{"id":151,"date":"2021-03-02T11:35:04","date_gmt":"2021-03-02T16:35:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.ryerson.ca\/mediaucracy\/?post_type=back-matter&p=151"},"modified":"2021-04-15T08:06:57","modified_gmt":"2021-04-15T12:06:57","slug":"endnotes","status":"publish","type":"back-matter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/mediaucracy\/back-matter\/endnotes\/","title":{"raw":"ENDNOTES","rendered":"ENDNOTES"},"content":{"raw":"
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  1. \r\n

    Berkowitz, I. (January 27, 2020) Unless we drop our antiquated nationalism, we\u2019ll have nothing. https:\/\/cartt.ca\/analysis-unless-we-drop-our-antiquated-nationalism-well-have-nothing\/.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  2. \r\n

    The real estate punchline is \u201clocation, location, location.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  3. \r\n

    Schneider, M. (September 20, 2020). Emmy awards 2020: HBO dominates, \u2018Watchmen\u2019 triumphs, \u2018Schitt\u2019s Creek\u2019 makes history. Variety. https:\/\/variety.com\/2020\/tv\/news\/emmys-2020-watchmen-jimmy-kimmel-1234776626\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  4. \r\n

    My words as quoted in CBC News (October 11, 2017). CBC News: Netflix launches campaign to set record straight about 500 million dollar investment. http:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/beta\/news\/business\/netflix-canada-spending-1.434727<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  5. \r\n

    Berkowitz, I.S. (June 10, 2015) In TV\u2019s Golden Age, viewers are already on line. Industry must follow. The Globe and Mail Report on Business. http:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/report-on-business\/rob-commentary\/in-tvs-new-golden-age-consumers-have-the-gold-we-should-follow-their-lead\/article24879478\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  6. \r\n

    Ismail, S. (2016). How do we fix civilization? Tedx. https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=mV0oKVOIGG4<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  7. \r\n

    CRTC (December 10, 2020). Communications Monitoring Report 2020. https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/publications\/reports\/policyMonitoring\/2020\/cmr3.htm<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  8. \r\n

    CMF 2020). Annual Report 2019-2020. p.31. https:\/\/www.cmf-fmc.ca\/CMF\/media\/documents\/CMF-Annual-Report-2019-20-EN.pdf?ext=.pdf<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  9. \r\n

    CMPA (April 2, 2020). Profile 2019: Economic report on the screen-based media production industry in Canada. Summary data, p. 4. Exhibit 2-5, p. 25, Canadian English-language TV production.\u00a0 https:\/\/cmpa.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/CMPA_2019_E_FINAL.pdf<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  10. \r\n

    CMPA (2020) Profile 2019:Economic Report on the Screen Based Media Production Industry in Canada. https:\/\/cmpa.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/CMPA_2019_E_FINAL.pdf<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  11. \r\n

    CRTC (March 12, 2015). Broadcasting Regulatory Policy CRTC 2015-86. Government of Canada. para. 28. https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/archive\/2015\/2015-86.htm<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  12. \r\n

    Apprenticeship Program (2000-2021). UNIFOR NABET-700-M. http:\/\/www.nabet700.com\/applicants\/apprenticeship_program\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  13. \r\n

    Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (December 12, 2020). Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2020. https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/publications\/reports\/policyMonitoring\/2020\/cmr3.htm#a1<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  14. \r\n

    The Power of TV Advertising in Canada. (2019). ThinkTV. https:\/\/thinktv.ca\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  15. \r\n

    Gitlin, T. (2000). Inside prime time. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.p. 31<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  16. \r\n

    Reca, A. A. (2006). Issues in media product management. In A. B. Albarran, S. M. Chan-Olmstead, & M. O. Wirth (Eds.), Handbook of media management and economics (pp. 181-201). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  17. \r\n

    Berkowitz, I.S. (February 27, 2020). Yale report a month on: The good, the bad and a quid pro quo. Playback. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2020\/02\/27\/yale-report-a-month-on-the-good-the-bad-and-a-quid-pro-quo\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  18. \r\n

    CRTC (March 12, 2015). Broadcasting Regulatory Policy CRTC 2015-86. Government of Canada. para. 28. https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/archive\/2015\/2015-86.htm<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  19. \r\n

    CMPA (April 2, 2020). Profile 2019: Economic report on the screen-based media production industry in Canada. p. 38. https:\/\/cmpa.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/CMPA_2019_E_FINAL.pdf<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  20. \r\n

    Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage. (2003). Our cultural sovereignty: The second century of Canadian broadcasting. p. 136. http:\/\/www.parl.gc.ca\/HousePublications\/Publication.aspx?DocId=1032284<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  21. \r\n

    CRTC defined \u201cpeak viewing hours\u201d as 7-11pm rather than traditionally defining prime time as 8-11 pm to help Canadian broadcasters achieve the required 50% Canadian content quota by including news programs.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  22. \r\n

    CMF (2020). Annual Report 2019-2020. p.31. https:\/\/www.cmf-fmc.ca\/CMF\/media\/documents\/CMF-Annual-Report-2019-20-EN.pdf?ext=.pdf<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  23. \r\n

    CMPA (April 2, 2020). Profile 2019: Economic report on the screen-based media production industry in Canada. p. 79. https:\/\/cmpa.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/CMPA_2019_E_FINAL.pdf<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  24. \r\n

    CMF (2016). National fiction on the small screen: Study on the performance of local and international drama series in nine small television markets CMF-AQPM-SODEC<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  25. \r\n

    CMF (2020). Annual Report 2019-2020. p.79 https:\/\/www.cmf-fmc.ca\/CMF\/media\/documents\/CMF-Annual-Report-2019-20-EN.pdf?ext=.pdf<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  26. \r\n

    Berkowitz, I.S. (2016). Domestic supply to global demand: Reframing the challenge of English-language Canadian TV drama. PhD Dissertation. http:\/\/digital.library.ryerson.ca\/islandora\/object\/RULA%3A4885\/datastream\/OBJ\/download\/Domestic_supply_to_global_demand__reframing_the_<\/span>challenge_of_Canadian_English-language_television_drama.pdf<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  27. \r\n

    Kissell, R. ( January 12, 2015). Golden Globes ratings on NBC down vs. last year, still strong. Variety.http:\/\/variety.com\/2015\/data\/ratings\/golden-globes-ratings-on-nbc-down-vs-last-year-still-strong-1201400878\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  28. \r\n

    Del Vecchio (September 21, 2020). The 2020 Emmys TV ratings cracked \u2014 and so did its relevance. Forbes.https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/genedelvecchio\/2020\/09\/21\/the-2020-emmys-tv-ratings-crashedand-so-did-its-relevance\/#a3accf16a2e4<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  29. \r\n

    My written presentation is at https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Documents.aspx?ID=218358&Lang=e. The video file is at http:\/\/www.cpac.ca\/en\/digital-archives\/?search=Let%27s+Talk+TV<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  30. \r\n

    Berkowitz, I. S. (March 13, 2015). CRTC gets it: time to make hits, not shows. The Globe and Mail. https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/opinion\/crtc-gets-it-time-to-make-hits-not-shows\/article23449134\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  31. \r\n

    CBC News (October 10, 2017). Netflix launches campaign to set record straight about $500M Canadian investment.https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/business\/netflix-canada-spending-1.4347276<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  32. \r\n

    Berkowitz, I.S. (November 3, 2017). Column: Is it time for a new points system? Playback. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2017\/11\/03\/column-is-it-time-for-a-new-points-system\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  33. \r\n

    Palao, F., Lapierre, M. and Ismail, S. (2019). Exponential Transformation: Evolve your organization (and change the world) with a 10-week ExO sprint. NJ: John Wilely and Sons.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  34. \r\n

    McQueen, T. (2003). Dramatic choices: A report on Canadian English-language drama. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/Library\/Detail\/catalog5894 p. 2<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  35. \r\n

    Berkowitz, I.S, Davis, C. H. and Smith, H. (May 22, 2019). Watchtime Canada: How YouTube connects creators and consumers. https:\/\/sites.google.com\/view\/watchtime-2019<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  36. \r\n

    Ismail. S., Malone, M., and Van Geest, Y. (2014, 2021) Exponential Organizations: Why new organizations are ten times better, faster, and cheaper than yours and what to do about it.<\/i> Diversion Books: New York. (2021 edition forthcoming)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  37. \r\n

    based on a famous April 19, 1965 article \u201c The Future of Integrated Circuits\u201d published in Electronics Magazine on April 19, 1965. by Gordon Moore of CalTech, Cramming more components onto integrated circuits originally published in In 1968, Moore founded Intel Corporation in 1968.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  38. \r\n

    Berkowitz, I.S. (2016). Ten media takeaways from Silicon Valley. CMF Trends<\/i>. http:\/\/devtrends.cmf-fmc.ca\/ten-media-takeaways-from-silicon-valley\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  39. \r\n

    O\u2019Brien, G. (April 15, 2015). NAB 2015: Content discoverability to be the top challenge for the TV biz, \u201cand there\u2019s no number two.\u201d Cartt.ca https:\/\/cartt.ca\/nab-2015-content-discoverability-to-be-the-top-challenge-for-the-tv-biz-and-theres-no-number-two\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  40. \r\n

    Statista (n.d.) Number of Netflix paying subscribers from 2011to 2019 by type. https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/258321\/number-of-netflix-subscribers-by-type\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  41. \r\n

    Erlichman, J. (September 22, 2020).10 years on: How Netflix in Canada has evolved a decade later. https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.bnnbloomberg.ca\/10-years-on-how-netflix-in-canada-has-evolved-a-decade-later-1.1497551&sa=D&ust=1609775298236000&usg=AOvVaw2jaxgQE3ntcBchgMI0aH35<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  42. \r\n

    Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage (2003). Our cultural sovereignty: The second century of Canadian broadcasting.<\/i> pp.5, 301. http:\/\/www.parl.gc.ca\/HousePublications\/Publication.aspx?DocId=1032284<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  43. \r\n

    Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (December 12, 2020). Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2020. https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/publications\/reports\/policyMonitoring\/2020\/cmr3.htm#a1<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  44. \r\n

    Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage. (2003). Our cultural sovereignty: The second century of Canadian broadcasting. p. 8. http:\/\/www.parl.gc.ca\/HousePublications\/Publication.aspx?DocId=1032284<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  45. \r\n

    Statista (n.d.) Penetration rate of Netflix subscribers 2012-2018 bt subscriber\u2019s language. statista.com https:\/\/www-statista-com.ezproxy.lib.ryerson.ca\/statistics\/473746\/canada-netflix-subscriber-reach-language\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  46. \r\n

    Pinto, J. (September 24, 2020). Throne Speech reaffirms government plans to regulate digital platforms. Playback. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2020\/09\/24\/throne-speech-reaffirms-government-plan-to-regulate-digital-platforms\/?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=throne-speech-reaffirms-government-plan-to-regulate-digital-platforms&_u=oCDb6C3h63A%3d<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  47. \r\n

    Curry, B. and Dickson, J. (November 3, 2020). Broadcasting bill targets online streaming services. The Globe and Mail. https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/politics\/article-ottawa-says-broadcasting-act-changes-will-raise-over-800-million-from\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  48. \r\n

    Above the line is a throwback to the printed version of a production budget where a line was drawn under the key elements, including lead writer, producer(s) and sometimes director (more typically in feature length content). Below the line costs detail the manufacturing crew that won\u2019t be hired until these key elements are approved in the development process. While a budget can span 20-100s of pages, a few \u201cabove the line\u201d elements take up less than half of the first page.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  49. \r\n

    CRTC (August 25, 2015). FInancial summaries for broadcasting sector. Government of Canada. https:\/\/open.canada.ca\/data\/en\/dataset\/853acdd6-b3cc-4957-8447-c885669a9dad<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  50. \r\n

    Berkowitz, I. S. (June 2016). Domestic supply to Global demand: reframing the challenge of Canadian English-language Canadian television drama<\/i>. PhD Dissertation. http:\/\/digital.library.ryerson.ca\/islandora\/object\/RULA%3A4885\/datastream\/OBJ\/download\/Domestic_supply_to_global_demand__reframing_the_challenge_of_Canadian_English-language_television_drama.pdf<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  51. \r\n

    Davis, C. H., & Kaye, J. (2010a). \u201cIf it ain\u2019t on the page, it ain\u2019t on the stage\u201d: Screenwriting, national specificity and the English-Canadian feature film. Journal of Screenwriting, 2(1), 61-83. doi:10.1386\/josc.2.1.61_1<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  52. \r\n

    CRTC (March 12, 2015). Jean-Pierre Blais to the Canadian Club of Ottawa on Let\u2019s Talk TV and the future of content made by Canadians (Press release). http:\/\/news.gc.ca\/web\/article-en.do?nid=947239<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  53. \r\n

    MacDonald, G. (2007, February 24). A hand up in a tough town. The Globe and Mail<\/i>. http:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/arts\/a-hand-up-in-a-tough-town\/article4094117\/?page=al<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  54. \r\n

    Royal Commission on National Development in the Arts, Letters, and Sciences. (1951). Report\u2014Royal Commission on National Development in the Arts, Letters, and Sciences, 1949-1951. Ottawa, ON: Edmond Cloutier, Printer to the King\u2019s Most Excellent Majesty. https:\/\/www.collectionscanada.gc.ca\/massey\/h5-400-e.html<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  55. \r\n

    Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage. (2003). Our cultural sovereignty: The second century of Canadian broadcasting. p. 149 .http:\/\/www.parl.gc.ca\/HousePublications\/Publication.aspx?DocId=1032284<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  56. \r\n

    CRTC (March 12, 2015). Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-86: The way forward\u2014Creating compelling and diverse Canadian programming. Para. 55. http:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/archive2015\/2015-86.htm<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  57. \r\n

    Today in Science History (1999-2020). Albert Einstein. todayinsci.com<\/i> https:\/\/todayinsci.com\/E\/Einstein_Albert\/EinsteinAlbert-Theory-Quotations.htm. Wikipedia explores Occam's razor (based on the 14th century philosopher, William Ockham) as the principle of a preference for simple explanations in philosophy and science.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  58. \r\n

    Porter, M. E. (2008). On competition\u2014Updated and expanded edition.<\/i> Boston, MA: Harvard Business School; Porter, M. E. (1990). The competitive advantage of nations. New York, NY: Free Press; Porter, M. E. (1998). Competitive strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors.<\/i> New York, NY: The Free Press. (Original work published 1980).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  59. \r\n

    Christensen, C. (2000). The Innovator\u2019s Dilemma<\/i>. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Publishing; Christensen, C., Anthony, S., & Roth, E. A. (2013). Seeing what\u2019s next: Using the theories of innovation to predict industry change<\/i>. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Publishing.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  60. \r\n

    Slywotzky, A.J. (1996). Value migration: How to think several moves ahead of the competition<\/i>. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press., p. 17<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  61. \r\n

    CMPA (April 2, 2020). Profile 2019: Economic report on the screen-based media production industry in Canada<\/i>. p. 18. https:\/\/cmpa.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/CMPA_2019_E_FINAL.pdf<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  62. \r\n

    CRTC (August 25, 2020). FInancial summaries for broadcasting sector. Government of Canada<\/i>. https:\/\/open.canada.ca\/data\/en\/dataset\/853acdd6-b3cc-4957-8447-c885669a9dad<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  63. \r\n

    Sources include Elmer, G., & Gasher, M. (Eds). (2005). Contracting out Hollywood: Runaway productions and foreign location shooting<\/i>. Rowman & Littlefield; , G., Davis C. H., Marchessault, J., & McCullough, J. (Eds.). (2010). Locating migrating media<\/i>. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books; Tinic, S. (2005). On location: Canada\u2019s television industry in a global market.<\/i> Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press; Zitzerman, D. (2014, January). Great White North. Update re: film and TV production in Canada. Los Angeles, CA. Goodmans LLP.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  64. \r\n

    Canadian Forex. (2015, June 29). Yearly average exchange rate for currencies. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.canadianforex.ca\/forex-tools\/historical-rate-tools\/yearly-average-rates<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  65. \r\n

    Vlessing, E. (October 16, 2020). City Hall is recruiting a private developer to build 500,000 square feet of stages and facilities on a chunk of land next to Pinewood Studios. https:\/\/www.hollywoodreporter.com\/index.php\/news\/giant-film-studio-development-planned-for-toronto<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  66. \r\n

    I have initiated 2 ideas to remedy this creative disconnect between Canada and Hollywood. Both got traction and the effort is ongoing.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  67. \r\n

    BBC: 10351 Santa Monica Blvd. ITV: 15303 Ventura Blvd. Australia Channel Seven: 10100 Santa Monica Blvd. Channel Nine: 6255 Sunset Blvd. Channel Ten: 3440 Motor Ave.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  68. \r\n

    Porter, M. E. (1998, November). Clusters and the new economics of competition. Harvard Business Review<\/i>, 77-90. https:\/\/hbr.org\/1998\/11\/clusters-and-the-new-economics-of-competition<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  69. \r\n

    Berkowitz, I., Davis, C.H. and Smith, H. (May 22, 2019). Watchtime Canada:How YouTube connects creators and consumers. https:\/\/audiencelab.fcad.ryerson.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/YouTube-Full-Report-FINAL_V7_May21.pdf and https:\/\/sites.google.com\/view\/watchtime-2019<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  70. \r\n

    Berkowitz, I.S., Davis, C.H., Smith, H. (May 22, 2019). Watchtime Canada: How YouTube connects creators and consumers. p.13. https:\/\/sites.google.com\/view\/watchtime-2019<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  71. \r\n

    <\/span>Menzies, P. (September 5, 2019) YouTube knocking down Canada\u2019s protective wall. https:\/\/troymedia.com\/?s=menzies+youtube2019 (July 3).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  72. \r\n

    Berkowitz, I. S. (July 6, 2015). Yanking the value chain: how to make global hits. Playback. http:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2015\/07\/06\/yanking-the-value-chain-how-to-make-global-hits\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  73. \r\n

    Berkowitz, I., Davis, C. H., Smith, H. (2019). Watchtime Canada: How YouTube connects creators and consumers. https:\/\/audiencelab.fcad.ryerson.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/YouTube-Full-Report-FINAL_V7_May21.pdf and https:\/\/sites.google.com\/view\/watchtime-2019<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  74. \r\n

    Berkowitz, I., Davis, C. H., Smith, H. (2019). Watchtime Canada: How YouTube connects creators and consumers. Figure 2.22 Please note that on YouTube, an eligible creators is an audience-derived definition, requiring more than 1,000 subscribers and 4,000 hours of watch time within the previous 12 months. https:\/\/audiencelab.fcad.ryerson.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/YouTube-Full-Report-FINAL_V7_May21.pdf and https:\/\/sites.google.com\/view\/watchtime-2019<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  75. \r\n

    Data as of December 2019, compiled by the author from youtube.com and socialblade.com.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  76. \r\n

    Berkowitz, I., Davis, C. H., Smith, H. (2019). Watchtime Canada: How YouTube connects creators and consumers<\/i>. https:\/\/audiencelab.fcad.ryerson.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/YouTube-Full-Report-FINAL_V7_May21.pdf and https:\/\/sites.google.com\/view\/watchtime-2019<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  77. \r\n

    Press, J. (August 29, 2019). Why Israeli TV Is Irresistible to American Producers: From Homeland to Euphoria to Sacha Baron Cohen\u2019s new Netflix series, American TV can\u2019t stop adapting inventive Israeli formats. Vanity Fair. https:\/\/www.vanityfair.com\/hollywood\/2019\/08\/why-israeli-tv-is-irresistible-to-american-producers<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  78. \r\n

    <\/span>Hale, M. (December 20, 2019). The 30 best international TV shows of the decade. The New York Times<\/i>. https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2019\/12\/20\/arts\/television\/best-international-tv-shows.html<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  79. \r\n

    <\/span>Ahdollah, T. (January 30, 2020). \u2018We\u2019re not trying to export Hollywood:\u2019 Netflix\u2019s Ted Sarandos breaks down the new movie model. dot.LA https:\/\/dot.la\/ted-netflix-chief-content-officer-ted-sarandossarandos-netflix-upfront-summit-2644985040.html<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  80. \r\n

    <\/span>Canada Media Fund (August 10, 2016). National Fiction on the Small Screen. https:\/\/trends.cmf-fmc.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/National_Fiction_on_the_Small_Screen_FINAL_2016-10-13.pdf<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  81. \r\n

    <\/span>MDR-CMPA (August 31, 2016). Exporting Canadian television globally: Trends, opportunities and future directions<\/i>. p. 28, 32. For Canada, CMF Annual Report, http:\/\/ar-ra15-16.cmf-fmc.ca\/audience\/sales_and_exports\/.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  82. \r\n

    <\/span>Creighton, V. (March 31, 2015). Driving the digital economy: The role of the Canada Media Fund. Economic Club of Canada.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  83. \r\n

    <\/span>CBI (August 2016). All the world\u2019s a stage: Growing Britain\u2019s creative industries<\/i>. p. 12 http:\/\/www.cbi.org.uk\/cbi-prod\/assets\/File\/all-the-worlds-a-stage(1).pdfCBI defines itself as UK\u2019s most effective and influential business organisation representing 190,000 businesses that employ 7 million people, one-third of private sector.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  84. \r\n

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    <\/span>Palmer, P. (January 23, 2015). Why broadcasting and telecoms belong in different legislation. Philip Palmer Law. http:\/\/philippalmerlaw.ca\/broadcasting-telecoms-belong-different-legislation\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>CRTC (1971). Canadian Broadcasting, A Single System: Policy Statement on Cable Television. Section 4 Many thanks to retired CRTC Executive, Margaret Kennedy, who facilitated my request for the original documents on simultaneous substitution and spent hours of research to find these archived files.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  164. \r\n

    \u00a0Personal communication with the author.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  165. \r\n

    <\/span>Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission. (2011). Broadcasting Decision 2011-441: Group-based licence renewals for English-language television groups\u2014Introductory decision. Canadian Program Expenditures. http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/archive\/2011\/2011-441.htm<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  166. \r\n

    <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (February 27, 2020). Yale report a month on: The good, the bad and a quid pro quo. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2020\/02\/27\/yale-report-a-month-on-the-good-the-bad-and-a-quid-pro-quo\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  167. \r\n

    <\/span>Grant, P. S., & Buchanan, G. (Eds.). (2010). Regulatory guide to Canadian television<\/i>. Toronto, ON: McCarthy Tetrault.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  168. \r\n

    <\/span>Rogers Communications Inc. (October 8, 2014). Intervention 2345, Appendix C by Armstrong Consulting: The economic value of simultaneous signal substitution for English-language private television broadcasters. https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Default-Defaut.aspx?en=2014-190&dt=i&S=C&PA=b&PT=nc&PST=a&lang=e<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  169. \r\n

    <\/span>Thanks to CRTC who provided the dates of meetings between the industry and the CRTC over the four years (1980-1984) that it took to create the 10 point system.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  170. \r\n

    <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (January 27, 2020). Analysis: Unless we drop our antiquated nationalism, we\u2019ll have nothing. cartt.ca https:\/\/cartt.ca\/analysis-unless-we-drop-our-antiquated-nationalism-well-have-nothing\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  171. \r\n

    <\/span>Zitzerman, D. (March 2012). Structuring an international treaty co-production or a CRTC co-venture: Insight 5th edition entertainment law: Best practice and lessons learned. www.goodmans.ca\/files\/file\/docs\/zitzerman.pdf, p. 6<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  172. \r\n

    <\/span>An obscure report about new opportunities emerging in the U.S. may have laid conceptual groundwork for the Canadian co-ventures category. Apparently authored by a consulting company for Pierre Elliot Trudeau\u2019s Department of Communications, it observed that opportunity and mutual need would define the U.S. market for Canadian TV programs. It emphasized Canadian creative talent: \u201cIn the final analysis, it is the strength of the program idea that matters most. Canadians do not lack talent or ideas\u201d (Grieve, Horner, & Associates, 1983).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  173. \r\n

    <\/span>Canadian Forex. (June 29, 2015). Yearly average exchange rate for currencies. http:\/\/www.canadianforex.ca\/forex-tools\/historical-rate-tools\/yearly-average-rates<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  174. \r\n

    <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (January 27, 2020). Analysis: Unless we drop our antiquated nationalism, we\u2019ll have nothing. cartt.ca https:\/\/cartt.ca\/analysis-unless-we-drop-our-antiquated-nationalism-well-have-nothing\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  175. \r\n

    <\/span>Per CRTC 2015-86 (March 12, 2015), The Way Forward<\/i>, Canadian content daytime quotas were removed in 2016.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  176. \r\n

    <\/span>Broadcast exhibition quotas underwent revisions, but there were few substantive changes until CRTC\u20192015 decision resulting from Let\u2019s Talk TV<\/i>,# the nation\u2019s first inquiry on the impact of global media disruption. Daytime regulations were removed, so as to focus on high-budget, high-employment primetime Canadian content, another strategy to direct more resources towards Canadian content in the hopes of increasing popularity. Let\u2019s Talk TV<\/i> is examined in Chapter 5.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  177. \r\n

    <\/span>Lemieux, R., & Jackson, J. ( October 12, 1999) Cultural exemptions in Canada\u2019s major international trade agreements and investment relationships. http:\/\/www.parl.gc.ca\/Content\/LOP\/researchpublications\/prb9925-e.ht<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  178. \r\n

    <\/span>McGregor, J. (October 17, 2018). Canada to apply USMCA cultural exemption to trade in digital media. cbc.ca ttps:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/politics\/usmca-nafta-cultural-exemption-1.4865113<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  179. \r\n

    <\/span>CRTC (May 17, 1999). CRTC Broadcasting Public Notice (PN) 1999-84, Telecom PN 99-14. The Commission\u2019s approach to new media. para. 6. http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/archive\/1999\/pb99-84.htm<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  180. \r\n

    <\/span>The Power of TV Advertising in Canada. (2019). ThinkTV<\/i>. https:\/\/thinktv.ca\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  181. \r\n

    <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (February 27, 2020). Yale report a month on: The good, the bad and a quid pro quo. Playback. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2020\/02\/27\/yale-report-a-month-on-the-good-the-bad-and-a-quid-pro-quo\/#ixzz6hCaXCMop<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  182. \r\n

    <\/span>Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage. (2003). Our cultural sovereignty: The second century of Canadian broadcasting.<\/i> http:\/\/www.parl.gc.ca\/HousePublications\/Publication.aspx?DocId=1032284. p. 136.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  183. \r\n

    <\/span>for example, Macerola, F. (2003, June). Canadian content in the 21st century in film and television productions: A matter of cultural destiny (Cat. No. CH44-29\/2003). https:\/\/www.sfu.ca\/cmns\/courses\/230\/Body%20text.section\/Canada\/Canadian%20Content-2003E.pdf<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  184. \r\n

    <\/span>Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage. (2003). Our cultural sovereignty: The second century of Canadian broadcasting<\/i>. http:\/\/www.parl.gc.ca\/HousePublications\/Publication.aspx?DocId=1032284, p.121.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  185. \r\n

    <\/span>Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage. (2003). Our cultural sovereignty: The second century of Canadian broadcasting<\/i>. Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage, p. 132-164.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  186. \r\n

    <\/span>Zitzerman, D. (March, 2012). Structuring an international treaty co-production or a CRTC co-venture: Insight 5th edition entertainment law: Best practice and lessons learned. www.goodmans.ca\/files\/file\/docs\/zitzerman.pdf<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  187. \r\n

    <\/span>Hoskins, C., McFadyen, S. & Finn, A. (2004). Media economics: Applying economics to new and traditional media<\/i>. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. p. 160-320.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  188. \r\n

    <\/span>Porter, M. E. (1998b, November). Clusters and the new economics of competition. Harvard Business Review<\/i>, p. 86-87<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  189. \r\n

    <\/span>Coalition of Canadian Audio-Visual Unions, 2003.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  190. \r\n

    <\/span>McQueen, T. (2003). Dramatic choices: A report on Canadian English-language drama. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission. p. 2. http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/Library\/Detail\/catalog5894<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  191. \r\n

    <\/span>CRTC (November 29, 2004). Incentives for English-language Canadian television drama (Broadcasting Public Notice CRTC 2004-93). http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/archive\/2004\/pb2004-93.htm<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  192. \r\n

    <\/span>Government of Canada, Department of Canadian Heritage. (2009). Canada Media Fund<\/i>. para. 27. http:\/\/www.pch.gc.ca\/eng\/1294329166335\/1294330109930<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  193. \r\n

    <\/span>de Rosa, M. and Burgess, M. (December 2015). An international comparative study: How national content is defined in Canada and selected countries for the purpose of providing access to public support.<\/i> CMPA-CMF-Telefilm-OMDC-MDR; CMF-Olsberg SPI (September 2015). New funding models: How funders cope in a changing media environment<\/i>. London, UK.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  194. \r\n

    <\/span>Berkowitz, I. S. (June 10, 2015). In TV\u2019s Golden Age, viewers are already on line. Industry must follow. The Globe and Mail Report on Business<\/i>. http:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/report-on-business\/rob-commentary\/in-tvs-new-golden-age-consumers-have-the-gold-we-should-follow-their-lead\/article24879478\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  195. \r\n

    <\/span>Statista (n.d.) Penetration rate of Netflix subscribers in Canada 2012-2018 by subscriber\u2019s language. statista.com https:\/\/www-statista-com.ezproxy.lib.ryerson.ca\/statistics\/473746\/canada-netflix-subscriber-reach-language\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  196. \r\n

    <\/span>Public Interest Advocacy Center\/PIAC ( September 9, 2014). Let\u2019s Talk TV, Day 2<\/i>. http:\/\/www.piac.ca\/telecom\/let_s_talk_tv_day_2\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  197. \r\n

    <\/span>Oliveira, M. (September 20, 2013). Netflix doubles subscriber base in Canada. The Globe and Mail<\/i>. https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/technology\/business-technology\/netflix-doubles-subscriber-base-in-canada-survey-says\/article14433587\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  198. \r\n

    <\/span>As quoted in Berkowitz, I. S. (February 27, 2020). Yale report a month on: The good, the bad, and a quid pro quo. Playback. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2020\/02\/27\/yale-report-a-month-on-the-good-the-bad-and-a-quid-pro-quo\/ in a speech by then CRTC VP of Telecommunications, Peter Menzies. Original speech can be found at: Government of Canada (September 23, 2013). Speech by Peter Menzies. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/news\/archive\/2013\/09\/speech-peter-menzies.html<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  199. \r\n

    <\/span>Friends of Canadian Broadcasting (March 12, 2015),. Speech: CRTC Chairman on Let\u2019s Talk TV and the future of content made by Canadians by Jean-Pierre Blais. https:\/\/friends.ca\/explore\/article\/speech-crtc-chairman-on-lets-talk-tv-and-the-future-of-content-made-by-canadians-by-jean-pierre-blais\/Age of abundance, paras. 11-12 & Conclusion, para. 2) http:\/\/news.gc.ca\/web\/article-en.do?nid=926529<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  200. \r\n

    <\/span>Berkowitz, (I. S.) (September 9, 2014) Brain Drain to Brain Chain | Can Con to Can Brand\u2014Reframing the Challenge of English Language Canadian TV Drama<\/i> https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Documents.aspx?ID=218358&en=2014-190&dt=i&lang=e&S=C&PA=b&PT=nc&PST=a<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  201. \r\n

    <\/span>CRTC (2014) Interventions, Public Process 2014-90 https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Default-Defaut.aspx?en=2014-190&dt=i&lang=e&S=C&PA=b&PT=nc&PST=a<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  202. \r\n

    <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (July 7, 2014). Is it time to rebrand Canadian TV. playbackonline.ca<\/i> http:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2014\/07\/07\/oped-is-it-time-to-re-brand-canadian-tv\/%23ixzz36oOrqGOX<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  203. \r\n

    <\/span>Government of Canada, CRTC (September 2014). Agenda: Hearing 8 September 2014, Gatineau, Quebec. https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/Broadcast\/eng\/HEARINGS\/2014\/ag08_09.htm?_ga=2.73238035.1286938753.1610379155-680731202.1605035722<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  204. Berkowitz, I. S. (September 9, 2014)\u00a0 Can Con to Can Brand \u2013 Let\u2019s pivot our goal from domestic supply to global demand. (Written version of live presentation at CRTC hearing, Let\u2019s talk TV). https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Documents.aspx?ID=218358&Lang= <\/a><\/li>\r\n \t
  205. \r\n

    <\/span>Government of Canada (2014). CRTC, related documents. Berkowitz, I. (October 3, 2014). Future Proofing Canada\u2019s Media System\u2014From Investment to Return on Investment: Global Applause Is not Just Good Business\u2014It\u2019s Great Culture https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Documents.aspx?ID=218358&en=2014-190&dt=f&lang=e&S=C&PA=b&PT=nc&PST=a<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  206. \r\n

    <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (September 15, 2014). Canadians want good programs, not 300 channels. The Globe and Mail. https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/opinion\/canadians-want-good-programs-not-300-channels\/article20600050\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  207. \r\n

    <\/span>CRTC. (2014). Public Process 2014-190. https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Default-Defaut.aspx?en=2014-190&dt=f&lang=e&S=C&PA=b&PT=nc&PST=a<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  208. \r\n

    <\/span>CRTC (March 26, 2015). Let\u2019s Talk TV decisions at a glance. http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/com300\/infograph1.htm<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  209. \r\n

    <\/span>CRTC (January 29, 2015). Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-25: Measures to address issues related to simultaneous substitution. http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/archive\/2015\/2015-24.htm<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  210. \r\n

    <\/span>Rogers Communications Inc. (October 8, 2014). Intervention 2345, Appendix C by Armstrong Consulting: The economic value of simultaneous signal substitution for English-language private television broadcasters. https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Default-Defaut.aspx?en=2014-190&dt=i&S=C&PA=b&PT=nc&PST=a&lang=e<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  211. \r\n

    <\/span>CRTC (March 12, 2015). Jean-Pierre Blais to the Canadian Club of Ottawa on Let\u2019s Talk TV<\/i> and the future of content made by Canadians (Press release). Today\u2019s Decision section, para. 3. http:\/\/news.gc.ca\/web\/article-en.do?nid=947239<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  212. \r\n

    <\/span>CRTC (March 12, 2015). Jean-Pierre Blais to the Canadian Club of Ottawa on Let\u2019s Talk TV <\/i>and the future of content made by Canadians (Press release). Today\u2019s Decision section, para. 3. http:\/\/news.gc.ca\/web\/article-en.do?nid=947239<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  213. \r\n

    <\/span>CRTC (March 12, 2015). Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-86.The way forward - Creating compelling and diverse Canadian programming. http:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/archive2015\/2015-86.htm<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  214. \r\n

    <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (March 13, 2015). CRTC gets it: Time to make hits, not shows. The Globe and Mail Report on Business<\/i> http:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/globe-debate\/crtc-gets-it-time-to-make-hits-not-shows\/article23449134\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  215. \r\n

    <\/span>Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) (March 26, 2015). Let\u2019s Talk TV decisions at a glance. https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/television\/services\/idecisions.htm<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  216. \r\n

    <\/span>Porter, M. E. (1990). The competitive advantage of nations.. New York, NY: Free Press. pp. 30 and 169-171<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  217. \r\n

    <\/span>Jackson, E. (June 14, 2016). Netflix lands over a million new subscribers in less than a year. National Post. http:\/\/www.nationalpost.com\/netflix+lands+over+million+canadian+subscribers+less+than+year+report\/11986099\/story.html<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  218. \r\n

    <\/span>Statista. Number of Netflix subscribers in Canada 2017-2023. Subscribers continued to grow to over 7M in 2019 and are expected to reach 8M in 2023, amidst competition from other online services such as Disney Plus and Amazon Prime Video. https:\/\/www-statista-com.ezproxy.lib.ryerson.ca\/statistics\/685141\/canada-netflix-subscribers-count\/. By comparison, cable subscriptions to English speaking households from 2010-2017 dropped lightly, about 7500 to 7,000: Television cable subscription in Canada 2010-2017 by provider. https:\/\/www-statista-com.ezproxy.lib.ryerson.ca\/statistics\/431299\/tv-subscribers-canada-corporation\/ \\<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  219. \r\n

    <\/span>The Power of TV Advertising in Canada. (2019). ThinkTV. https:\/\/thinktv.ca\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  220. \r\n

    <\/span>Canadian Content in a Digital World: https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/services\/culture\/consultations.html & Creative Canada Policy Framework: https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/canadian-heritage\/campaigns\/creative-canada\/framework.html<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Government of Canada (August 26, 2016). Thank you to those who participated\u2026 Canadian content in a digital world. https:\/\/www.canadiancontentconsultations.ca\/home<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Government of Canada (September 2016). Canadian content in a digital world. Department of Canadian Heritage. https:\/\/s3.ca-central-1.amazonaws.com\/ehq-production-canada\/documents\/attachments\/e328d01aaa5d8b25b5b2e769f0f3ccb59f63893e\/000\/004\/022\/original\/PCH-DigiCanCon-Consultation_Paper.pdf?1474391164<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Reid, R. (June 14, 2017). Banff 17: JP Blais\u2019 last stand. Playback<\/i>. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2017\/06\/14\/banff-17-jp-blais-last-stand\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Ismail. S., Malone, M., and Van Geest, Y. (2014, 2021) Exponential Organizations: Why new organizations are ten times better, faster, and cheaper than yours and what to do about it<\/i>. Diversion Books: New York. (2021 edition forthcoming)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  225. \r\n

    <\/span>Berkowitz, I. S. (December 1, 2016). TV is about to be disrupted and the CRTC knows it. The Globe and Mail<\/i> http:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/opinion\/cable-tv-is-about-to-be-disrupted-and-the-crtc-knows-it\/article33121340\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Anderson, C. (2006). The long tail: Why the future of business is selling less of more<\/i>. New York: Hyperion.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Government of Canada. Canadian Heritage. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/canadian-heritage\/services\/exporting-creative-industries\/creative-export-strategy.html<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Government of Canada. Canadian Heritage. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/canadian-heritage\/services\/funding\/creative-export-canada.html<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  229. \r\n

    <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (October 3, 2017). Five reasons to like Minister Joly\u2019s Netflix deal. The Globe and Mail<\/i>. https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/report-on-business\/rob-commentary\/five-reasons-to-like-heritage-minister-melanie-jolys-netflix-deal\/article36472751\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  230. \r\n

    <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (November 3, 2017). Column: Is it time for a new points system? playbackonline.ca. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2017\/11\/03\/column-is-it-time-for-a-new-points-system\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  231. \r\n

    <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (December 7, 2017). Hey Industry: Let\u2019s be clear about the Netflix tax. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2017\/12\/07\/column-hey-industry-lets-be-clear-about-the-netflix-tax\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  232. \r\n

    <\/span>Wong, T. (November 8, 2019). Quebec\u2019s Netflix tax was a big success -- will Ottawa follow with one of its own? https:\/\/www.thestar.com\/news\/canada\/2019\/11\/08\/quebec-was-the-first-to-impose-a-sales-tax-on-netflix-will-the-rest-of-canada-follow.html<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  233. \r\n

    <\/span>Curry, B. (January 22, 2019). Saskatchewan joins Quebec in requiring Netflix to collect sales tax. https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/politics\/article-saskatchewan-joins-quebec-in-requiring-netflix-to-collect-sales-tax\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  234. \r\n

    <\/span>CRTC (October 12, 2017).Broadcasting Notice of Consultation 217-359. crtc.ca https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/archive\/2017\/2017-359.htm<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  235. \r\n

    <\/span>CRTC (December, 2019). Reference document: Consultation of the future of program distribution in Canada. crtc.ca. https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/television\/program\/s15r.htm7<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>CRTC (May 31, 2018). Harnessing Change: The future of program distribution in Canada. crtc.ca https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/publications\/s15\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  237. \r\n

    <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (July 5, 2018). We need to talk about Canadian drama. playbackonline.ca<\/i>. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2018\/07\/05\/column-we-need-to-talk-about-canadian-drama\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  238. \r\n

    <\/span>CRTC (December 2017). Consultation on the future of program distribution in Canada: Reference Document.# https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/television\/program\/s15r.htm<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  239. \r\n

    <\/span>CRTC (2018). Harnessing change: The future of program distribution in Canada. https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/publications\/s15\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  240. \r\n

    <\/span>Houpt, S. and Krashinsky Robertson, S. (January 31, 2019). CBC head under fire after comparing Netflix to the British Raj, warns of \u2018cultural imperialism.\u201d The Globe and Mail<\/i>.\u00a0 <\/span>https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/arts\/article-cbc-head-warns-netflix-poses-cultural-threat-to-canada\/Pinto, J. (February 1, 2019). Media leaders, Netflix spar on Prime Time stage. playbackonlin<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Geist, M. (January 31, 2019). The real over-the-top: CBC President likens Netfl to cultural imperialism such as the British in India or French in Africa. Michael Geist ca https:\/\/www.michaelgeist.ca\/2019\/01\/the-real-over-the-top-cbc-president-likens-netflix-to-cultural-imperialism-such-as-the-british-in-india-or-french-in-africa\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Government of Canada (January 14, 2019). Broadcasting and Telecommunications Legislative Review Panel: Biographies.\u00a0 <\/span>https:\/\/www.ic.gc.ca\/eic\/site\/110.nsf\/eng\/00002.html<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Government of Canada (September 25, 2018). Broadcasting and telecommunications panel launches consultations: News release. https:\/\/www.ic.gc.ca\/eic\/site\/110.nsf\/eng\/00004.html<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>The tweet can be found here: Geist, M. (June 27m 2019). What is the point of the Broadcast and Telecom Review if the government has already decided what it intends to do. michaelgeist.ca<\/em> https:\/\/www.michaelgeist.ca\/2019\/06\/pointofbtlr\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

  246. \r\n

    <\/span>The Wire Report<\/em> (June 26, 2019). Rodriguez promises CanCon rules for \u2018web giants.\u2019 https:\/\/www.thewirereport.ca\/2019\/06\/26\/rodriguez-promises-cancon-discoverability-rules-for-web-giants<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (October 24, 2019). Bordering the U.S.: Win or lose for Canadian media? playbackonline.ca.<\/i> https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2019\/10\/24\/bordering-the-u-s-win-or-lose-for-canadian-media\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (January 13,, 2020).Follow the Money: How Canadian creators are rocking it on YouTube. Playback. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2020\/01\/23\/follow-the-money-how-canadian-creators-are-rocking-it-on-youtube\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (January 27, 2020). Unless we drop our antiquated nationalism, we\u2019ll have nothing. Playback. https:\/\/cartt.ca\/analysis-unless-we-drop-our-antiquated-nationalism-well-have-nothing\/ Cartt.ca<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Berkowitz, I. (January 27, 2020). Analysis: Unless we drop our antiquated nationalism, we\u2019ll have nothing. Cartt.ca.\u00a0 <\/span>https:\/\/cartt.ca\/?s=antiquated+nationalism+berkowitz<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Government of Canada. (January 29, 2020). Canada\u2019s communication future: Time to act. http:\/\/www.ic.gc.ca\/eic\/site\/110.nsf\/eng\/00012.html<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Some news on the Yale Report<\/i>:\r\nGeist, M. (January 30, 2020). The CRTC knows best: Panel report recommends costly overhaul of Canadian communication law to regulate Internet sites and services worldwide. michaelgeist.ca<\/i> http:\/\/www.michaelgeist.ca\/2020\/01\/the-crtc-knows-best\/\r\nGlasner, E. (January 29, 2020) cbc.ca https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/entertainment\/broadcasting-telecommunications-report-netflix-cbc-1.5443478\r\nKay, J. (January 31, 2020). The federal government\u2019s unsettling communications power grab. The National Post<\/i>. https:\/\/nationalpost.com\/opinion\/jonathan-kay-the-federal-governments-unsettling-communications-power-grab\r\nMalik, A. (January 29, 2020). BTLR panel opposes Netflix tax but wants to ensure contribution to CanCon. MobileSyrup.com<\/i> https:\/\/mobilesyrup.com\/2020\/01\/29\/btlr-panel-opposes-netflix-tax-but-wants-to-ensure-contribution-to-cancon-canada\/\r\nMenzies, P (January 30, 2020). The Globe and Mail<\/i>. The CRTC report constitutes a stunning unjustified power grab. https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/business\/commentary\/article-the-crtc-report-constitutes-a-stunning-unjustified-power-grab\/\r\nPosadzky, A. (January 30, 2020). Panel recommends sweeping changes to Canada\u2019s media and communications. The Globe and Mail<\/i>. https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/business\/article-panel-recommends-sweeping-changes-to-canadas-media-and-communications\/\r\nVlessing, E. (January 29, 2020). Hollywood Reporter<\/i>. Netflix tax proposal rejected in Canada https:\/\/www.hollywoodreporter.com\/news\/netflix-tax-proposal-rejected-canada-1274629<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Menzies, P. (January 30, 2020). Broadcasting report constitutes a stunning overreach. The Globe and Mail<\/i>. https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/business\/commentary\/article-the-crtc-report-constitutes-a-stunning-unjustified-power-grab\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Vlessing, E. (January 29, 2020). Netflix tax proposal rejected in Canada. Hollywood Reporter.<\/i> https:\/\/www.hollywoodreporter.com\/news\/netflix-tax-proposal-rejected-canada-1274629<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Berkowitz, I. S (February 27, 2020). Yale Report a month on: The good, the bad and a quid pro quo. playbackonline.ca<\/i>.https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2020\/02\/27\/yale-report-a-month-on-the-good-the-bad-and-a-quid-pro-q<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>CMF (September 17, 2020). CMF annonces 19M in Covid-19 Emergency Support fund for film and television productions. https:\/\/cmf-fmc.ca\/en-ca\/programs-deadlines\/programs\/covid-19-emergency-relief-funds-interactive-digit<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Ahearn, V. and Deschamps. T. Coronavirus: Canada creates 50M fund for film, TV productions without insurance. The Canadian Press. https:\/\/globalnews.ca\/news\/7360446\/coronavirus-productions-tv-insurance\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Pinto, J. (November 3, 2020). Minister Steven Guilbeault proposes bill to regulate OTT\u2019s, grant more power to CRTC. Playback. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2020\/11\/03\/minister-steven-guilbeault-proposes-bill-to-regulate-otts-grant-more-power-to-crtc\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Geist, M. (November 3, 2020). The Government\u2019s Internet Regulation Bill: Why Bill C-10 Will Mean a CRTC-Approved Netflix Service, Reduced Consumer Choice, and Less Investment in Canadian Culture.\u00a0 <\/span>Michael Geist.ca<\/i> https:\/\/www.michaelgeist.ca\/2020\/11\/the-governments-internet-regulation-bill-why-bill-c-10-will-mean-a-crtc-approved-netflix-service-reduced-consumer-choice-and-less-investment-in-canadian-culture\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (December 7, 2016). Hey Industry: Let\u2019s be clear about the Netflix tax. http:\/\/playbackonline.ca<\/i>\/2017\/12\/07\/column-hey-industry-lets-be-clear-about-the-netflix-tax\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Snider, M. (February 16, 2021). Americans are united on one thing: We have become a nation of streamers euring coronavirus pandemic. USA Today.<\/i> https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/tech\/2021\/02\/16\/netflix-amazon-streaming-video-disney-hulu-hbo-max-peacock\/6759020002\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Malyk., L. (February 11, 2021). Netflix to make new home in Canada. Playback. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2021\/02\/11\/netflix-to-make-a-new-home-in-canada\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Quote\u00a0 <\/span>by Patricia Elliott, then Consul and Senior Trade Commissioner of Los Angeles Office of the Canada Trade Commissioner Service (TCS) in Berkowitz, I. (August 29, 2017). Los Angeles Trade Commission: \u201cto sell to a global market, create for a global market.\u201d CMF Trends. https:\/\/trends.cmf-fmc.ca\/los-angeles-trade-commissioner-to-sell-to-a-global-market-create-for-a-global-market\/<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Scholarly consensus is this is a paraphrase of a June 1946 statement by Einstein saying a new type of thinking is essential if mankind is to survive and move to higher levels. In\u00a0 <\/span>\u201cAtomic Education Urged by Einstein,\u201d The New York Times<\/i> (May 25, 1946).<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Carroll, L. (under the pseudonym, Charles Dodgson). (1865)\u00a0 <\/span>Alice\u2019s Adventures in Wonderland<\/i> (commonly shortened to Alice in Wonderland): Macmillan: U.K.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Bryar, C. and Carr. B. (2021). Working backwards: Insights, stories and secrets from inside Amazon.<\/i> St. Martin\u2019s Press.\u00a0 <\/span>https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Working-Backwards-Insights-Stories-Secrets\/dp\/1250267595<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Customer Guru (2021). Netflix Net Promoter Score 2021 benchmarks.\u00a0 <\/span>https:\/\/customer.guru\/net-promoter-score\/netflix<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t

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    <\/span>Subramaniam, V. (January 4, 2021), \u2018We have come six years in six months and there\u2019s no going back:\u2019 Eight VCs on what to expect from venture capital in 2021. The Logic<\/i> https:\/\/thelogic.co\/news\/special-report\/we-have-come-six-years-in-six-months-and-theres-no-going-back-eight-vcs-on-what-to-expect-from-venture-capital-in-2021\/?utm_source=The+Logic+Master+List&utm_campaign=f2af06aac2-SAMPLE_We_have_come_six_years_in_six_months_COPY_0&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_325d5d3b52-f2af06aac2-275682397.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>","rendered":"

      \n
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      Berkowitz, I. (January 27, 2020) Unless we drop our antiquated nationalism, we\u2019ll have nothing. https:\/\/cartt.ca\/analysis-unless-we-drop-our-antiquated-nationalism-well-have-nothing\/.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      The real estate punchline is \u201clocation, location, location.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      Schneider, M. (September 20, 2020). Emmy awards 2020: HBO dominates, \u2018Watchmen\u2019 triumphs, \u2018Schitt\u2019s Creek\u2019 makes history. Variety. https:\/\/variety.com\/2020\/tv\/news\/emmys-2020-watchmen-jimmy-kimmel-1234776626\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      My words as quoted in CBC News (October 11, 2017). CBC News: Netflix launches campaign to set record straight about 500 million dollar investment. http:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/beta\/news\/business\/netflix-canada-spending-1.434727<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    5. \n

      Berkowitz, I.S. (June 10, 2015) In TV\u2019s Golden Age, viewers are already on line. Industry must follow. The Globe and Mail Report on Business. http:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/report-on-business\/rob-commentary\/in-tvs-new-golden-age-consumers-have-the-gold-we-should-follow-their-lead\/article24879478\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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      Ismail, S. (2016). How do we fix civilization? Tedx. https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=mV0oKVOIGG4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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      CRTC (December 10, 2020). Communications Monitoring Report 2020. https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/publications\/reports\/policyMonitoring\/2020\/cmr3.htm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    8. \n

      CMF 2020). Annual Report 2019-2020. p.31. https:\/\/www.cmf-fmc.ca\/CMF\/media\/documents\/CMF-Annual-Report-2019-20-EN.pdf?ext=.pdf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    9. \n

      CMPA (April 2, 2020). Profile 2019: Economic report on the screen-based media production industry in Canada. Summary data, p. 4. Exhibit 2-5, p. 25, Canadian English-language TV production.\u00a0 https:\/\/cmpa.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/CMPA_2019_E_FINAL.pdf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    10. \n

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    12. \n

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    17. \n

      Berkowitz, I.S. (February 27, 2020). Yale report a month on: The good, the bad and a quid pro quo. Playback. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2020\/02\/27\/yale-report-a-month-on-the-good-the-bad-and-a-quid-pro-quo\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    18. \n

      CRTC (March 12, 2015). Broadcasting Regulatory Policy CRTC 2015-86. Government of Canada. para. 28. https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/archive\/2015\/2015-86.htm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    19. \n

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    21. \n

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    22. \n

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    24. \n

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    26. \n

      Berkowitz, I.S. (2016). Domestic supply to global demand: Reframing the challenge of English-language Canadian TV drama. PhD Dissertation. http:\/\/digital.library.ryerson.ca\/islandora\/object\/RULA%3A4885\/datastream\/OBJ\/download\/Domestic_supply_to_global_demand__reframing_the_<\/span>challenge_of_Canadian_English-language_television_drama.pdf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    27. \n

      Kissell, R. ( January 12, 2015). Golden Globes ratings on NBC down vs. last year, still strong. Variety.http:\/\/variety.com\/2015\/data\/ratings\/golden-globes-ratings-on-nbc-down-vs-last-year-still-strong-1201400878\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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      Del Vecchio (September 21, 2020). The 2020 Emmys TV ratings cracked \u2014 and so did its relevance. Forbes.https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/genedelvecchio\/2020\/09\/21\/the-2020-emmys-tv-ratings-crashedand-so-did-its-relevance\/#a3accf16a2e4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    29. \n

      My written presentation is at https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Documents.aspx?ID=218358&Lang=e. The video file is at http:\/\/www.cpac.ca\/en\/digital-archives\/?search=Let%27s+Talk+TV<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    30. \n

      Berkowitz, I. S. (March 13, 2015). CRTC gets it: time to make hits, not shows. The Globe and Mail. https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/opinion\/crtc-gets-it-time-to-make-hits-not-shows\/article23449134\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    31. \n

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    32. \n

      Berkowitz, I.S. (November 3, 2017). Column: Is it time for a new points system? Playback. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2017\/11\/03\/column-is-it-time-for-a-new-points-system\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    33. \n

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    35. \n

      Berkowitz, I.S, Davis, C. H. and Smith, H. (May 22, 2019). Watchtime Canada: How YouTube connects creators and consumers. https:\/\/sites.google.com\/view\/watchtime-2019<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    36. \n

      Ismail. S., Malone, M., and Van Geest, Y. (2014, 2021) Exponential Organizations: Why new organizations are ten times better, faster, and cheaper than yours and what to do about it.<\/i> Diversion Books: New York. (2021 edition forthcoming)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    37. \n

      based on a famous April 19, 1965 article \u201c The Future of Integrated Circuits\u201d published in Electronics Magazine on April 19, 1965. by Gordon Moore of CalTech, Cramming more components onto integrated circuits originally published in In 1968, Moore founded Intel Corporation in 1968.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    38. \n

      Berkowitz, I.S. (2016). Ten media takeaways from Silicon Valley. CMF Trends<\/i>. http:\/\/devtrends.cmf-fmc.ca\/ten-media-takeaways-from-silicon-valley\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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      <\/span>In designing the Canadian framework, traditional \u201cprimetime\u201d (8-11) was replaced by \u201cevening hours\u201d 6pm-12am to allow Canadian networks to meet their 50% quota of Canadian content by including news and prime access (7-8pm), leaving most of the traditional prime time open for Hollywood hits because popular primetime shows are TV\u2019s economic driver.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    131. \n

      <\/span>CBC Media Centre (April 16, 2020) CBC original Schitt\u2019s Creek wraps its final season as the #1 Canadian comedy series of the year. cbc.ca https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/mediacentre\/press-release\/cbc-original-schitts-creek-wraps-its-final-season-as-the-1-canadian-comedy#:~:text=Releases%20Schedules%20Contact-,CBC%20ORIGINAL%20SCHITT\u2019S%20CREEK%20WRAPS%20ITS%20FINAL%20SEASON%20AS%20THE,COMEDY%20SERIES%20OF%20THE%20YEAR&text=CBC\u2019s%20original%20hit%20comedy%20SCHITT\u2019S,the%202019%2D20%20broadcast%20season.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    132. \n

      <\/span>Noam, E. M. (2008, July 11). TV or not TV: Three screens, one regulation? (Report to the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission. crtc.gc.ca<\/i> http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/media\/noam2008.htm Reasons for Regulation section, para. 6<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    133. \n

      <\/span>Caplan, G. L., & Sauvageau, F. (1986). Report of the Task Force on Broadcasting Policy. Ottawa, ON: Minister of Supply and Services Canada. p. 76 https:\/\/catalogue.library.ryerson.ca\/record=b1054189<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    134. \n

      <\/span>Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage. (2003). Our cultural sovereignty: The second century of Canadian broadcasting. pp 5, 301. https:\/\/www.ourcommons.ca\/DocumentViewer\/en\/37-2\/HERI\/report-2\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    135. \n

      <\/span>Some sources: Babe, R. E. (2000). Canadian communication thought: Ten foundational writers<\/i>. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press; Edwardson, R. (2008). Canadian content, culture and the quest for nationhood<\/i>. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press; Frye, N. (1971). The bush garden: Essays on the Canadian imagination<\/i>. Toronto, ON: House of Anansi.diss-Frye, N. 1971; Godfrey, S., & Unger, F. (2004). The shifting foundations of modern nation-states: Realignments of belonging<\/i>. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press; Johnson-Yale, C. (2008). \u201cSo-called runaway film production\u201d: Countering Hollywood\u2019s outsourcing narrative in the Canadian press. <\/i>Critical Studies in Media Communications, 25(2), 113-134. doi:10.1080\/15295030802032259; Noam, E. M. (July 11, 2008). TV or not TV: Three screens, one regulation? Report to the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/media\/noam2008.htm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    136. \n

      <\/span>Babe, R. E. (2000). Canadian communication thought: Ten foundational writers. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    137. \n

      <\/span>Frye, N. (1971). The bush garden: Essays on the Canadian imagination. P. iii-iv. Toronto, ON: House of Anansi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    138. \n

      <\/span>Edwardson, R. (2008). Canadian content, culture and the quest for nationhood. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press. p. 283<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    139. \n

      <\/span>Noam, E. M. (2008, July 11). TV or not TV: Three screens, one regulation? (Report to the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission). Reasons for Regulation section, para. 6 http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/media\/noam2008.htm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    140. \n

      <\/span>Litt, P. (1992). The muses, the masses and the Massey Commission<\/i>. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    141. \n

      <\/span>Royal Commission on Radio Broadcasting. (1929). Report of the Royal Commission on Radio Broadcasting. Ottawa, ON: F.A. Acland, Printer to the King. pps. 1, 4, 17 http:\/\/publications.gc.ca\/collections\/collection_2014\/bcp-pco\/CP32-104-1929-eng.pdf.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    142. \n

      <\/span>Royal Commission on Radio Broadcasting. (1929). Report of the Royal Commission on Radio Broadcasting. Ottawa, ON: F.A. Acland, Printer to the King. pps. 1, 4, 17. http:\/\/publications.gc.ca\/collections\/collection_2014\/bcp-pco\/CP32-104-1929-eng.pdf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    143. \n

      <\/span>Government of Canada, Report of the Royal Commission on Radio Broadcasting (1929). p.p. 1, 3, 17 http:\/\/publications.gc.ca\/collections\/collection_2014\/bcp-pco\/CP32-104-1929-eng.pdf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    144. \n

      <\/span>Government of Canada, Report of the Royal Commission on Radio Broadcasting (1929). p. 6 http:\/\/publications.gc.ca\/collections\/collection_2014\/bcp-pco\/CP32-104-1929-eng.pdf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    145. \n

      <\/span>Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage. (2003). Our cultural sovereignty: The second century of Canadian broadcastin<\/i>g. http:\/\/www.parl.gc.ca\/HousePublications\/Publication.aspx?DocId=1032284<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    146. \n

      <\/span>Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage. (2003). Our cultural sovereignty: The second century of Canadian broadcasting<\/i>. http:\/\/www.parl.gc.ca\/HousePublications\/Publication.aspx?DocId=1032284<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    147. \n

      <\/span>Classictvhits.com. (n.d.). TV ratings: Top 30 shows for each year, from 1950 to 2000. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.classictvhits.com\/tvratings\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    148. \n

      <\/span>Palmer, S. (2006). Television disrupted: The transition from network to networked TV<\/i>. Burlington, MA: Focal Press\/Elsevier.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    149. \n

      <\/span>Litt, P. (1992). The muses, the masses and the Massey Commission<\/i>. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press. p. 48<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    150. \n

      <\/span>Wikipedia (n.d.) Texaco Star Theatre. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Texaco_Star_Theater<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    151. \n

      <\/span>Litt, P. (1992). The muses, the masses and the Massey Commission<\/i>. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press. p. 71, from CKEY briefs (vol. 7 no. 86, pp. 28-29).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    152. \n

      <\/span>Report – Royal Commission on National Development in the Arts, Letters, and Sciences, 1949-1951<\/i>. (1951). Ottawa: ON: Edmond Cloutier, Printer to the King\u2019s Most Excellent Majesty Royal Commission, 1951. Section 18, para. 26 https:\/\/www.collectionscanada.gc.ca\/massey\/index-e.html<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    153. \n

      <\/span>OFA Entertainment. (2010). The Ed Sullivan Show\u2014The official Ed Sullivan site. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.edsullivan.com\/most-frequent-ed-sullivan-show-guests. Canadians Wayne and Shuster became the most frequent performers on The Ed Sullivan Show<\/i>. With 58 appearances, they beat Topo Gigio, a mouse puppet who appeared 50 times.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    154. \n

      <\/span>Report\u2014Royal Commission on National Development in the Arts, Letters, and Sciences, 1949-1951<\/i>. (1951). Ottawa, ON: Edmond Cloutier, Printer to the King\u2019s Most Excellent MajestyRoyal Commission, 1951, section 18, para. 26, Chapter III, section 47, para. 18.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    155. \n

      <\/span>Report – Royal Commission on National Development in the Arts, Letters, and Sciences, 1949-1951<\/i>. (1951). Ottawa, ON: Edmond Cloutier, Printer to the King\u2019s Most Excellent MajestyRoyal Commission, 1951, Chapter II, paras. 9-10, [my italics]<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    156. \n

      <\/span>Fulford, R. (December 22, 2001). The Massey Report: Did it send us the wrong way? The National Post. www.robertfulford.com\/MasseyReport.html, paras 7-8.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    157. \n

      <\/span>Government of Canada, Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage. (2003). Our cultural sovereignty: The second century of Canadian broadcasting<\/i>. http:\/\/www.parl.gc.ca\/HousePublications\/Publication.aspx?DocId=103228<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    158. \n

      <\/span>Government of Canada (1991). Broadcasting Act<\/em>. https:\/\/laws.justice.gc.ca\/eng\/acts\/B-9.01\/page-5.html#docCont<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    159. \n

      <\/span>Government of Canada. Copyright Act. Justice Laws<\/i>. https:\/\/laws-lois.justice.gc.ca\/eng\/acts\/C-42\/Index.html has undergone a review process. The results were tabled in May 2019, resulting in 36 recommendations. Part I, Section 3(d) https:\/\/gowlihngwlg.com\/en\/insights-resources\/articles\/2019\/more-changes-to-canadian-copyright-law-announced\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    160. \n

      <\/span>Government of Canada (December 7, 2020). CRTC: Departmental results report 2019-2020. https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/backgrnd\/drr2020\/drr2020.htm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    161. \n

      <\/span>Government of Canada (1991), Broadcasting Act<\/em>. Justice Laws<\/i>. Broadcasting Policy, Section 3, para. d.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    162. \n

      <\/span>Palmer, P. (January 23, 2015). Why broadcasting and telecoms belong in different legislation. Philip Palmer Law. http:\/\/philippalmerlaw.ca\/broadcasting-telecoms-belong-different-legislation\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    163. \n

      <\/span>CRTC (1971). Canadian Broadcasting, A Single System: Policy Statement on Cable Television. Section 4 Many thanks to retired CRTC Executive, Margaret Kennedy, who facilitated my request for the original documents on simultaneous substitution and spent hours of research to find these archived files.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    164. \n

      \u00a0Personal communication with the author.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    165. \n

      <\/span>Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission. (2011). Broadcasting Decision 2011-441: Group-based licence renewals for English-language television groups\u2014Introductory decision. Canadian Program Expenditures. http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/archive\/2011\/2011-441.htm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    166. \n

      <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (February 27, 2020). Yale report a month on: The good, the bad and a quid pro quo. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2020\/02\/27\/yale-report-a-month-on-the-good-the-bad-and-a-quid-pro-quo\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    167. \n

      <\/span>Grant, P. S., & Buchanan, G. (Eds.). (2010). Regulatory guide to Canadian television<\/i>. Toronto, ON: McCarthy Tetrault.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    168. \n

      <\/span>Rogers Communications Inc. (October 8, 2014). Intervention 2345, Appendix C by Armstrong Consulting: The economic value of simultaneous signal substitution for English-language private television broadcasters. https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Default-Defaut.aspx?en=2014-190&dt=i&S=C&PA=b&PT=nc&PST=a&lang=e<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    169. \n

      <\/span>Thanks to CRTC who provided the dates of meetings between the industry and the CRTC over the four years (1980-1984) that it took to create the 10 point system.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    170. \n

      <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (January 27, 2020). Analysis: Unless we drop our antiquated nationalism, we\u2019ll have nothing. cartt.ca https:\/\/cartt.ca\/analysis-unless-we-drop-our-antiquated-nationalism-well-have-nothing\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    171. \n

      <\/span>Zitzerman, D. (March 2012). Structuring an international treaty co-production or a CRTC co-venture: Insight 5th edition entertainment law: Best practice and lessons learned. www.goodmans.ca\/files\/file\/docs\/zitzerman.pdf, p. 6<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    172. \n

      <\/span>An obscure report about new opportunities emerging in the U.S. may have laid conceptual groundwork for the Canadian co-ventures category. Apparently authored by a consulting company for Pierre Elliot Trudeau\u2019s Department of Communications, it observed that opportunity and mutual need would define the U.S. market for Canadian TV programs. It emphasized Canadian creative talent: \u201cIn the final analysis, it is the strength of the program idea that matters most. Canadians do not lack talent or ideas\u201d (Grieve, Horner, & Associates, 1983).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    173. \n

      <\/span>Canadian Forex. (June 29, 2015). Yearly average exchange rate for currencies. http:\/\/www.canadianforex.ca\/forex-tools\/historical-rate-tools\/yearly-average-rates<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    174. \n

      <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (January 27, 2020). Analysis: Unless we drop our antiquated nationalism, we\u2019ll have nothing. cartt.ca https:\/\/cartt.ca\/analysis-unless-we-drop-our-antiquated-nationalism-well-have-nothing\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    175. \n

      <\/span>Per CRTC 2015-86 (March 12, 2015), The Way Forward<\/i>, Canadian content daytime quotas were removed in 2016.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    176. \n

      <\/span>Broadcast exhibition quotas underwent revisions, but there were few substantive changes until CRTC\u20192015 decision resulting from Let\u2019s Talk TV<\/i>,# the nation\u2019s first inquiry on the impact of global media disruption. Daytime regulations were removed, so as to focus on high-budget, high-employment primetime Canadian content, another strategy to direct more resources towards Canadian content in the hopes of increasing popularity. Let\u2019s Talk TV<\/i> is examined in Chapter 5.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    177. \n

      <\/span>Lemieux, R., & Jackson, J. ( October 12, 1999) Cultural exemptions in Canada\u2019s major international trade agreements and investment relationships. http:\/\/www.parl.gc.ca\/Content\/LOP\/researchpublications\/prb9925-e.ht<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    178. \n

      <\/span>McGregor, J. (October 17, 2018). Canada to apply USMCA cultural exemption to trade in digital media. cbc.ca ttps:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/politics\/usmca-nafta-cultural-exemption-1.4865113<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    179. \n

      <\/span>CRTC (May 17, 1999). CRTC Broadcasting Public Notice (PN) 1999-84, Telecom PN 99-14. The Commission\u2019s approach to new media. para. 6. http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/archive\/1999\/pb99-84.htm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    180. \n

      <\/span>The Power of TV Advertising in Canada. (2019). ThinkTV<\/i>. https:\/\/thinktv.ca\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    181. \n

      <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (February 27, 2020). Yale report a month on: The good, the bad and a quid pro quo. Playback. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2020\/02\/27\/yale-report-a-month-on-the-good-the-bad-and-a-quid-pro-quo\/#ixzz6hCaXCMop<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    182. \n

      <\/span>Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage. (2003). Our cultural sovereignty: The second century of Canadian broadcasting.<\/i> http:\/\/www.parl.gc.ca\/HousePublications\/Publication.aspx?DocId=1032284. p. 136.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    183. \n

      <\/span>for example, Macerola, F. (2003, June). Canadian content in the 21st century in film and television productions: A matter of cultural destiny (Cat. No. CH44-29\/2003). https:\/\/www.sfu.ca\/cmns\/courses\/230\/Body%20text.section\/Canada\/Canadian%20Content-2003E.pdf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    184. \n

      <\/span>Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage. (2003). Our cultural sovereignty: The second century of Canadian broadcasting<\/i>. http:\/\/www.parl.gc.ca\/HousePublications\/Publication.aspx?DocId=1032284, p.121.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    185. \n

      <\/span>Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage. (2003). Our cultural sovereignty: The second century of Canadian broadcasting<\/i>. Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage, p. 132-164.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    186. \n

      <\/span>Zitzerman, D. (March, 2012). Structuring an international treaty co-production or a CRTC co-venture: Insight 5th edition entertainment law: Best practice and lessons learned. www.goodmans.ca\/files\/file\/docs\/zitzerman.pdf<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    187. \n

      <\/span>Hoskins, C., McFadyen, S. & Finn, A. (2004). Media economics: Applying economics to new and traditional media<\/i>. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. p. 160-320.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    188. \n

      <\/span>Porter, M. E. (1998b, November). Clusters and the new economics of competition. Harvard Business Review<\/i>, p. 86-87<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    189. \n

      <\/span>Coalition of Canadian Audio-Visual Unions, 2003.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    190. \n

      <\/span>McQueen, T. (2003). Dramatic choices: A report on Canadian English-language drama. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission. p. 2. http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/Library\/Detail\/catalog5894<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    191. \n

      <\/span>CRTC (November 29, 2004). Incentives for English-language Canadian television drama (Broadcasting Public Notice CRTC 2004-93). http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/archive\/2004\/pb2004-93.htm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    192. \n

      <\/span>Government of Canada, Department of Canadian Heritage. (2009). Canada Media Fund<\/i>. para. 27. http:\/\/www.pch.gc.ca\/eng\/1294329166335\/1294330109930<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    193. \n

      <\/span>de Rosa, M. and Burgess, M. (December 2015). An international comparative study: How national content is defined in Canada and selected countries for the purpose of providing access to public support.<\/i> CMPA-CMF-Telefilm-OMDC-MDR; CMF-Olsberg SPI (September 2015). New funding models: How funders cope in a changing media environment<\/i>. London, UK.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    194. \n

      <\/span>Berkowitz, I. S. (June 10, 2015). In TV\u2019s Golden Age, viewers are already on line. Industry must follow. The Globe and Mail Report on Business<\/i>. http:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/report-on-business\/rob-commentary\/in-tvs-new-golden-age-consumers-have-the-gold-we-should-follow-their-lead\/article24879478\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    195. \n

      <\/span>Statista (n.d.) Penetration rate of Netflix subscribers in Canada 2012-2018 by subscriber\u2019s language. statista.com https:\/\/www-statista-com.ezproxy.lib.ryerson.ca\/statistics\/473746\/canada-netflix-subscriber-reach-language\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    196. \n

      <\/span>Public Interest Advocacy Center\/PIAC ( September 9, 2014). Let\u2019s Talk TV, Day 2<\/i>. http:\/\/www.piac.ca\/telecom\/let_s_talk_tv_day_2\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    197. \n

      <\/span>Oliveira, M. (September 20, 2013). Netflix doubles subscriber base in Canada. The Globe and Mail<\/i>. https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/technology\/business-technology\/netflix-doubles-subscriber-base-in-canada-survey-says\/article14433587\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    198. \n

      <\/span>As quoted in Berkowitz, I. S. (February 27, 2020). Yale report a month on: The good, the bad, and a quid pro quo. Playback. https:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2020\/02\/27\/yale-report-a-month-on-the-good-the-bad-and-a-quid-pro-quo\/ in a speech by then CRTC VP of Telecommunications, Peter Menzies. Original speech can be found at: Government of Canada (September 23, 2013). Speech by Peter Menzies. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/news\/archive\/2013\/09\/speech-peter-menzies.html<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    199. \n

      <\/span>Friends of Canadian Broadcasting (March 12, 2015),. Speech: CRTC Chairman on Let\u2019s Talk TV and the future of content made by Canadians by Jean-Pierre Blais. https:\/\/friends.ca\/explore\/article\/speech-crtc-chairman-on-lets-talk-tv-and-the-future-of-content-made-by-canadians-by-jean-pierre-blais\/Age of abundance, paras. 11-12 & Conclusion, para. 2) http:\/\/news.gc.ca\/web\/article-en.do?nid=926529<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    200. \n

      <\/span>Berkowitz, (I. S.) (September 9, 2014) Brain Drain to Brain Chain | Can Con to Can Brand\u2014Reframing the Challenge of English Language Canadian TV Drama<\/i> https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Documents.aspx?ID=218358&en=2014-190&dt=i&lang=e&S=C&PA=b&PT=nc&PST=a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    201. \n

      <\/span>CRTC (2014) Interventions, Public Process 2014-90 https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Default-Defaut.aspx?en=2014-190&dt=i&lang=e&S=C&PA=b&PT=nc&PST=a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    202. \n

      <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (July 7, 2014). Is it time to rebrand Canadian TV. playbackonline.ca<\/i> http:\/\/playbackonline.ca\/2014\/07\/07\/oped-is-it-time-to-re-brand-canadian-tv\/%23ixzz36oOrqGOX<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    203. \n

      <\/span>Government of Canada, CRTC (September 2014). Agenda: Hearing 8 September 2014, Gatineau, Quebec. https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/Broadcast\/eng\/HEARINGS\/2014\/ag08_09.htm?_ga=2.73238035.1286938753.1610379155-680731202.1605035722<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    204. Berkowitz, I. S. (September 9, 2014)\u00a0 Can Con to Can Brand \u2013 Let\u2019s pivot our goal from domestic supply to global demand. (Written version of live presentation at CRTC hearing, Let\u2019s talk TV). https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Documents.aspx?ID=218358&Lang= <\/a><\/li>\n
    205. \n

      <\/span>Government of Canada (2014). CRTC, related documents. Berkowitz, I. (October 3, 2014). Future Proofing Canada\u2019s Media System\u2014From Investment to Return on Investment: Global Applause Is not Just Good Business\u2014It\u2019s Great Culture https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Documents.aspx?ID=218358&en=2014-190&dt=f&lang=e&S=C&PA=b&PT=nc&PST=a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    206. \n

      <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (September 15, 2014). Canadians want good programs, not 300 channels. The Globe and Mail. https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/opinion\/canadians-want-good-programs-not-300-channels\/article20600050\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    207. \n

      <\/span>CRTC. (2014). Public Process 2014-190. https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Default-Defaut.aspx?en=2014-190&dt=f&lang=e&S=C&PA=b&PT=nc&PST=a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    208. \n

      <\/span>CRTC (March 26, 2015). Let\u2019s Talk TV decisions at a glance. http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/com300\/infograph1.htm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    209. \n

      <\/span>CRTC (January 29, 2015). Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-25: Measures to address issues related to simultaneous substitution. http:\/\/www.crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/archive\/2015\/2015-24.htm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    210. \n

      <\/span>Rogers Communications Inc. (October 8, 2014). Intervention 2345, Appendix C by Armstrong Consulting: The economic value of simultaneous signal substitution for English-language private television broadcasters. https:\/\/services.crtc.gc.ca\/pub\/ListeInterventionList\/Default-Defaut.aspx?en=2014-190&dt=i&S=C&PA=b&PT=nc&PST=a&lang=e<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    211. \n

      <\/span>CRTC (March 12, 2015). Jean-Pierre Blais to the Canadian Club of Ottawa on Let\u2019s Talk TV<\/i> and the future of content made by Canadians (Press release). Today\u2019s Decision section, para. 3. http:\/\/news.gc.ca\/web\/article-en.do?nid=947239<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    212. \n

      <\/span>CRTC (March 12, 2015). Jean-Pierre Blais to the Canadian Club of Ottawa on Let\u2019s Talk TV <\/i>and the future of content made by Canadians (Press release). Today\u2019s Decision section, para. 3. http:\/\/news.gc.ca\/web\/article-en.do?nid=947239<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    213. \n

      <\/span>CRTC (March 12, 2015). Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2015-86.The way forward – Creating compelling and diverse Canadian programming. http:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/archive2015\/2015-86.htm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    214. \n

      <\/span>Berkowitz, I.S. (March 13, 2015). CRTC gets it: Time to make hits, not shows. The Globe and Mail Report on Business<\/i> http:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/globe-debate\/crtc-gets-it-time-to-make-hits-not-shows\/article23449134\/<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    215. \n

      <\/span>Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) (March 26, 2015). Let\u2019s Talk TV decisions at a glance. https:\/\/crtc.gc.ca\/eng\/television\/services\/idecisions.htm<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    216. \n

      <\/span>Porter, M. E. (1990). The competitive advantage of nations.. New York, NY: Free Press. pp. 30 and 169-171<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    217. \n

      <\/span>Jackson, E. (June 14, 2016). Netflix lands over a million new subscribers in less than a year. National Post. http:\/\/www.nationalpost.com\/netflix+lands+over+million+canadian+subscribers+less+than+year+report\/11986099\/story.html<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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