{"id":143,"date":"2019-06-04T11:47:06","date_gmt":"2019-06-04T15:47:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/iwacc\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=143"},"modified":"2019-07-26T10:38:07","modified_gmt":"2019-07-26T14:38:07","slug":"international-accessibility-regulations-2","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/international-accessibility-regulations-2\/","title":{"raw":"Accessibility Law: International Accessibility Regulations","rendered":"Accessibility Law: International Accessibility Regulations"},"content":{"raw":"<h2>United Kingdom<\/h2>\r\n<h3><strong>Equality Act, 2010<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nWhile the <em>Equality Act<\/em> (UK) does not specifically address how web accessibility should be implemented, Section 29(1) of the <em>Equality Act<\/em> places a requirement on service providers. Specifically, those who sell or provide services to the public must not discriminate against any person requiring the service. In effect, preventing a person with a disability from accessing a service on the Web constitutes discrimination.\r\n\r\nBased on Sections 20 and 29(7) of the Act, it is an ongoing duty of service providers to make \u201creasonable adjustments\u201d to accommodate people with disabilities. To this end, the British Standards Institution (BSI)\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/shop.bsigroup.com\/en\/ProductDetail\/?pid=000000000030180388\">provides a code of practice (BS 8878)<\/a> on web accessibility, based on WCAG 1.0.\r\n\r\nFor more about BSI efforts, watch the following video:\r\n\r\n[embed]https:\/\/youtu.be\/awldEoQ-aNQ[\/embed]\r\n\r\n<strong>Video: <\/strong><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/awldEoQ-aNQ\" data-preview-alt=\"BSI Documentary - Web accessibility - World Standards Day 14 Oct 2010\">BSI Documentary - Web accessibility - World Standards Day 14 Oct 2010<\/a> by BSI Group\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.seqlegal.com\/blog\/website-accessibility-and-equality-act-2010\">Website Accessibility and the <em>Equality Act, 2010<\/em><\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.legislation.gov.uk\/ukpga\/2010\/15\/contents\">Equality Act 2010<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/guidance\/equality-act-2010-guidance\"><em>Equality Act 2010<\/em>: Guidance<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Europe<\/h2>\r\nThroughout Europe, a number of countries have their own accessibility laws, each based on WCAG 2.0. In 2010, the European Union (EU) introduced web accessibility guidelines based on WCAG 2.0 Level AA requirements. Next, in 2014, the EU Parliament passed a law requiring all public sector websites and private sector websites that provide key public services to conform with WCAG 2.0 Level AA requirements. In addition, new content must conform to those requirements within one year; existing content, within three years; and multimedia content, within five years.\r\n\r\nHowever, this does not mean that all countries in the EU must now conform. The law now goes before the EU Council, where heads of state will debate. Seemingly, this promises to draw out adoption for many years into the future, if it gets adopted at all.\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/ipg\/standards\/accessibility\/index_en.htm\">The EU Internet Handbook: Web Accessibility<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.etsi.org\/news-events\/news\/754-new-european-standard-on-accessibility-requirements-for-public-procurement-of-ict-products-and-services\">New European Standard on accessibility requirements for public procurement of ICT products and services (ETSI EN 301 549)<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mandate376.standards.eu\/standard\/technical-requirements\/#9\">Standard - EN 301 549<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h3><strong>Italy<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nIn Italy, the <em>Stanca Act 2004<\/em> (<span lang=\"it\">Disposizioni per favorire l\u2019accesso dei soggetti disabili agli strumenti informatici<\/span>) governs web accessibility requirements for all levels of government; private firms that are licensees of public services, public assistance, and rehabilitation agencies; and transport and telecommunications companies, including ICT (information communications technology) service contractors.\r\n\r\nThe <em>Stanca Act<\/em> has 22 technical accessibility requirements originally based on WCAG 1.0 Level A guidelines, updated in 2013 to reflect changes in WCAG 2.0.\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Suggested Reading: <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.agid.gov.it\/dm-8-luglio-2005-allegato-A#requisiti\"><em>Stanca 2013<\/em> Requirements (Italian)<\/a>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h3><strong>Germany<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nIn Germany, BITV 2.0 (<span lang=\"de\"><i>Barrierefreie Informationstechnik-Verordnung<\/i><\/span>), which adopts WCAG 2.0 with a few modifications, requires accessibility for all government websites at Level AA (i.e., BITV Priority 1).\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Suggested Reading: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.einfach-fuer-alle.de\/artikel\/bitv_english\/bitv_annex1\/\">BITV (Appendix 1)<\/a>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h3><strong>France<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nAccessibility requirements in France are specified in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000000809647&amp;dateTexte=\"><em>Law No 2005-102<\/em>, Article 47<\/a>, and its associated technical requirements are defined in RGAA 3 (based on WCAG 2.0). It is mandatory for all public online communication services, public institutions, and the state to conform with RGAA (WCAG 2.0).\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/affichTexteArticle.do;jsessionid=1C158CD1669658D96BFA12998D3A33FE.tpdila08v_3?idArticle=LEGIARTI000006682279&amp;cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006051257&amp;dateTexte=20151030\"><em>Law No 2005-102<\/em>, Article 47 (French)<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/references.modernisation.gouv.fr\/rgaa-3-0\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel G\u00e9n\u00e9ral d\u2019Accessibilit\u00e9 pour les Administrations (RGAA) (French)<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h3>Spain<\/h3>\r\nThe web accessibility laws in Spain are <em>Law 34\/2002<\/em> and <em>Law 51\/2003<\/em>, which require all government websites to conform with WCAG 1.0 Priority 2 guidelines. More recently, UNE 139803:2012 adopts WCAG 2.0 requirements and mandates the following organizations to comply with WCAG Level AA requirements: government and government-funded organizations; or organizations larger than 100 employees; or with trading column greater than six million euros; or those providing financial, utility, travel\/passenger, or retail services online (See: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.webcontrol.es\/en\/technology\/web-accessibility\/legislation-in-spain\">Legislation in Spain<\/a>).\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.congreso.es\/public_oficiales\/L7\/CONG\/BOCG\/A\/A_068-13.PDF\"><em>Law 34\/2002<\/em> - Information Society and Electronic Commerce Services Act PDF (Spanish)<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/noticias.juridicas.com\/base_datos\/Admin\/l34-2002.html\"><em>Law 34\/2002<\/em> - Information Society and Electronic Commerce Services Act webpage (Spanish)<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/accesibilidadweb.dlsi.ua.es\/?menu=une139803-2004\">UNE 139803:2004 - Applications for people with disabilities (Spanish)<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.une.org\/encuentra-tu-norma\/busca-tu-norma\/norma?c=N0049614\">UNE 139803:2012: Web content accessibility requirements. (<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/accesibilidadweb.dlsi.ua.es\/?menu=une139803-2004\">supersedes 139803:2004<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aenor.es\/aenor\/normas\/normas\/fichanorma.asp?tipo=N&amp;codigo=N0049614#.V3FzwI5jF1N\">)<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/noticias.juridicas.com\/base_datos\/Admin\/l51-2003.html\"><em>Law 51\/2003<\/em> - Equality of opportunities, non-discrimination, and universal accessibility for people with disabilities (Spanish)<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Australia<\/h2>\r\nThough not specifically referencing the Web, Section 24 of the <em>Disability Discrimination Act<\/em> of 1992 makes it unlawful for a person who provides goods, facilities, or services to discriminate on the grounds of disability. This law was tested in 2000 when a blind man successfully sued the Sydney Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (SOCOG) when its website prevented him from purchasing event tickets.\r\n\r\nThe Australian Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission (HREOC) shortly after released the Worldwide Web Access: <em>Disability Discrimination Act<\/em> Advisory Notes. These were last updated in 2014, and though they do not have direct legal force, they do provide web accessibility guidance (based on WCAG 2.0) for Australians on how to avoid discriminatory practices when developing web content.\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Suggested Reading: <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.humanrights.gov.au\/world-wide-web-access-disability-discrimination-act-advisory-notes-ver-40-2010\">World Wide Web Access: <em>Disability Discrimination Act<\/em> Advisory Notes<\/a>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong>\r\n\r\nFor more about international web accessibility laws, see the following resources:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/jimthatcher.com\/book2\/chapter17.html\">Chapter 17 - Web Accessibility (2006)<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/Policy\/\">Policies Relating to Web Accessibility (W3C)<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.powermapper.com\/blog\/government-accessibility-standards\/\">Government accessibility standards and WCAG 2<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/webaim.org\/articles\/laws\/world\/\">World Laws WebAIM<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_80 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69dcff0015fe3\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69dcff0015fe3\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/international-accessibility-regulations-2\/#United_Kingdom\" >United Kingdom<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/international-accessibility-regulations-2\/#Equality_Act_2010\" >Equality Act, 2010<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/international-accessibility-regulations-2\/#Europe\" >Europe<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/international-accessibility-regulations-2\/#Italy\" >Italy<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/international-accessibility-regulations-2\/#Germany\" >Germany<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/international-accessibility-regulations-2\/#France\" >France<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/international-accessibility-regulations-2\/#Spain\" >Spain<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/international-accessibility-regulations-2\/#Australia\" >Australia<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"United_Kingdom\"><\/span>United Kingdom<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Equality_Act_2010\"><\/span><strong>Equality Act, 2010<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>While the <em>Equality Act<\/em> (UK) does not specifically address how web accessibility should be implemented, Section 29(1) of the <em>Equality Act<\/em> places a requirement on service providers. Specifically, those who sell or provide services to the public must not discriminate against any person requiring the service. In effect, preventing a person with a disability from accessing a service on the Web constitutes discrimination.<\/p>\n<p>Based on Sections 20 and 29(7) of the Act, it is an ongoing duty of service providers to make \u201creasonable adjustments\u201d to accommodate people with disabilities. To this end, the British Standards Institution (BSI)\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/shop.bsigroup.com\/en\/ProductDetail\/?pid=000000000030180388\">provides a code of practice (BS 8878)<\/a> on web accessibility, based on WCAG 1.0.<\/p>\n<p>For more about BSI efforts, watch the following video:<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"BSI Documentary - Web accessibility - World Standards Day 14 Oct 2010\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/awldEoQ-aNQ?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>Video: <\/strong><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/awldEoQ-aNQ\" data-preview-alt=\"BSI Documentary - Web accessibility - World Standards Day 14 Oct 2010\">BSI Documentary &#8211; Web accessibility &#8211; World Standards Day 14 Oct 2010<\/a> by BSI Group<\/p>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\n<p><strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.seqlegal.com\/blog\/website-accessibility-and-equality-act-2010\">Website Accessibility and the <em>Equality Act, 2010<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.legislation.gov.uk\/ukpga\/2010\/15\/contents\">Equality Act 2010<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/guidance\/equality-act-2010-guidance\"><em>Equality Act 2010<\/em>: Guidance<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Europe\"><\/span>Europe<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Throughout Europe, a number of countries have their own accessibility laws, each based on WCAG 2.0. In 2010, the European Union (EU) introduced web accessibility guidelines based on WCAG 2.0 Level AA requirements. Next, in 2014, the EU Parliament passed a law requiring all public sector websites and private sector websites that provide key public services to conform with WCAG 2.0 Level AA requirements. In addition, new content must conform to those requirements within one year; existing content, within three years; and multimedia content, within five years.<\/p>\n<p>However, this does not mean that all countries in the EU must now conform. The law now goes before the EU Council, where heads of state will debate. Seemingly, this promises to draw out adoption for many years into the future, if it gets adopted at all.<\/p>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\n<p><strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/ipg\/standards\/accessibility\/index_en.htm\">The EU Internet Handbook: Web Accessibility<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.etsi.org\/news-events\/news\/754-new-european-standard-on-accessibility-requirements-for-public-procurement-of-ict-products-and-services\">New European Standard on accessibility requirements for public procurement of ICT products and services (ETSI EN 301 549)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mandate376.standards.eu\/standard\/technical-requirements\/#9\">Standard &#8211; EN 301 549<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Italy\"><\/span><strong>Italy<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In Italy, the <em>Stanca Act 2004<\/em> (<span lang=\"it\">Disposizioni per favorire l\u2019accesso dei soggetti disabili agli strumenti informatici<\/span>) governs web accessibility requirements for all levels of government; private firms that are licensees of public services, public assistance, and rehabilitation agencies; and transport and telecommunications companies, including ICT (information communications technology) service contractors.<\/p>\n<p>The <em>Stanca Act<\/em> has 22 technical accessibility requirements originally based on WCAG 1.0 Level A guidelines, updated in 2013 to reflect changes in WCAG 2.0.<\/p>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\n<p><strong>Suggested Reading: <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.agid.gov.it\/dm-8-luglio-2005-allegato-A#requisiti\"><em>Stanca 2013<\/em> Requirements (Italian)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Germany\"><\/span><strong>Germany<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In Germany, BITV 2.0 (<span lang=\"de\"><i>Barrierefreie Informationstechnik-Verordnung<\/i><\/span>), which adopts WCAG 2.0 with a few modifications, requires accessibility for all government websites at Level AA (i.e., BITV Priority 1).<\/p>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\n<p><strong>Suggested Reading: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.einfach-fuer-alle.de\/artikel\/bitv_english\/bitv_annex1\/\">BITV (Appendix 1)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"France\"><\/span><strong>France<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Accessibility requirements in France are specified in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000000809647&amp;dateTexte=\"><em>Law No 2005-102<\/em>, Article 47<\/a>, and its associated technical requirements are defined in RGAA 3 (based on WCAG 2.0). It is mandatory for all public online communication services, public institutions, and the state to conform with RGAA (WCAG 2.0).<\/p>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\n<p><strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/affichTexteArticle.do;jsessionid=1C158CD1669658D96BFA12998D3A33FE.tpdila08v_3?idArticle=LEGIARTI000006682279&amp;cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006051257&amp;dateTexte=20151030\"><em>Law No 2005-102<\/em>, Article 47 (French)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/references.modernisation.gouv.fr\/rgaa-3-0\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel G\u00e9n\u00e9ral d\u2019Accessibilit\u00e9 pour les Administrations (RGAA) (French)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Spain\"><\/span>Spain<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The web accessibility laws in Spain are <em>Law 34\/2002<\/em> and <em>Law 51\/2003<\/em>, which require all government websites to conform with WCAG 1.0 Priority 2 guidelines. More recently, UNE 139803:2012 adopts WCAG 2.0 requirements and mandates the following organizations to comply with WCAG Level AA requirements: government and government-funded organizations; or organizations larger than 100 employees; or with trading column greater than six million euros; or those providing financial, utility, travel\/passenger, or retail services online (See: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.webcontrol.es\/en\/technology\/web-accessibility\/legislation-in-spain\">Legislation in Spain<\/a>).<\/p>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\n<p><strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.congreso.es\/public_oficiales\/L7\/CONG\/BOCG\/A\/A_068-13.PDF\"><em>Law 34\/2002<\/em> &#8211; Information Society and Electronic Commerce Services Act PDF (Spanish)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/noticias.juridicas.com\/base_datos\/Admin\/l34-2002.html\"><em>Law 34\/2002<\/em> &#8211; Information Society and Electronic Commerce Services Act webpage (Spanish)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/accesibilidadweb.dlsi.ua.es\/?menu=une139803-2004\">UNE 139803:2004 &#8211; Applications for people with disabilities (Spanish)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.une.org\/encuentra-tu-norma\/busca-tu-norma\/norma?c=N0049614\">UNE 139803:2012: Web content accessibility requirements. (<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/accesibilidadweb.dlsi.ua.es\/?menu=une139803-2004\">supersedes 139803:2004<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aenor.es\/aenor\/normas\/normas\/fichanorma.asp?tipo=N&amp;codigo=N0049614#.V3FzwI5jF1N\">)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/noticias.juridicas.com\/base_datos\/Admin\/l51-2003.html\"><em>Law 51\/2003<\/em> &#8211; Equality of opportunities, non-discrimination, and universal accessibility for people with disabilities (Spanish)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Australia\"><\/span>Australia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Though not specifically referencing the Web, Section 24 of the <em>Disability Discrimination Act<\/em> of 1992 makes it unlawful for a person who provides goods, facilities, or services to discriminate on the grounds of disability. This law was tested in 2000 when a blind man successfully sued the Sydney Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (SOCOG) when its website prevented him from purchasing event tickets.<\/p>\n<p>The Australian Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission (HREOC) shortly after released the Worldwide Web Access: <em>Disability Discrimination Act<\/em> Advisory Notes. These were last updated in 2014, and though they do not have direct legal force, they do provide web accessibility guidance (based on WCAG 2.0) for Australians on how to avoid discriminatory practices when developing web content.<\/p>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\n<p><strong>Suggested Reading: <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.humanrights.gov.au\/world-wide-web-access-disability-discrimination-act-advisory-notes-ver-40-2010\">World Wide Web Access: <em>Disability Discrimination Act<\/em> Advisory Notes<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\n<p><strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>For more about international web accessibility laws, see the following resources:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/jimthatcher.com\/book2\/chapter17.html\">Chapter 17 &#8211; Web Accessibility (2006)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/Policy\/\">Policies Relating to Web Accessibility (W3C)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.powermapper.com\/blog\/government-accessibility-standards\/\">Government accessibility standards and WCAG 2<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/webaim.org\/articles\/laws\/world\/\">World Laws WebAIM<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":100,"menu_order":5,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-143","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":21,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/143","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/100"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/143\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1040,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/143\/revisions\/1040"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/21"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/143\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=143"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=143"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=143"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=143"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}