{"id":37,"date":"2021-05-14T11:50:20","date_gmt":"2021-05-14T15:50:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/leviathan\/chapter\/the-project-gutenberg-ebook-of-leviathan-by-thomas-hobbes-17\/"},"modified":"2022-02-02T14:28:51","modified_gmt":"2022-02-02T19:28:51","slug":"chapter-ix-of-the-severall-subjects-of-knowledge","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/leviathan\/chapter\/chapter-ix-of-the-severall-subjects-of-knowledge\/","title":{"raw":"Chapter IX: Of the Severall Subjects of Knowledge","rendered":"Chapter IX: Of the Severall Subjects of Knowledge"},"content":{"raw":"There are of KNOWLEDGE two kinds; whereof one is Knowledge Of Fact: the other Knowledge Of The Consequence Of One Affirmation To Another. The former is nothing else, but Sense and Memory, and is Absolute Knowledge; as when we see a Fact doing, or remember it done: And this is the Knowledge required in a Witnesse. The later is called Science; and is Conditionall; as when we know, that, If The Figure Showne Be A Circle, Then Any Straight Line Through The Centre Shall Divide It Into Two Equall Parts. And this is the Knowledge required in a Philosopher; that is to say, of him that pretends to Reasoning.\r\n\r\nThe Register of Knowledge Of Fact is called History. Whereof there be two sorts: one called Naturall History; which is the History of such Facts, or Effects of Nature, as have no Dependance on Mans Will; Such as are the Histories of Metals, Plants, Animals, Regions, and the like. The other, is Civill History; which is the History of the Voluntary Actions of men in Common-wealths.\r\n\r\nThe Registers of Science, are such Books as contain the Demonstrations of Consequences of one Affirmation, to another; and are commonly called Books of Philosophy; whereof the sorts are many, according to the diversity of the Matter; And may be divided in such manner as I have divided them in the following Table.\r\n
\r\n\r\n\u00a0 I. Science, that is, Knowledge of Consequences; which is called also PHILOSOPHY\r\n\r\nA.\u00a0 Consequences from Accidents of Bodies Naturall; which is\r\n\r\ncalled NATURALL PHILOSOPHY\r\n\r\n1.\u00a0 Consequences from the Accidents common to all Bodies Naturall;\r\n\r\nwhich are Quantity, and Motion.\r\n\r\na.\u00a0 Consequences from Quantity, and Motion Indeterminate;\r\n\r\nwhich, being the Principles or first foundation of\r\n\r\nPhilosophy, is called Philosophia Prima\r\n\r\nPHILOSOPHIA PRIMA\r\n\r\nb.\u00a0 Consequences from Motion, and Quantity Determined\r\n\r\n1) Consequences from Quantity, and Motion Determined\r\n\r\na) By Figure, By Number\r\n\r\n1] Mathematiques,\r\n\r\nGEOMETRY\r\n\r\nARITHMETIQUE\r\n\r\n2) Consequences from the Motion, and Quantity of Bodies in\r\n\r\nSpeciall\r\n\r\na) Consequences from the Motion, and Quantity of the\r\n\r\ngreat parts of the World, as the Earth and Stars,\r\n\r\n1] Cosmography\r\n\r\nASTRONOMY\r\n\r\nGEOGRAPHY\r\n\r\nb) Consequences from the Motion of Speciall kinds, and\r\n\r\nFigures of Body,\r\n\r\n1] Mechaniques, Doctrine of Weight\r\n\r\nScience of\r\n\r\nENGINEERS\r\n\r\nARCHITECTURE\r\n\r\nNAVIGATION\r\n\r\n2.\u00a0 PHYSIQUES, or Consequences from Qualities\r\n\r\na.\u00a0 Consequences from the Qualities of Bodies Transient, such\r\n\r\nas sometimes appear, sometimes vanish\r\n\r\nMETEOROLOGY\r\n\r\nb.\u00a0 Consequences from the Qualities of Bodies Permanent\r\n\r\n1) Consequences from the Qualities of the Starres\r\n\r\na) Consequences from the Light of the Starres.\u00a0 Out of\r\n\r\nthis, and the Motion of the Sunne, is made the\r\n\r\nScience of\r\n\r\nSCIOGRAPHY\r\n\r\nb) Consequences from the Influence of the Starres,\r\n\r\nASTROLOGY\r\n\r\n2) Consequences of the Qualities from Liquid Bodies that\r\n\r\nfill the space between the Starres; such as are the\r\n\r\nAyre, or substance aetherial.\r\n\r\n3) Consequences from Qualities of Bodies Terrestrial\r\n\r\na) Consequences from parts of the Earth that are\r\n\r\nwithout Sense,\r\n\r\n1] Consequences from Qualities of Minerals, as\r\n\r\nStones, Metals, &c\r\n\r\n.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2] Consequences from the Qualities of Vegetables\r\n\r\nb) Consequences from Qualities of Animals\r\n\r\n1] Consequences from Qualities of Animals in\r\n\r\nGenerall\r\n\r\na] Consequences from Vision,\r\n\r\nOPTIQUES\r\n\r\nb] Consequences from Sounds,\r\n\r\nMUSIQUE\r\n\r\nc] Consequences from the rest of the senses\r\n\r\n2] Consequences from Qualities of Men in Speciall\r\n\r\na] Consequences from Passions of Men,\r\n\r\nETHIQUES\r\n\r\nb] Consequences from Speech,\r\n\r\ni) In Magnifying, Vilifying, etc.\r\n\r\nPOETRY\r\n\r\nii) In Persuading,\r\n\r\nRHETORIQUE\r\n\r\niii) In Reasoning,\r\n\r\nLOGIQUE\r\n\r\niv) In Contracting,\r\n\r\nThe Science of\r\n\r\nJUST and UNJUST\r\n\r\nB.\u00a0 Consequences from the Accidents of Politique Bodies; which is\r\n\r\ncalled POLITIQUES, and CIVILL PHILOSOPHY\r\n\r\n1.\u00a0 Of Consequences from the Institution of COMMON-WEALTHS, to\r\n\r\nthe Rights, and Duties of the Body Politique, or Soveraign.\r\n\r\n2.\u00a0 Of Consequences from the same, to the Duty and Right of\r\n\r\nthe Subjects.\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"

There are of KNOWLEDGE two kinds; whereof one is Knowledge Of Fact: the other Knowledge Of The Consequence Of One Affirmation To Another. The former is nothing else, but Sense and Memory, and is Absolute Knowledge; as when we see a Fact doing, or remember it done: And this is the Knowledge required in a Witnesse. The later is called Science; and is Conditionall; as when we know, that, If The Figure Showne Be A Circle, Then Any Straight Line Through The Centre Shall Divide It Into Two Equall Parts. And this is the Knowledge required in a Philosopher; that is to say, of him that pretends to Reasoning.<\/p>\n

The Register of Knowledge Of Fact is called History. Whereof there be two sorts: one called Naturall History; which is the History of such Facts, or Effects of Nature, as have no Dependance on Mans Will; Such as are the Histories of Metals, Plants, Animals, Regions, and the like. The other, is Civill History; which is the History of the Voluntary Actions of men in Common-wealths.<\/p>\n

The Registers of Science, are such Books as contain the Demonstrations of Consequences of one Affirmation, to another; and are commonly called Books of Philosophy; whereof the sorts are many, according to the diversity of the Matter; And may be divided in such manner as I have divided them in the following Table.<\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0 I. Science, that is, Knowledge of Consequences; which is called also PHILOSOPHY<\/p>\n

A.\u00a0 Consequences from Accidents of Bodies Naturall; which is<\/p>\n

called NATURALL PHILOSOPHY<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0 Consequences from the Accidents common to all Bodies Naturall;<\/p>\n

which are Quantity, and Motion.<\/p>\n

a.\u00a0 Consequences from Quantity, and Motion Indeterminate;<\/p>\n

which, being the Principles or first foundation of<\/p>\n

Philosophy, is called Philosophia Prima<\/p>\n

PHILOSOPHIA PRIMA<\/p>\n

b.\u00a0 Consequences from Motion, and Quantity Determined<\/p>\n

1) Consequences from Quantity, and Motion Determined<\/p>\n

a) By Figure, By Number<\/p>\n

1] Mathematiques,<\/p>\n

GEOMETRY<\/p>\n

ARITHMETIQUE<\/p>\n

2) Consequences from the Motion, and Quantity of Bodies in<\/p>\n

Speciall<\/p>\n

a) Consequences from the Motion, and Quantity of the<\/p>\n

great parts of the World, as the Earth and Stars,<\/p>\n

1] Cosmography<\/p>\n

ASTRONOMY<\/p>\n

GEOGRAPHY<\/p>\n

b) Consequences from the Motion of Speciall kinds, and<\/p>\n

Figures of Body,<\/p>\n

1] Mechaniques, Doctrine of Weight<\/p>\n

Science of<\/p>\n

ENGINEERS<\/p>\n

ARCHITECTURE<\/p>\n

NAVIGATION<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0 PHYSIQUES, or Consequences from Qualities<\/p>\n

a.\u00a0 Consequences from the Qualities of Bodies Transient, such<\/p>\n

as sometimes appear, sometimes vanish<\/p>\n

METEOROLOGY<\/p>\n

b.\u00a0 Consequences from the Qualities of Bodies Permanent<\/p>\n

1) Consequences from the Qualities of the Starres<\/p>\n

a) Consequences from the Light of the Starres.\u00a0 Out of<\/p>\n

this, and the Motion of the Sunne, is made the<\/p>\n

Science of<\/p>\n

SCIOGRAPHY<\/p>\n

b) Consequences from the Influence of the Starres,<\/p>\n

ASTROLOGY<\/p>\n

2) Consequences of the Qualities from Liquid Bodies that<\/p>\n

fill the space between the Starres; such as are the<\/p>\n

Ayre, or substance aetherial.<\/p>\n

3) Consequences from Qualities of Bodies Terrestrial<\/p>\n

a) Consequences from parts of the Earth that are<\/p>\n

without Sense,<\/p>\n

1] Consequences from Qualities of Minerals, as<\/p>\n

Stones, Metals, &c<\/p>\n

.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2] Consequences from the Qualities of Vegetables<\/p>\n

b) Consequences from Qualities of Animals<\/p>\n

1] Consequences from Qualities of Animals in<\/p>\n

Generall<\/p>\n

a] Consequences from Vision,<\/p>\n

OPTIQUES<\/p>\n

b] Consequences from Sounds,<\/p>\n

MUSIQUE<\/p>\n

c] Consequences from the rest of the senses<\/p>\n

2] Consequences from Qualities of Men in Speciall<\/p>\n

a] Consequences from Passions of Men,<\/p>\n

ETHIQUES<\/p>\n

b] Consequences from Speech,<\/p>\n

i) In Magnifying, Vilifying, etc.<\/p>\n

POETRY<\/p>\n

ii) In Persuading,<\/p>\n

RHETORIQUE<\/p>\n

iii) In Reasoning,<\/p>\n

LOGIQUE<\/p>\n

iv) In Contracting,<\/p>\n

The Science of<\/p>\n

JUST and UNJUST<\/p>\n

B.\u00a0 Consequences from the Accidents of Politique Bodies; which is<\/p>\n

called POLITIQUES, and CIVILL PHILOSOPHY<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0 Of Consequences from the Institution of COMMON-WEALTHS, to<\/p>\n

the Rights, and Duties of the Body Politique, or Soveraign.<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0 Of Consequences from the same, to the Duty and Right of<\/p>\n

the Subjects.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":251,"menu_order":9,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[48],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-37","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":3,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/leviathan\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/37","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/leviathan\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/leviathan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/leviathan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/251"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/leviathan\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/37\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":404,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/leviathan\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/37\/revisions\/404"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/leviathan\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/3"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/leviathan\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/37\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/leviathan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/leviathan\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=37"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/leviathan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=37"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/leviathan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=37"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}