{"id":172,"date":"2019-06-04T12:26:47","date_gmt":"2019-06-04T16:26:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/iwacc\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=172"},"modified":"2019-07-31T14:45:39","modified_gmt":"2019-07-31T18:45:39","slug":"1-2-time-based-media-level-aaa","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/1-2-time-based-media-level-aaa\/","title":{"raw":"1.2 Time-Based Media (Level AAA)","rendered":"1.2 Time-Based Media (Level AAA)"},"content":{"raw":"<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #ffcb05\">\r\n<h3><strong><a id=\"1.2.6\"><\/a>Success Criteria 1.2.6<\/strong> Sign Language (Prerecorded)<\/h3>\r\nLevel AAA\r\n\r\nSign-language interpretation is provided for all prerecorded audio content in synchronized media.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h4>Sign Language (Prerecorded) Explained<\/h4>\r\nAmerican Sign Language (ASL) and other forms of sign language are languages in their own right. For one, they are not based on English. Much like French can be translated to English, ASL can also be translated to English. Some people who are Deaf (with a capital D representing a member of the Deaf community) may rely on ASL to communicate and may understand very little English. Hence, typical English captions may not always be understood effectively by a person who is Deaf.\r\n\r\nSome people who are deaf grow up in hearing families and will often learn signed English, learn to read lips, and learn to write in English. As a result, they will understand English captions.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Sign language allows people who are deaf or hard of hearing to understand the audio track of a synchronized media presentation.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Sign languages are very rich and convey shades of meanings that are not captured in captions. For this reason, sign language interpretation of synchronized media is considered more equivalent than access via captions.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Example:<\/strong> A university makes a video of a visiting professor talking to students and faculty and decides to post it online. There is no sign-language interpreter during the original lecture. Afterwards, the university produces a second video of a sign-language interpreter interpreting the professor\u2019s talk. The university \u201csplices\u201d the second video into the corner of the original video.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Some people who are deaf or hard of hearing are not as fluent in written language as they are in sign language. Conversely, not everybody who is deaf or hard of hearing understands sign language. For this reason, access to synchronized media content is improved by providing sign language as well as captions.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd\" title=\"example\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Video: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=GDaEY1PSqLk\">Adding Phosphate to Water (American Sign Language Translation)<\/a>\r\n\r\n[embed]https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=GDaEY1PSqLk[\/embed]\r\n\r\n\u00a9 GovSnyder. Released under the terms of a Standard YouTube License. All rights reserved.\r\n\r\n<strong>Video: <\/strong>Obama Tribute to Nelson Mandela: <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-IfHqYgGs6c\" data-preview-alt=\"U.S. President Barack Obama in American Sign Language - Real Interpreter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. President Barack Obama in American Sign Language<\/a> by Real Interpreter\r\n\r\n[embed]https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-IfHqYgGs6c[\/embed]\r\n\r\n\u00a9 Real Interpreter. Released under the terms of a Standard YouTube License. All rights reserved.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/Understanding\/sign-language-prerecorded.html\">Understanding Success Criteria 1.2.6: Sign Language (Prerecorded)<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/quickref\/#sign-language-prerecorded\">How to Meet Sign Language (Prerecorded)<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #ffcb05\">\r\n<h3><strong><a id=\"1.2.7\"><\/a>Success Criteria 1.2.7<\/strong> Extended Audio Description (Prerecorded)<\/h3>\r\nLevel AAA\r\n\r\nWhere pauses in foreground audio are insufficient to allow audio descriptions to convey the sense of the video, extended audio description is provided for all prerecorded video content in synchronized media.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h4>Extended Audio Description (Prerecorded) Explained<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>This is similar to <strong>SC 1.2.5<\/strong>, which states that authors include audio descriptions in synchronized media presentations. Sometimes there are no (or insufficient) pauses to allow audio descriptions. In these cases, provide extended audio descriptions to convey the sense of the video.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Extended audio descriptions are done by freezing the presentation at key moments and playing additional audio material. The synchronized media presentation is then resumed.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Because extended audio descriptions may disrupt viewing for those who do not need them, make it possible to turn the feature on and off. Alternatively, two versions of a presentation, one with extended descriptions and the other without, can be provided.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Example:<\/strong> An art school owns a film of an influential artist describing her approach, and she digitizes the film for posting online. She speaks rapidly, with few pauses. As she talks, she rapidly draws shapes on a flip chart. After completing each sketch, she flips the flip chart and starts a new drawing, talking all the while.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>To make extended audio descriptions, the video is paused after she completes each drawing, and a narrator describes it and her gestures. The video then resumes.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd\" title=\"example\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Video: <\/strong><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/nayR58PQvO8\" data-preview-alt=\"Vintage TV Commercial for Post GrapeNuts\">Vintage TV Commercial for Post GrapeNuts<\/a> (with extended audio description)\r\n\r\n[embed]https:\/\/youtu.be\/nayR58PQvO8[\/embed]\r\n\r\n\u00a9 AccessForEveryone. Released under the terms of a Standard YouTube License. All rights reserved.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/quickref\/?versions=2.0&amp;showtechniques=131%2C122#extended-audio-description-prerecorded\">Understanding Success Criteria 1.2.7: Extended Audio Description (Prerecorded)<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/quickref\/#extended-audio-description-prerecorded\">How to Meet Extended Audio Description (Prerecorded)<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #ffcb05\">\r\n<h3><strong><a id=\"1.2.8\"><\/a>Success Criteria 1.2.8<\/strong> Media Alternative (Prerecorded)<\/h3>\r\nLevel AAA\r\n\r\nAn alternative for time-based media is provided for all prerecorded synchronized media and for all prerecorded video-only media.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h4>Media Alternative (Prerecorded) Explained<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>An \u201calternative for time-based media\u201d is a method for making audio-visual materials accessible to people who do not see well enough to read captions and who do not hear well enough to listen to dialogue and audio descriptions.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>To create an alternative for time-based media, describe (in writing) all information in the synchronized media (both visual and auditory). This text is the alternative for time-based media.\u00a0It reads like a book narrative \u2014 a running description of everything that happens.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The alternative for time-based media contains a transcript of all dialogue; descriptions of all visual information (e.g., scene changes, actions, and facial expressions); and descriptions of all non-speech sounds (e.g., laughter, off-screen voices, and background music).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>If the presentation requires user interaction (e.g., buttons labelled \u201cGo to next lesson\u201d at the end of every section), include hypertext links to provide the same functionality.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>These techniques make it possible for people who are deaf-blind to access time-based media using a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Refreshable_braille_display\">refreshable Braille display<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/Understanding\/media-alternative-prerecorded.html\">Understanding Success Criteria 1.2.8: Media Alternative (Prerecorded)<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/quickref\/#media-alternative-prerecorded\">How to Meet Media Alternative (Prerecorded)<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #ffcb05\">\r\n<h3><strong><a id=\"1.2.9\"><\/a>Success Criteria 1.2.9<\/strong> Audio-Only (Live)<\/h3>\r\nLevel AAA\r\n\r\nAn alternative for time-based media that presents equivalent information for live audio-only content is provided.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h4>Audio-Only (Live) Explained<\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>To make live events (such as video conferencing, speeches, and radio webcasts) accessible to people who are deaf or hard of hearing, use text alternatives.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The best text alternative is live text captioning. A trained human operator listens to what is being said and types a verbatim transcript in real time. The operator also adds non-spoken details, such as laughter and applause, that are essential to understanding what is happening.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>If an event follows a script, a transcript prepared in advance is a possibility. However, live captioning is preferred because the operator\u2019s transcript plays out in real time, and the operator can adapt when deviations from the script occur.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/Understanding\/audio-only-live.html\">Understanding Guideline 1.2.9: Audio-only (Live<\/a>)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/quickref\/#audio-only-live\">How to Meet Audio-only (Live)<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_80 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e940e1eef87\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e940e1eef87\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/1-2-time-based-media-level-aaa\/#Success_Criteria_126_Sign_Language_Prerecorded\" >Success Criteria 1.2.6 Sign Language (Prerecorded)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/1-2-time-based-media-level-aaa\/#Sign_Language_Prerecorded_Explained\" >Sign Language (Prerecorded) Explained<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/1-2-time-based-media-level-aaa\/#Success_Criteria_127_Extended_Audio_Description_Prerecorded\" >Success Criteria 1.2.7 Extended Audio Description (Prerecorded)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/1-2-time-based-media-level-aaa\/#Extended_Audio_Description_Prerecorded_Explained\" >Extended Audio Description (Prerecorded) Explained<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/1-2-time-based-media-level-aaa\/#Success_Criteria_128_Media_Alternative_Prerecorded\" >Success Criteria 1.2.8 Media Alternative (Prerecorded)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/1-2-time-based-media-level-aaa\/#Media_Alternative_Prerecorded_Explained\" >Media Alternative (Prerecorded) Explained<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/1-2-time-based-media-level-aaa\/#Success_Criteria_129_Audio-Only_Live\" >Success Criteria 1.2.9 Audio-Only (Live)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/chapter\/1-2-time-based-media-level-aaa\/#Audio-Only_Live_Explained\" >Audio-Only (Live) Explained<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #ffcb05\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Success_Criteria_126_Sign_Language_Prerecorded\"><\/span><strong><a id=\"1.2.6\"><\/a>Success Criteria 1.2.6<\/strong> Sign Language (Prerecorded)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Level AAA<\/p>\n<p>Sign-language interpretation is provided for all prerecorded audio content in synchronized media.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sign_Language_Prerecorded_Explained\"><\/span>Sign Language (Prerecorded) Explained<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>American Sign Language (ASL) and other forms of sign language are languages in their own right. For one, they are not based on English. Much like French can be translated to English, ASL can also be translated to English. Some people who are Deaf (with a capital D representing a member of the Deaf community) may rely on ASL to communicate and may understand very little English. Hence, typical English captions may not always be understood effectively by a person who is Deaf.<\/p>\n<p>Some people who are deaf grow up in hearing families and will often learn signed English, learn to read lips, and learn to write in English. As a result, they will understand English captions.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sign language allows people who are deaf or hard of hearing to understand the audio track of a synchronized media presentation.<\/li>\n<li>Sign languages are very rich and convey shades of meanings that are not captured in captions. For this reason, sign language interpretation of synchronized media is considered more equivalent than access via captions.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Example:<\/strong> A university makes a video of a visiting professor talking to students and faculty and decides to post it online. There is no sign-language interpreter during the original lecture. Afterwards, the university produces a second video of a sign-language interpreter interpreting the professor\u2019s talk. The university \u201csplices\u201d the second video into the corner of the original video.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Some people who are deaf or hard of hearing are not as fluent in written language as they are in sign language. Conversely, not everybody who is deaf or hard of hearing understands sign language. For this reason, access to synchronized media content is improved by providing sign language as well as captions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd\" title=\"example\">\n<p><strong>Video: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=GDaEY1PSqLk\">Adding Phosphate to Water (American Sign Language Translation)<\/a><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"Adding Phosphate to Water - (American Sign Language Translation)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GDaEY1PSqLk?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\u00a9 GovSnyder. Released under the terms of a Standard YouTube License. All rights reserved.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Video: <\/strong>Obama Tribute to Nelson Mandela: <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-IfHqYgGs6c\" data-preview-alt=\"U.S. President Barack Obama in American Sign Language - Real Interpreter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. President Barack Obama in American Sign Language<\/a> by Real Interpreter<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-2\" title=\"U.S. President Barack Obama in American Sign Language - Real Interpreter\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-IfHqYgGs6c?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\u00a9 Real Interpreter. Released under the terms of a Standard YouTube License. All rights reserved.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\n<p><strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/Understanding\/sign-language-prerecorded.html\">Understanding Success Criteria 1.2.6: Sign Language (Prerecorded)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/quickref\/#sign-language-prerecorded\">How to Meet Sign Language (Prerecorded)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #ffcb05\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Success_Criteria_127_Extended_Audio_Description_Prerecorded\"><\/span><strong><a id=\"1.2.7\"><\/a>Success Criteria 1.2.7<\/strong> Extended Audio Description (Prerecorded)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Level AAA<\/p>\n<p>Where pauses in foreground audio are insufficient to allow audio descriptions to convey the sense of the video, extended audio description is provided for all prerecorded video content in synchronized media.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Extended_Audio_Description_Prerecorded_Explained\"><\/span>Extended Audio Description (Prerecorded) Explained<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>This is similar to <strong>SC 1.2.5<\/strong>, which states that authors include audio descriptions in synchronized media presentations. Sometimes there are no (or insufficient) pauses to allow audio descriptions. In these cases, provide extended audio descriptions to convey the sense of the video.<\/li>\n<li>Extended audio descriptions are done by freezing the presentation at key moments and playing additional audio material. The synchronized media presentation is then resumed.<\/li>\n<li>Because extended audio descriptions may disrupt viewing for those who do not need them, make it possible to turn the feature on and off. Alternatively, two versions of a presentation, one with extended descriptions and the other without, can be provided.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Example:<\/strong> An art school owns a film of an influential artist describing her approach, and she digitizes the film for posting online. She speaks rapidly, with few pauses. As she talks, she rapidly draws shapes on a flip chart. After completing each sketch, she flips the flip chart and starts a new drawing, talking all the while.<\/li>\n<li>To make extended audio descriptions, the video is paused after she completes each drawing, and a narrator describes it and her gestures. The video then resumes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd\" title=\"example\">\n<p><strong>Video: <\/strong><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/nayR58PQvO8\" data-preview-alt=\"Vintage TV Commercial for Post GrapeNuts\">Vintage TV Commercial for Post GrapeNuts<\/a> (with extended audio description)<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-3\" title=\"Vintage TV Commercial for Post GrapeNuts\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/nayR58PQvO8?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\u00a9 AccessForEveryone. Released under the terms of a Standard YouTube License. All rights reserved.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\n<p><strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/quickref\/?versions=2.0&amp;showtechniques=131%2C122#extended-audio-description-prerecorded\">Understanding Success Criteria 1.2.7: Extended Audio Description (Prerecorded)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/quickref\/#extended-audio-description-prerecorded\">How to Meet Extended Audio Description (Prerecorded)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #ffcb05\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Success_Criteria_128_Media_Alternative_Prerecorded\"><\/span><strong><a id=\"1.2.8\"><\/a>Success Criteria 1.2.8<\/strong> Media Alternative (Prerecorded)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Level AAA<\/p>\n<p>An alternative for time-based media is provided for all prerecorded synchronized media and for all prerecorded video-only media.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Media_Alternative_Prerecorded_Explained\"><\/span>Media Alternative (Prerecorded) Explained<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>An \u201calternative for time-based media\u201d is a method for making audio-visual materials accessible to people who do not see well enough to read captions and who do not hear well enough to listen to dialogue and audio descriptions.<\/li>\n<li>To create an alternative for time-based media, describe (in writing) all information in the synchronized media (both visual and auditory). This text is the alternative for time-based media.\u00a0It reads like a book narrative \u2014 a running description of everything that happens.<\/li>\n<li>The alternative for time-based media contains a transcript of all dialogue; descriptions of all visual information (e.g., scene changes, actions, and facial expressions); and descriptions of all non-speech sounds (e.g., laughter, off-screen voices, and background music).<\/li>\n<li>If the presentation requires user interaction (e.g., buttons labelled \u201cGo to next lesson\u201d at the end of every section), include hypertext links to provide the same functionality.<\/li>\n<li>These techniques make it possible for people who are deaf-blind to access time-based media using a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Refreshable_braille_display\">refreshable Braille display<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\n<p><strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/Understanding\/media-alternative-prerecorded.html\">Understanding Success Criteria 1.2.8: Media Alternative (Prerecorded)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/quickref\/#media-alternative-prerecorded\">How to Meet Media Alternative (Prerecorded)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #ffcb05\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Success_Criteria_129_Audio-Only_Live\"><\/span><strong><a id=\"1.2.9\"><\/a>Success Criteria 1.2.9<\/strong> Audio-Only (Live)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Level AAA<\/p>\n<p>An alternative for time-based media that presents equivalent information for live audio-only content is provided.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Audio-Only_Live_Explained\"><\/span>Audio-Only (Live) Explained<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>To make live events (such as video conferencing, speeches, and radio webcasts) accessible to people who are deaf or hard of hearing, use text alternatives.<\/li>\n<li>The best text alternative is live text captioning. A trained human operator listens to what is being said and types a verbatim transcript in real time. The operator also adds non-spoken details, such as laughter and applause, that are essential to understanding what is happening.<\/li>\n<li>If an event follows a script, a transcript prepared in advance is a possibility. However, live captioning is preferred because the operator\u2019s transcript plays out in real time, and the operator can adapt when deviations from the script occur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"margin: 1em 0;padding: 1em;border: 1px solid #ddd;border-left: 10px solid #0000ff\">\n<p><strong>Suggested Reading:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/Understanding\/audio-only-live.html\">Understanding Guideline 1.2.9: Audio-only (Live<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/WCAG21\/quickref\/#audio-only-live\">How to Meet Audio-only (Live)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":100,"menu_order":5,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-172","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":26,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/172","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/100"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/172\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1234,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/172\/revisions\/1234"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/26"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/172\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=172"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=172"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=172"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/iwacc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=172"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}