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u56de\u7b54\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0e\u8d1f\u9762\u540e\u679c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u660e\u663e\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u9879\u7ec3\u4e60\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u5185\u5bb9\u5c42\u9762\u67e5\u9a8c\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u53ca\u5176\u9057\u6bd2\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6d6e\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u548c\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u6d41\u7a0b\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u67e5\u9a8c\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u53d9\u8ff0\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u878d\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>ACE Processes ACE \u6d41\u7a0b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Defusion <\/strong><strong>\u89e3\u79bb<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Values <\/strong><strong>\u4ef7\u503c<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Social justice &amp; Equity <\/strong><strong>\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u4e49<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Key Learning Points \u5b66\u4e60\u8981\u70b9<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Biases and assumptions may take the form of automatic thoughts, implicit rules, or narratives in our minds and may influence us.<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u504f\u89c1\u548c\u9884\u8bbe\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8111\u6d77\u4e2d\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u9690\u542b\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u53d9\u8ff0\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u6211\u4eec\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li>These perceptions may lead to internalized stigma, i.e., perceiving ourselves negatively based on certain attributes or social stigma, i.e., perceiving others negatively based on certain attributes.<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u5ff5\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e2a\u4eba\u5185\u5316\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u5316\uff0c\u5373\u57fa\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u8d1f\u9762\u5730\u770b\u5f85\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u5316\uff0c\u5373\u57fa\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u8d1f\u9762\u5730\u770b\u5f85\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Stigma may influence our behaviors in both actions and avoidance.<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u548c\u56de\u907f\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Societal biases and assumptions, which may take the form of implicit rules or narratives, may influence the whole society including us.<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u793e\u4f1a\u504f\u89c1\u548c\u9884\u8bbe\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5185\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u53d9\u8ff0\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f \u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Personal and social changes against stigma and its sequalae can be facilitated by defusion and a focus on our values.<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u8ba4\u77e5\u89e3\u79bb\u548c\u5173\u6ce8\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u9488\u5bf9\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u53ca\u5176\u4f59\u6bd2\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d8\u9769\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Materials \u6559\u5b78\u7528\u5177<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/chapter\/mental-illness-stigma-reflection-worksheet\/\">Mental Illness Stigma Reflection Worksheet \u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u53cd\u601d\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Flipchart \u5939\u7eb8\u767d\u677f<\/li>\n<li>Markers \u9a6c\u514b\u7b14<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Instructions &amp; Sample Script \u8bf4\u660e\u548c\u793a\u8303\u6587\u7a3f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Introduction &#8211; \u201cLet us look at the impact of negative biases and judgement we may make about mental illness, and how this affect ourselves and the society.\u201d<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u7b80\u4ecb &#8211; \u201c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u62b1\u6301\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u504f\u89c1\u548c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Distribute and give directions for the worksheet. \u5206\u767c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cOn the worksheet, you will find a list of issues related to mental illness followed by 5 reflective questions. The first couple of questions will be about your own personal perceptions around two issues you would like to focus on from the list. In reflecting on your perceptions, include any first impressions or thoughts related to these issues, or relevant rules that you may have learned over the years, or stories that you have been told or even personally experienced. For the second question, think about the impact of your perceptions on your own behaviours, including things that you would actively do because of these perceptions or things you don\u2019t do or even avoid because of them. For example, if you believe that people with mental illness are dangerous, you may avoid talking to them. For question 3, reflect on society\u2019s perceptions on two issues from the list; you may pick the same or different issues as question 1. Since societal perceptions may influence everyone, on question 4, see if you can notice any impact societal perceptions have on your own behaviours. For question 5, think about the impact of societal perceptions on people with and without mental illness, as well as on social structures, programs, polices, etc. See if you can complete this sheet over the next 10 minutes.\u201d<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u201c\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u4e0a\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u627e\u5230\u4e0e\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bae\u9898\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u662f5\u4e2a\u53cd\u601d\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5c06\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u60a8\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bae\u9898\u800c\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u53cd\u601d\u60a8\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u5305\u62ec\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bae\u9898\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u7b2c\u4e00\u5370\u8c61\u6216\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u6216\u8fc7\u53bb\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6216\u60a8\u66fe\u88ab\u544a\u8bc9\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4eb2\u8eab\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bf7\u8003\u8651\u60a8\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u5bf9\u60a8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u79ef\u6781\u53bb\u505a\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u60a8\u4e0d\u53bb\u505a\u751a\u81f3\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u53bb\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u60a3\u6709\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u5371\u9669\u7684\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ea4\u8c08\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u95ee\u98983\uff0c\u8bf7\u53cd\u601d\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u89c2\u70b9; \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u95ee\u98981\u76f8\u540c\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bae\u9898\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u89c2\u5ff5\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u95ee\u98984\u4e0a\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u89c2\u5ff5\u5bf9\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u95ee\u98985\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u793e\u4f1a\u89c2\u5ff5\u5bf9\u6709\u548c\u6ca1\u6709\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u7684\u4eba\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u653f\u7b56\u7b49\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u770b\u770b\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u768410\u5206\u949f\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>Summarize participants\u2019 work. On the flipchart, make a 2&#215;2 table. Label the first column \u2013 \u201cPerceptions\u201d and the second column \u201cConsequences\u201d and the first row \u201cIndividual\u201d and the second row \u201cSocietal\u201d. Invite participants to share their work and capture this on the flipchart.<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u603b\u7ed3\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002 \u5728\u5939\u7eb8\u767d\u677f\u4e0a\uff0c\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u5f202&#215;2\u7684\u8868\u683c\u3002 \u6807\u8bb0\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217 &#8211; \u201c\u89c2\u5ff5\u201d\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217 &#8211; \u201c\u540e\u679c\u201d\u548c\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c &#8211; \u201c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u201d\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c &#8211; \u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u201d\u3002 \u9080\u8bf7\u7ec4\u5458\u5206\u4eab\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u5e76\u5728\u767d\u7eb8\u4e0a\u5199\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cWould you please share your reflections on your personal or societal perceptions and how they have impacted on you at a personal level or on the society?\u201d<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u201c\u8bf7\u60a8\u5206\u4eab\u60a8\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u60a8\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u6216\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>Debrief the exercise, highlighting: \u5c0f\u7ed3\u7ec3\u4e60\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>The content: the impact of stigma on topic areas that have been brought up by participants, as well as on topic areas not discussed<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u5bf9\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u672a\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/span><\/li>\n<li>The process: the tendency of following socialized rules and stories enacted in individual behaviours and systems, and the alternative of defusion and guidance by values of compassion and equity<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u5f80\u5f80\u90fd\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u8ddf\u968f\u7740\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5904\u4e8b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u8fd0\u7528\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ee5\u607b\u9690\u5fc3\u548c\u5e73\u7b49\u4e3a\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Debriefing &amp; Sample Scripts \u5c0f\u7ed3\u548c\u793a\u8303\u6587\u7a3f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>The impact of Stigma\u00a0 \u6c61\u540d\u5316\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cIn reflecting on our collective work, what strikes you most about the stigma of mental illness and its impact \u2013 at a personal level and at a societal level? Are there any particular common pervasive themes? Or important issues that need to be urgently addressed?\u201d<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u201c\u53cd\u601d\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5c0f\u7ec4\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u5c42\u9762\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u53ca\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u5f15\u8d77\u4f60\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4e9b\u8f83\u4e3a\u666e\u904d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff1f \u6216\u8005\u4e9f\u5f85\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u95ee\u9898\uff1f\u201c<\/span><\/li>\n<li>\u201cWhile we have covered many important areas on the flipchart, there are also issues from the list that are not captured or mentioned. Why do you think that\u2019s the case? Could there be a hidden bias about not highlighting these issues? For example, did anyone reflect on our perceptions about whether people with mental illness should have their own family or children?\u201d<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u201c\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5939\u7eb8\u767d\u677f\u4e0a\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4f46\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u672a\u63d0\u53d6\u6216\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1f \u6ca1\u6709\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u5417\uff1f \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u5efa\u7acb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u751f\u513f\u80b2\u5973\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u53cd\u601d\u8fc7\u554a\uff1f\u201c<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The fusion of stigmatizing rules and stories \u4e0e\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u878d\u5408<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cHow does stigma cause discrimination and inequity?\u201d<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u201c\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u81f4\u6b67\u89c6\u548c\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\uff1f\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li>\u201cNotice that a lot of these biased assumptions, rules, or stories is based on ignorance, misinformation, or fear. Psychoeducation so that people have more accurate understanding and perceptions is an important response, and all of us have a role to play in this.\u201d<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6709\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u6545\u4e8b\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u65e0\u77e5\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u6050\u60e7\u3002\u8fdb\u884c\u5fc3\u7406\u6559\u80b2\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u6709\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u770b\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u201c<\/span><\/li>\n<li>\u201cAnother complementary strategy that we have been learning about is the capacity for defusion, i.e., to be not so wedded to our thoughts in a rigid way. This is why it is so important to become aware of how stigma can insidiously and naturally live in our minds and our society as invisible rules and stories. As we practice defusion, we are practicing letting go of the need to stick to these rules or to literally believe in scary narratives. We can practice not taking judgmental thoughts about ourselves and about others seriously, even if these thoughts naturally come up. Our actions can be guided by our values instead of stigma, even though stigma may still be present. Can you give me an example of what you could do personally or collectively to make a personal or social change \u2013 even though there is still stigma around? What would it be like if our actions are instead guided by compassion and equity?\u201d<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-align: initial;font-size: 1em\">\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u914d\u5408\u5fc3\u7406\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u8ba4\u77e5\u89e3\u79bb\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u8981\u8fc7\u4e8e\u62d8\u6ce5\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u9690\u853d\u800c\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u91cc\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e0\u5f62\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u7ec3\u4e60\u89e3\u79bb\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u7ec3\u4e60\u653e\u4e0b\u9075\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u610f\u5ff5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u518d\u76f2\u76ee\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u53d9\u8ff0\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60f3\u6cd5\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u5730\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec3\u4e60\u4e0d\u628a\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u4ed6\u4eba\u6709\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u5f53\u56de\u4e8b\u513f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u53ef\u80fd\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002 \u4f60\u80fd\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u8bf4\u660e\u4f60\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u6211\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u6765\u53d6\u5f97\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d8\u9769 &#8211; \u5c3d\u7ba1\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff1f \u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u4ee5\u607b\u9690\u5fc3\u548c\u516c\u5e73\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u4f1a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u201c<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Reference \u53c2\u8003<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Fung, K. P., &amp; Wong, J. P. (2014). ACT to Reduce Stigma of Mental Illness: A Group Intervention Training Manual on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Toronto, ON: Strength in Unity.<\/li>\n<li>Fung, K. P., &amp; Zurowski, M. (2011). ACT protocols for CHAMP Study. Toronto, ON: Committee for Accessible AIDS Treatment.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"author":486,"menu_order":2,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-622","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":583,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/622","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/486"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/622\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1053,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/622\/revisions\/1053"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/583"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/622\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=622"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=622"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=622"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/empowerment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=622"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}