{"id":979,"date":"2024-04-10T09:54:25","date_gmt":"2024-04-10T13:54:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/npltc\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=979"},"modified":"2024-04-10T09:57:40","modified_gmt":"2024-04-10T13:57:40","slug":"2-4-3","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/npltc\/chapter\/2-4-3\/","title":{"raw":"2.4.3 Types of Delirium","rendered":"2.4.3 Types of Delirium"},"content":{"raw":"<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 245.525px\">Hypoactive<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 254.15px\">Hyperactive<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 449.425px\">Mixed<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 245.525px\">\r\n<div>\u25cfOccurs in 25% of cases<\/div>\r\n<div>\u25cfWithdrawn, lethargy, unexplained sedation<\/div>\r\n<div>\u25cfInability to focus while awake<\/div>\r\n<div>\u25cfDecreased mobility<\/div>\r\n<div>\u25cfMay be misdiagnosed as depression<\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 254.15px\">\r\n<div>\u25cfOccurs in 30% of cases<\/div>\r\n<div>\u25cfRestlessness (increased walking\/pacing)<\/div>\r\n<div>\u25cfAgitation\/aggression<\/div>\r\n<div>\u25cfDelusions\/hallucinations<\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 449.425px\">\r\n<div>\u25cfOccurs in 45% of cases<\/div>\r\n<div>\u25cfExhibit symptoms of both hypoactive and hyperactive<\/div>\r\n<div>\u25cfSwitching between both states over the course of the day or from one day to another[footnote]Island Health, 2006a[\/footnote]<\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nTypical Causes of Delirium:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Medical condition<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Substance intoxication<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Medication side effect[footnote]Alzheimer\u2019s Society, 2017[\/footnote]<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nTreatment\/Management:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Manage underlying conditions<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Supportive medical care<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Managing symptoms of delirium<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Nonpharmacologic interventions<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Antipsychotic medication<\/li>\r\n \t<li>AVOID Restraints[footnote]Inouye et al., 1990[\/footnote][footnote]Francis, 2019[\/footnote]<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","rendered":"<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 245.525px\">Hypoactive<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 254.15px\">Hyperactive<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 449.425px\">Mixed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 245.525px\">\n<div>\u25cfOccurs in 25% of cases<\/div>\n<div>\u25cfWithdrawn, lethargy, unexplained sedation<\/div>\n<div>\u25cfInability to focus while awake<\/div>\n<div>\u25cfDecreased mobility<\/div>\n<div>\u25cfMay be misdiagnosed as depression<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 254.15px\">\n<div>\u25cfOccurs in 30% of cases<\/div>\n<div>\u25cfRestlessness (increased walking\/pacing)<\/div>\n<div>\u25cfAgitation\/aggression<\/div>\n<div>\u25cfDelusions\/hallucinations<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 449.425px\">\n<div>\u25cfOccurs in 45% of cases<\/div>\n<div>\u25cfExhibit symptoms of both hypoactive and hyperactive<\/div>\n<div>\u25cfSwitching between both states over the course of the day or from one day to another<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Island Health, 2006a\" id=\"return-footnote-979-1\" href=\"#footnote-979-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Typical Causes of Delirium:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Medical condition<\/li>\n<li>Substance intoxication<\/li>\n<li>Medication side effect<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Alzheimer\u2019s Society, 2017\" id=\"return-footnote-979-2\" href=\"#footnote-979-2\" aria-label=\"Footnote 2\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Treatment\/Management:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Manage underlying conditions<\/li>\n<li>Supportive medical care<\/li>\n<li>Managing symptoms of delirium<\/li>\n<li>Nonpharmacologic interventions<\/li>\n<li>Antipsychotic medication<\/li>\n<li>AVOID Restraints<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Inouye et al., 1990\" id=\"return-footnote-979-3\" href=\"#footnote-979-3\" aria-label=\"Footnote 3\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[3]<\/sup><\/a><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Francis, 2019\" id=\"return-footnote-979-4\" href=\"#footnote-979-4\" aria-label=\"Footnote 4\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-979-1\">Island Health, 2006a <a href=\"#return-footnote-979-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-979-2\">Alzheimer\u2019s Society, 2017 <a href=\"#return-footnote-979-2\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 2\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-979-3\">Inouye et al., 1990 <a href=\"#return-footnote-979-3\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 3\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-979-4\">Francis, 2019 <a href=\"#return-footnote-979-4\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 4\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":517,"menu_order":32,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-979","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":3,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/npltc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/979","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/npltc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/npltc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/npltc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/517"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/npltc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/979\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":982,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/npltc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/979\/revisions\/982"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/npltc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/3"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/npltc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/979\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/npltc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=979"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/npltc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=979"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/npltc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=979"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca\/npltc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=979"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}